Ubweya wa akambuku umachokera ku mdima wonyezimira-lalanje mpaka wachikasu-lalanje. Mikwingwirima yakuda yoyenda imayenda mthupi, yomwe imasiyana ndi aliyense payekhapayekha. Pansi pake pa torso ndi mbali zina za mphukira ndizoyera poterera. Mtundu wa subspecies iliyonse umasiyana kutengera malo okhala, kambuku wa ku Siberia ndi wopepuka wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yocheperako (chifukwa chiyani akambuku amakhala amizere?), Nyalugwe wa Bengal ndi wowala lalanje ndi utoto wakuda.
Kutalika kwa malayawo kumasiyananso ndi madera. Akambuku a Amur amakhala ndi ubweya wautali komanso wandiweyani, amatentha nyengo yozizira. Kuchulukako kumatengera nyengo, m'miyezi yachisanu ubweya umakhala wochulukirapo. Akambuku omwe amakhala kumadera otentha, monga Sumatran, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ubweya waufupi komanso wocheperako.
Mitundu ya akambuku
Amur
Akambuku a Amur (Ussuriysk, Siberia) ndi aminyewa, okhala ndi mitu ikuluikulu komanso zotsogola zamphamvu. Mtundu wa malayawo umachokera ku lalanje mpaka bulauni, matupi ake amakhala ndi mabala oyera ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Ali ndi ndevu zazitali (zazitali kwambiri mwa amuna), maso okhala ndi irises wachikaso. Makutuwo ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso ozungulira ndi zolemba zakuda, ozunguliridwa ndi madera oyera.
Nyalugwe aliyense amakhala ndi kachitidwe kake kosiyana. Zolemba zake ndizapadera ngati zala zaanthu, ndipo ofufuza amazigwiritsa ntchito kuti adziwe kambuku wina. Nyama zimagwiritsa ntchito mikwingwirima pobisalira, akambuku amatsata mwakachetechete ndikukwapula nyama, osawoneka ngati nyama.
Chibengali
Akambuku atsala pang'ono kutha. Dera ku Asia latsika. Subpecies omwe adatsalira Pathera tigris trigris, omwe amadziwika kuti kambuku wa Bengal, amapezeka mu:
- Bangladesh;
- Bhutan;
- India;
- Nepal.
Akambuku a Bengal amakhala:
- m'malo odyetserako ziweto zonse;
- m'nkhalango zotentha;
- mu mangowe;
- nkhalango zowuma.
Chovala cha akambuku amtundu wa "standard" ndichalalanje chokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda yoyenda mbali. Mitundu yodziwika:
- yoyera ndi mikwingwirima yakuda kapena yakuda m'mbali;
- tabu wonyezimira wagolide wachikasu wokhala ndi mikwingwirima ya amber mbali.
Akambuku a Bengal ali ndi mayini atali kwambiri amtundu uliwonse wamphongo, pafupifupi 100 mm kukula kwake mwa anthu akulu komanso atali kuposa mkango wofanana. Akambuku a Bengal ali ndi zikhadabo zazikulu zochotseka zomwe zimawalola kukwera mitengo ndikupha nyama.
Indo-Chitchaina
Poyang'ana koyamba, nyama zosowa izi ndizofanana ndi akambuku ena, koma poyang'anitsitsa, mtundu wakuda wa lalanje, pafupifupi wagolide, komanso mikwingwirima yocheperako imawoneka pa malayawo. Akambuku a Indo-Chinese nawonso ndi ocheperako kuposa akambuku aku Bengal. Akambuku a Indochinese amakhala m'nkhalango m'mapiri kapena m'mapiri.
Chimalay
Amakhala kumwera kokha kwa Malay Peninsula. Kambuku wa ku Malawi adadziwika kuti ndi subspecies mchaka cha 2004. Ndi tating'ono tating'ono kwambiri kumtunda komanso tating'ono ting'onoting'ono ta akambuku. Thupi lalanje liri ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Ubweya woyera ukhoza kuwonedwa:
- kuzungulira maso;
- pamasaya;
- m'mimba.
Mu nyalugwe wachi Malay:
- chilankhulo;
- nsagwada zamphamvu;
- mayini akulu;
- amphamvu kutsogolo miyendo ndi zikhadabo lakuthwa retractable;
- minofu yolimba;
- mchira wautali.
Mikwingwirima yakuda ndiyochepa poyerekeza ndi akambuku ena ndipo imabisala bwino m'nkhalango.
Sumatran
Amakhala pachilumba cha Sumatra chokha ku Indonesia. Awa ndi ang'onoang'ono kwambiri m'gulu lililonse la tiger, chifukwa adazolowera nkhalango zowirira za Sumatra. Kukula kwake kumakulolani kuti mudutse mwachangu m'nkhalango. Nyama zomwe zilipo pachilumbachi ndizochepa ndipo sizingakupatseni kukula, kukula kwa thupi. Mikwingwirima yaubweya ndiyonso yopyapyala kuposa akambuku ena, yothandiza kubisala mumthunzi. Mosiyana ndi amphaka ena, akambuku amenewa amakonda kusambira. Akambuku a Sumatran ali ndi ukonde pakati pa zala zawo, zomwe zimawapangitsa kusambira mofulumira. Akambuku a Sumatran alinso ndi ndevu zoyera.
South China
Akambuku ndi amtundu wa tiana tating'ono ta kambuku. Zimakhala zovuta kuwawona munyama zakutchire chifukwa chakutha kwa mitunduyo. Akambuku achi China amadziwika kuti ali ndi ubweya wachikaso wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yocheperako komanso yayitali kuposa anzawo aku Bengal. Mwa nyama, mawonekedwe azakugonana, amuna amakhala akulu kuposa akazi. Kuphatikiza apo, chigaza cha kambuku ndi chachikulu kuposa cha tigress.
Subpecies zakufa
Balinese
Pamene idakalipobe, inali tinthu tating'ono kwambiri ta kambuku. Tsoka ilo, anthu sazindikiranso kukongola ndi kukula kwa kambuku wa Balinese. Nyama zinatha chifukwa cha kusaka.
Caspian
Subpecies anapezeka m'nkhalango zosowa kumwera ndi kumadzulo kwa Caspian Sea. Mitundu yaying'ono kwambiri yamoyo wamtundu wa Caspian ndi kambuku wa Amur.
Chijava
Akambuku anali okulirapo kuposa anzawo aku Balinese.
Zophatikiza za akambuku ndi amphaka ena odyetsa
Mikango imadziwika kuti imakwatirana ndi akambuku, makamaka kuchokera kuma subspecies a Bengal ndi Amur. Liger ndi wosakanizidwa chifukwa cha kuswana kwa mkango wamphongo ndi tigress. Mkango wamphongo umapereka jini yolimbikitsa kukula; tigress sikuthandizira jini loletsa kukula. Chifukwa cha izi, abodza amakhala akulu kwambiri kuposa makolowo. Amawonetsa mawonekedwe ndi machitidwe amitundu yonse. Ma liger ali ndi mawanga amchenga ndi mikwingwirima paubweya wawo. Amabodza amuna ali ndi mwayi 50% wokulira m mane, koma amangokhala ½ kutalika kwa mane wangwiro.
Liger ndi nyama yokongola komanso yosangalatsa, koma imakhala ndi mavuto ndikubereka. Amuna a Liger ndi osabala, akazi ndi achonde.
Kodi akambuku amakhala kuti
Matigari amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana modabwitsa:
- nkhalango zamvula;
- madambo;
- chipululu;
- madambo a mangrove.
Tsoka ilo, 93% yamalo amtundu wa kambuku asowa chifukwa chakukula kwa minda ndi zochitika za anthu. Kusunga akambuku kumatanthauza kupulumutsa zachilengedwe, malo amtchire ofunikira kuumoyo wapadziko lapansi.
Gulu lolumikizana ndi akambuku
Akambuku ndi nyama zokhazokha, kupatula mikango yaikazi yokhala ndi ana. Mwachisawawa, akambuku amayendayenda m'madera ambiri, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ndiwo nyumba, chifukwa cha kukula kwake kumatsimikizira kupezeka kwa chakudya. Akambuku samalondera pamalopo, koma amaika malowo ndi mkodzo ndi ndowe kuti akambuku ena adziwe kuti pamakhala anthu.
Kodi akambuku amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji?
Akambuku amadziwika kuti amakhala ndi moyo zaka 26 m'chilengedwe. Pafupifupi, ma tigress amabereka ana awiri kapena anayi, ndipo amaswana zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Ndizovuta kuti ana a nyalugwe apulumuke, pafupifupi 1/2 ya anawo samakhala zaka zopitilira ziwiri.
