Ngakhale kuti chuleyu si wachilendo amphibian, woimira wopanda mchira ndi imodzi mwazinyama zodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lathuli. Mbali zapadera za achule zimawerengedwa kuti ndi thupi lalifupi komanso osatchula khosi. Amphibians alibe mchira, ndipo maso awo ali m'mbali mwa mutu waukulu wooneka ngati lathyathyathya. Chovala chopanda mchira chimakhala ndi chikope chapamwamba komanso chakumunsi, chomaliza chomwe chimakwaniritsidwa ndi khungu lonyezimira lotchedwa chikope chachitatu.
Makhalidwe a achule
Munthu aliyense ali ndi malo ake kumbuyo kwa diso, okutidwa ndi khungu lochepa - ili ndiye eardrum. Komanso achule ali ndi mphuno ziwiri zokhala ndi mavavu apadera. Zili pamwamba pakamwa, zomwe ndizokulirapo. Pali mano ang'onoang'ono pakamwa. Mwendo uliwonse wakumbuyo wa chule uli ndi zala zisanu; ziwalo za thupi zimalumikizidwa ndi kakhungu kansalu. Zikhadabo zikusowa.
Thupi la amphibian limakutidwa ndi khungu lopanda kanthu, lomwe limadzaza ndi mamina otsekemera ndi tiziwalo tating'onoting'ono timene timagwira ntchito yoteteza. Chule, kutengera mitundu, imatha kukula mpaka mamilimita 8 komanso kutalika kwa masentimita 40. Mtundu wopanda mchira ndiwosiyanasiyana kwambiri, kuyambira bulauni kapena wobiriwira, ndikutha ndi chikaso kapena chofiira.
Mitundu ya achule
Pali mitundu yopitilira 500 ya achule masiku ano. Kuchepetsa malingaliro, oimira amphibiya adagawika m'mabanja otsatirawa:
- ngati toad;
- chishango;
- zenizeni;
- Nkhalango yaku Africa;
- wamfupi;
- kusokoneza.
Otsatirawa amatchedwa achule odabwitsa kwambiri komanso osazolowereka padziko lapansi:
- mandala (galasi) - anthu amakula mpaka masentimita awiri okha, amakhala ndi khungu lopanda mtundu, momwe ziwalo zonse zamkati zimaunikidwira;
- achule akupha a kokoy - amphibiya ang'onoang'ono omwe amatulutsa poyizoni wamphamvu pakhungu lawo, kuposa njoka zowopsa kwambiri padziko lapansi;
- aubweya - amphibiya achilendo, momwe tsitsi limamera kumbuyo ndipo ndi mtundu wa dongosolo la kupuma;
- achule a goliath ndi amodzi mwamphamvu kwambiri opanda mchira, omwe amakula mpaka 40 cm ndikulemera mpaka 3.5 kg;
- Mphuno yakuthwa - khalani ndi mphuno yodabwitsa;
- achule amphongo - anthu akulu akutulutsa khwawa logontha;
- achule akuuluka - amphibiya ang'onoang'ono otchuka chifukwa chodumpha kwawo kwakutali; atha kudumpha mpaka 12 mita.
Ofufuzawo akuti mitundu yambiri ya achule idakalipo mpaka pano. Chifukwa chake, asayansi ndiosangalala kupitiliza kuphunzira za nyama poyembekezera zatsopano.
Mitundu yayikulu ya achule
Kuthengo, mungapeze achule odabwitsa komanso odabwitsa. Mitundu yofala kwambiri ya amphibians ndi:
Chule wamtengo ku Dominican - anthu ali ndi pakamwa lalikulu, mutu waukulu ndi thupi lopweteka; maso otupa, khungu lokutidwa ndi njerewere.
Chule wamtengo ku Dominican
Chule wamtengo ku Australia - opanda mchira amakhala ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira kumbuyo, mimba yoyera ndi maso agolide. Mtundu wa chule ungasinthe kukhala miyala yamtengo wapatali.
Chule wamtengo ku Australia
Chule cha Aibolit - nthumwi ya chule yosalala bwino, ikukula mpaka masentimita 8 ndikukhala ndi mutu wawung'ono, mphuno yolakwika ndi miyendo yolimba.
Limbikitsani chule
Chule wamaso ofiira ofiira - amphibiya theka-m'madzi kawirikawiri kukula kuposa 5 cm, ndi bulauni kumbuyo ndi pamimba owala.
Chule wamaso ofiira ofiira
Chule cha m'nyanja - amakula mpaka masentimita 17, kulemera kwa munthu ndi pafupifupi 1 kg.
Chule cha m'nyanja
Adyo - anthu odabwitsa, obowola pansi mosavuta. Kuti amire pansi, chule amafunika mphindi 1-3.
Adyo
Achule amitengo - amawerengedwa kuti akukuwa mosimidwa, amakwera ndikudumpha mokongola.
Chule wamba wamtengo
Chule wakhungu lakuthwa - imvi-bulauni amphibians.
Chule wakuthwa
Akuloza achule - a achule akupha; anthu ali ndi mtundu wowala ndipo amakopa chidwi cha ena.
Chule wachinyamata
Mwa mitundu ina ya achule, zotsatirazi zikuyenera kusamalidwa kwambiri:
- anthu akuda akuda;
- Vietnamese dambo amphibians;
- ma copopods opanda zingwe;
- zipolopolo;
- atelopes;
- achule ofiirira.
Oimira owoneka bwino a banja lopanda mchira akuphatikizapo mitundu iyi ya achule:
- Chidziwitso cha Sardinian;
- kambuku - akhale ndi mtundu womwe umawalola kuti abisike bwino;
- chule wapezeka wa nkhumba - anthu amtundu uwu ali ndi thupi lokwanira, kumbuyo kumayenda bwino pamutu, khosi kulibe;
- phala la phwetekere (phwetekere-mfundo yopapatiza) - ali ndi mtundu wofiira wa mithunzi yofiira;
- dziwe (lodyedwa);
- chokoleti copopod yoyera;
- kugwira chule wa imvi;
- achule achialubino.
Mapeto
Pali achule osiyanasiyana kuthengo. Zina mwazakudya ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu pophika, pomwe zina ndizowopsa ndipo zitha kupha anthu ambiri komanso nyama. Mtundu uliwonse wa amphibian ndi wapadera ndipo uli ndi mawonekedwe ake. Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, achule samatseka maso akugona, amakhala ndi maso owoneka bwino, ndipo khungu lawo limakhala ndi ma antibacterial.
