Mitundu yodziwika bwino komanso yosowa ya agalu nthawi zonse imadzutsa chidwi komanso chidwi chofuna kudziwa zozizwitsa ngati izi. Nthawi zina mawonekedwe a nyama amalankhula zokha - uyu ndi galu wamagazi abwino kwambiri komanso anzeru zachilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, Galu la Catahula nyalugwe (Catahoula leopard galu) ndi mtundu wosaka agalu ochokera ku parishi ya Catahoula ku Louisiana ku USA.
Dzina lake lachiwiri Galu wa Catahula Louisiana Leopard... Mawu oti "Catahula" atha kutanthauza "kusaka nyanjayi" kuchokera mchilankhulo chakomweko cha amwenye. Ankatchedwa Leopardova chifukwa cha mawanga omwe anali mthupi mwake. Nthawi zina amatchedwanso Catahoula Hog Dog (Catahoula Hog Dog), kuwonetsa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka agalu amenewa posaka nguluwe.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Kuwonekera kwa galu wa Catahula kambuku (Pano catahula) amapanga chithunzi cha nyama yolimba komanso yolimba. Nthawi zambiri amakhala apakatikati mpaka akulu (kutengera mzere woswana). Pasapezeke zochulukirapo, kapena zolemera, kapena kupepuka mopitilira muyeso.
Olimba, owonda pang'ono komanso ogwirizana. Mwa njira, mawonekedwe agalu amayesedwa potengera momwe zingagwire ntchito. Anabadwira chifukwa chaubongo komanso luso lake m'malo mowoneka. Chifukwa chake, kukula kwa agaluwa kumatha kusiyanasiyana, ndipo anyamata nthawi zonse amakhala akulu kuposa atsikana.
Kukula kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 51 mpaka 66, kulemera kuyambira 18 mpaka 51 makilogalamu. Galu wopindidwa moyenera amakhala ndi kutalika kuposa kutalika. Mtundawu ndi wolimba, chiuno chake ndi chopindika pang'ono. Chifuwacho ndi chokulirapo pang'ono, croup ikutsika pang'ono. Mutu ndi waukulu, koma osati mopitirira muyeso, molingana ndi kukula kwa thupi. Nsagwada ndizolimba, ndikuluma lumo.
Chovalacho chiyenera kukhala chachidule mpaka chapakatikati kutalika ndipo chimakhala chofewa mpaka kukhudza kapena mwamwano. Osakwatira, opanda malaya amkati, pafupi ndi thupi. Kulongosola kawonekero ka catahula, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa kwa maso. Kuyang'ana pa iwo ndi kopatsa chidwi. Ndizabwino komanso kuzizira.
Maso ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri za mtunduwu. Mtundu wawo umatha kukhala mthunzi wa "galasi losweka" kapena "galasi lamiyala". Izi zimachitika ndi heterochromia (maso amitundu yosiyanasiyana kapena mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagawo osiyanasiyana a iris m'diso limodzi).
Catahula buluu kapena buluu loyera kapena magalasi oyera kapena mabulosi amtunduwu amatchedwa "maso awiri agalasi." Amatha kukhala ndimalo amdima komanso opepuka. Pali magawano pakati pa iris imodzi - theka la utoto umodzi, theka la enawo. Nthawi zina pamangokhala chovala kapena banga lamtundu wina.
Maso otuwa, mwachitsanzo, amadziwika ndi malo amtambo ndi obiriwira, omwe amapanga imvi. Maso atha kukhala amtundu umodzi, komanso amatha kukhala awiri osiyana. Mwambiri, mtundu wa chithunzi cha zithunzi chomwe sichimadziwika nthawi zonse. Palibe mulingo winawake, pakhoza kukhala imvi, yobiriwira, buluu, buluu wonyezimira, amber, mitundu yofiirira mosiyanasiyana.
Mchira nthawi zambiri umakhala wautali ndipo umatha kufikira hocks. Nthawi zina, m'malo mwake, imatha kukhala mtundu wofupikitsidwa wa bobtail (kutalika kwake kumachokera pamtundu umodzi mpaka zitatu). Chotalikiracho nthawi zambiri chimakhala chopindika pansi ngati mawonekedwe amfunso - mawonekedwe apadera a mchira wa catahula. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala nsonga yoyera kumchira. Mchira wofupikitsidwa ndiye chibadwa cha mtunduwo ndipo ndizosowa kwambiri.
Miyendo ya catahula ndi yopepuka, yayitali, ndipo imakhala ndi chotupa pakati pa zala zakumapazi. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kwa iwo kusaka mchithaphwi ndikupangitsa kuti azitha kusambira bwino. Galu wa Catahula nyalugwe akujambulidwa okongola kwambiri. Chisomo, ulemu wachibadwidwe, utoto wokongola ndi maso achilendo a kristalo - zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti mtunduwo ukhale wosaiwalika komanso wofunika.
Mitundu
Catahoulas amabwera mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuphatikiza merle buluu, merle wofiira, brindle, ndi mitundu yolimba. Merle - ubweya wokhala ndi mitundu yosafanana ngati malo amdima komanso opepuka amtundu womwewo. Likukhalira ndi "nsangalabwi" tione. Nthawi zina mtundu wolimba "umakonkhedwa" ndi mawanga amitundu ina, mwachitsanzo, mawanga oyera pachifuwa, pamapazi kapena pankhope.
Kwenikweni, jini "merle" imayambitsa mtundu wa "kambuku" wa galu. Komanso, zimachitika kuti imadziwika makamaka osati pa malaya onse, koma m'malo ena. Tikuwonetsani mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya galu wa Catahula, ngakhale timabwereza kuti mtundu wa malayawo siwofunikira posankha galu, sizimakhudza mtundu wake uliwonse.
- Nyalugwe wofiira - mitundumitundu ya bulauni, nthawi zina mabala ang'onoang'ono oyera amatha. Amadziwika kuti "merle wofiira".
- Nyalugwe wabuluu - mithunzi yosiyanasiyana yaimvi, kuyambira kuwala mpaka wakuda, nthawi zina pamakhala mawanga oyera osowa. Amadziwika kuti "merle wabuluu".
- Nyalugwe wakuda kapena wakuda - omwe atengeka pang'ono ndi jini "merle", komabe amakhala ndi mawanga a buluu kapena imvi.
- Nyalugwe wakuda kapena siliva - nyalugwe wabuluu, pomwe wakuda wasungunuka kukhala imvi. Amadziwika kuti "merle shale".
- Chitatu - kawirikawiri mitundu itatu imakhudzidwa - yakuda, imvi, yoyera.
- Mitundu inayi kapena mitundu isanu - agalu okhala ndi mitundu yosiyana, yofiirira ndi yamtambo yamitundu yosiyanasiyana amawonjezeredwa pamitundu itatu yayikulu.
- Patchwork - Agalu oyera kwambiri okhala ndi malo ocheperako ponseponse. Amatha kukhala akuda kapena abulauni. Mukapitiliza kupanga mitundu iyi, mutha kukwanitsa mtundu wa imvi, wabuluu, wofiira kapena chiwindi.
Kuphatikiza pa mitundu, ndikoyenera kunena za mizere ya mtunduwu, yomwe kukula kwa agalu amtunduwu kumadalira. Pali mizere itatu yofanana:
- Mzere wa Wright - mzere waukulu kwambiri wa catahoulas, wolemera makilogalamu 40 mpaka 50, udapangidwa ndi Perston Wright. Mzerewu umayimira mitundu yoyambirira yopangidwa kuchokera kwa agalu omwe adabwera kuchokera ku Hernando de Soto (wazaka za m'ma 1500 wogonjetsa Spain, wogonjetsa New World).
- Mzere wa Fairbanks - wotsatira kukula, kulemera kwa 30-35 kg. Linapangidwa ndi Mr. Lavie Fairnbanks. Zinali za mitundu yosiyanasiyana yachikaso, kuphatikiza ma brindle.
- Mzere wa McMillin... Izi catahoulas zamaso abuluu, zolemera pafupifupi 25kg, zidapangidwa ndi a McMillin aku Sandy Lake, Louisiana.
Mizere itatu iyi inali mbadwa za mitundu yonse ya catahula yomwe ikudziwika masiku ano.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Chiyambi chenicheni cha galu wa kambuku wa Catahula sichikudziwika. Ndipo monga nthawi zonse mumikhalidwe yotere, pamakhala malingaliro angapo. Choyamba ndikuwoloka Agalu a Molossian (anthu akulu ochokera ku Molossia, dera la Epirus wakale) ndi ma greyhound, omwe adapezeka ku Louisiana pamodzi ndi aku Spain mzaka za 16th.
Lingaliro lachiwiri ndilakuti mtunduwo udawonekera pambuyo pake, m'zaka za zana la 19, atayamba a ku France bocerons (French Shepherd Agalu Agalu, mtundu wakale komanso wosowa) ku America. Ndi mtundu galu wa kambuku ngati kuti zidachokera pakudutsa njuchi ndi mimbulu yofiira. Ngakhale ndizosamvetsetseka pang'ono, chifukwa nthawi yomweyo, aku France adawona kale agalu owoneka achilendo owonekera, ngati maso owoneka ngati galasi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Amwenye kusaka nyama m'dambo.
Lingaliro lachitatu limanena kuti zidachitika chifukwa chodutsa agalu achibadwidwe amwenye am'deralo mimbulu yofiira (wosakanizidwa wa nkhandwe imvi ndi nkhandwe, mbadwa za ku America, zomwe zasowa ndipo zalembedwa mu Red Book). Koma chiphunzitsochi sichikugwirizana ndi kusanthula kwamakono kwa DNA.
Ngakhale zitakhala zotani, mu 1979 boma la Louisiana lidalengeza kuti ndi chizindikiro chaboma pozindikira kufunikira kwa mtunduwu m'mbiri ya boma. Galu wa "olemekezeka ku Louisiana" amakumbukira kutukuka kwa boma lino.
Khalidwe
Catahouls ndiwanzeru kwambiri komanso amphamvu. Amakhala okhazikika komanso okhulupirika, amalumikizana, koma osachita chidwi, okangalika komanso osewera. Nthawi yomweyo, ndiwanzeru komanso osamala. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi chidwi, odziyimira pawokha, achikondi komanso odekha. Umunthu wa galu wa Catahula nyalugwe ingafotokozedwe ndi mawuwa: imagawanitsa anthu kukhala "ife" ndi "alendo".
Nthawi zina titha kuwonetsa kusalolera komanso kuchitirana nkhanza kwa alendo ndi agalu ena. Mwina catahula angawoneke ngati atapumulika pamsonkhano woyamba, koma sadzawonetsa mantha. Nthawi zina amatha kukumbukira mwadzidzidzi chibadwa chake chosaka ndikuukira ziweto - nkhuku kapena amphaka, ngakhale atakulira pafupi nawo.
Pofuna kupewa izi, m'pofunika kulera mwana wagalu nthawi ndi molondola. Kupatula apo, kuwonetseredwa kumawonekeranso kuti makalasi amaphunzitsidwa naye motere. Ndipo catahula ali ndi malingaliro otchera khutu, amaphunzira mosavuta zabwino ndi zoipa.
Agalu ambiri amakhala bwino ndi ana, kuwateteza pachiwopsezo chochepa. Kuphatikiza apo, amakonda ana monga chowonadi, ngakhale alendo. Koma achikulire osachokera ku "paketi yawo" amawopedwa nthawi zonse ndikusungidwa nawo. Ngakhale zabwino zambiri pamakhalidwe, atha kuwonetsa kuuma ndi kusamvera. Izi zitha kupewedwanso powonetsa utsogoleri wanu ngati mtsogoleri.
Mulimonsemo simuyenera kuwonetsa zachiwawa, galu amatha kukumbukira bwino komanso amadzipatsa ulemu. M'tsogolomu, chidaliro chake mwa inu chidzatha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sipadzakhalanso ubale ndi kudzipereka. Maphunziro osasintha okha.
Ndikofunikira kuchita makalasi ndikuphunzitsa galu kuyambira ali aang'ono kuti azitha kusintha chikhalidwe. Ndi maphunziro oyenera, osachita zankhanza, mutha kuthana ndi zovuta zonse pamakhalidwe. Tikukumbutseni kuti cholinga chawo choyambirira chinali kusaka nyama ya nguluwe, nswala, nkhandwe, komanso kuthandizira msipu.
Pakusaka, nthawi zambiri amasaka nyama mwakachetechete ndipo amayamba kukuwa pafupi nayo. Amasunga chirombocho, osayandikira pafupi nacho, kumangogwiritsa ntchito kukuwa ndi uthenga wankhanza. Podyetsa ng'ombe, amazigwiritsa ntchito kuti azisamalira komanso kuwopseza gulu.
Catahul nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito posaka ndi kupulumutsa komanso pamasewera agalu. Koma anthu ambiri ali ndi agalu odabwitsawa ngati achibale awo, anzawo komanso anzawo. Mwachidule, titha kunena molimba mtima kuti: Galu wa kambuku wa Catahula ndi mtundu wosiyanasiyana.
Zakudya zabwino
Zakudyazo zimakhala ndi 70-80 peresenti ya nyama zowonda. Komanso pamenyu pazikhalanso masamba, chimanga, mkaka, mazira. Mbatata ndi pasitala sangaperekedwe kopitilira kawiri pa sabata. Ngati mukudyetsa chakudya chachilengedwe, onjezerani mafuta a masamba kuti muwone, komanso mavitamini ndi michere yofunikira. Mutha kusankha chakudya chopangidwa ndi agalu okangalika.
Zosangalatsa zokha "premium" kapena "holistic" (kutengera zopangidwa mwachilengedwe). Zakudya zofunikira ndizoyenera kale pamenepo. Agalu aang'ono amadyetsedwa 3-4 pa tsiku, agalu akulu - kawiri patsiku. Palibe chifukwa chokhathamiritsa chiweto chanu ndi chakudya kuchokera patebulo panu, makamaka maswiti, mitanda, nyama zosuta komanso zakudya zamzitini. Zimakhudza m'mimba mwa galu ndipo zimatha kubweretsa matenda. Madzi atsopano ayenera kupezeka.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Choyambirira, musaiwale kuti iyi ndi galu wodabwitsa kwambiri ndipo mwini galu woyambira sayenera kuyambitsa mtundu uwu. koma Catahula ana agalu a kambuku zogwira mtima, ali ndi ubweya wokongola komanso wamaso apadera kotero kuti nkovuta kukana. Chifukwa chake, timapereka upangiri wofunikira kwambiri: simungathe kuphatikiza ma merles awiri mukamaswana.
Ngakhale kuti makolo adzakhala okongola kwambiri, ana amatha kukhala opunduka osasangalala - ogontha, akhungu kapena matenda ena amtundu. Ngakhale zonse zili bwino ndi thanzi lawo, atha kukula osalamulirika, aukali, kapena m'malo mwake amantha.
Mwachidule - majini samayitanitsa! "Mwana wamkazi wa Catahula" nthawi zambiri amabweretsedwera mkwati kuti adzakwatirane, ndizosavuta ngati wamwamuna ali mdera lake. Pali ana agalu 5-6 mu zinyalala. Aliyense atha kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mtundu wa malaya - pasipoti ya galu payekha. Avereji ya chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi pafupifupi zaka 11-14.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
Kusamalira tsitsi lalifupi lokongola ndikosavuta. Zokwanira nthawi zina, kamodzi kamodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri, kuti muzipukute ndi chopukutira chonyowa kapena dzanja lanu, chomwe chingakhale chosangalatsa kwambiri kwa galu. Nthawi zina mumatha kutikita minofu yolimba. Izi zichotsa tsitsi lochulukirapo ndikukanda mbali za chiweto chanu.
Munthawi ya kusungunuka, njira zoyeserera ziyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi - kawiri pa sabata. Malangizo onse, agalu ambiri - mano, maso, makutu. Chilichonse chiyenera kutsukidwa pafupipafupi. Ndibwino kuti muchepetse misomali ngati siyimatha mwachilengedwe. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kusunga galu m'nyumba, koposa zonse m'nyumba yanyumba, pomwe pali mwayi wambiri wakunja.
Njira yabwino ndiyo kukhala kwinakwake pamalo osakira kapena pafamu. Kumene kuli ntchito kwa iye. Komabe, ngati muli ndi nthawi yochuluka yoyenda naye kwanthawi yayitali, mwina amakuwona kukhala kosangalatsa mnyumbayo. Ayenera kutanganidwa ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuphunzitsa, ndikuphunzira malamulo osiyanasiyana.
Mwa njira, ndi mafani akulu okumba pabwalo. Siyani "masewera" otere, apo ayi gawo lanu lonse lidzakhala m'maenje. Ndipo upangiri wina - samakonda nyengo yozizira kwambiri, chifukwa malaya awo ndi achidule, chifukwa chake ndi bwino kuganizira izi.
Kuti tipeze galu woterewa ndi kofunikira kwa munthu amene ali ndi chidziwitso chokhudzidwa. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulumikizane ndi akatswiri odziwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo. Ali ndi mavuto azaumoyo:
- Ogontha ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda, zomwe zimawonetsedwa mwa agalu oyera, zimakhudzana ndi kupezeka kwa ma melanocytes mthupi. Chifukwa chake, posankha galu, m'pofunika kuwonera kuti pali zoyera pang'ono. Agaluwa ali ndi mwayi 80% wokhala osamva kapena osamva (osalunjika). Obereketsa amalimbitsa ana agonthi. Ngati makolo onse ndi Merle, ana awo ali ndi mwayi wokhala 25% wakhungu, wogontha, kapena onse awiri. Ana agalu otere amatchedwa "double merle".
- Hip dysplasia ndi matenda amtundu ndipo zimatengera udindo wa obereketsa. Malinga ndi Orthopedic Foundation for Animals, pafupifupi 20% ya catahoulas ali ndi matendawa. Ndikofunika kutenga x-ray panthawi yake ndikuwunikidwa ndi dokotala.
Mtengo
Choyamba, tikudziwitsani za zosayenera za mtundu uwu:
- Kupsa mtima kwambiri kapena manyazi kwambiri.
- Unilateral / bilateral cryptorchidism (osati kutsika kwa machende kupita kumalo, komwe machende amakhala kunja kwa minyewa).
- Kusamva kwamodzi / kwamayiko awiri.
- Kutalika ndi / kapena malaya amadzi.
- Oposa 90% azungu; mutu woyera kwathunthu; albino (yoyera kwathunthu);
- Kusapezeka kwathunthu kwa mchira;
- Makutu odulidwa.
Zolakwa zonsezi siziyenera kukhala galu yomwe mungasankhe. Mtundu uwu ndi wocheperako kunja kwa kwawo, chifukwa chake muyenera kusankha katemera wodalirika kapena woweta wodalirika.
Ma Kennels a galu wa kambuku wa Catahula amapezeka ku America, Germany, Czech Republic ndi mayiko ena. Mtengo wa galu wa Catahula nyalugwe akuyamba kuwerengera kuyambira $ 1000, ngakhale kuti nazale zambiri zimapereka ndalama zosachepera $ 1200.
Musaiwale za mtengo wa mayendedwe. Zonse zophatikizidwa, galu akhoza kukuwonongerani $ 1500-1600. Sizingakhale zopepuka kukukumbutsani kuti muyenera kuyang'ana zikalata zonse za galu mukamagula, kuphatikiza mitundu ya makolo komanso kupezeka kwa katemera.
Zosangalatsa
- Nthawi zina zimanenedwa za mtundu uwu wa agalu kuti ndi "mdierekezi". Kwenikweni, adalandira dzina lakutchulidwali chifukwa cha maso awo achilendo oundana. Koma osati kokha. Pofuna kukongola kwa malaya a "nyalugwe", obereketsa osayeruzika adasokoneza agalu osakanikirana mosasamala, zomwe zidapangitsa ana agalu kukhala ndi psyche yosakhazikika, yokwiya komanso yosalamulirika.Koma iwo sanali olakwa pa izi, adasokonezedwa ndi anthu.
- Zimadziwika kuti Theodore Roosevelt, Purezidenti wa 26 waku United States, anali ndi ulemu waukulu ku mtundu wa Catahula ndipo amawakhulupirira. Anangowagwiritsira ntchito posaka ndipo nthawi zambiri amagona ndi galu uyu kumapazi ake.
- Ku Winnfield, Louisiana, zochitika zimachitika pachaka kumapeto kwa sabata lachitatu mu Marichi ndi agalu akambuku a Catahula. Amatchedwa "Kuyesedwa kwa galu posaka nkhumba yotchedwa Amalume Earl." Kupatula agalu agalu, agalu ena osaka amatenga nawo gawo pamenepo. Amalume Earl ndi m'modzi mwa mabwanamkubwa odziwika kwambiri ku Louisiana, Earl a Kemp Long, yemwe amakhala kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900. Iye anali mlenje wokonda ndi kulimbikitsa agalu a kambuku a Catahula.
- Mu 2007, catahula adadziwika kuti ndi mascot pasukulu ya Louisiana State Centenary College.
- Catahula ndi galu wotsatira ndi kugwira nyama m'malo mwake. Sachita kuukira mwachindunji, chifukwa nthawi zambiri nyama yoyendetsedwa imatha kukhala yayikulu kwambiri kuposa iye. Chifukwa chake, ku Australia ndi kumwera kwa United States, a Catahula Bulldogs adawoneka - mtundu womwe umabwera chifukwa chakuwoloka kwa agalu osaka ndi American Bulldogs. Galu uyu ali ndi machitidwe abwino kwambiri amitundu yonse. Amatha kutsatira ndikuwukira.
