Dera la Stavropol ... "Zipata za Caucasus", iyi imadziwikanso kuti ndi nthaka yachonde. Dera lapadera ku Russia komwe mutha kuwona nthawi yachisanu chilimwe. Ili m'chigawo chapakati cha mapiri komanso kumpoto kwa Caucasus. Chigwa ndi mapiri pamalo amodzi, kumanja ndi kumanzere, atazunguliridwa ndi nyanja ziwiri, Black ndi Caspian.
Kum'mawa, mutha kukakumana ndi milu yodabwitsa ya mchenga m'mapululu, ndipo pafupi ndi Zheleznovodsk pitani kuphanga la permafrost. Zonsezi zimapangitsa nyengo yamderali kukhala yapadera. M'mapiri, ngakhale chilimwe, kutentha kumakhala pafupi ndi zikhalidwe za "firiji", pafupifupi + 5 ° C. Masika afika, momwe ayenera kukhalira, kwa miyezi itatu ndendende - kuyambira koyambirira kwa Marichi mpaka kumapeto kwa Meyi.
Kutentha panthawiyi ndi pafupifupi + 15 ° C. Koma chilimwe chimakhala chotentha, mpaka 40 ° C, koma pali mitsinje ndi nyanja zambiri mozungulira, zomwe zimayatsa kutentha uku. Mvula imagwa kugwa, ndipo chisanu choyamba chimagwa mu Novembala. Kufanana kwa 45th kwa chigawo chakumpoto kumadutsa Stavropol, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mzindawu uli pamtunda wofanana kuchokera ku North Pole komanso kuchokera ku equator. Awa ndi malo abwino kwambiri pano padziko lapansi.
Dera lokhala ndi malo abwino otere nthawi zonse limasiyanitsidwa ndi zokolola zochuluka za tirigu, ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso. Kuswana ziweto, makamaka, kuswana kwa nkhosa ndiimodzi mwazotukuka kwambiri ku Russia. Mwa njira, malo onse odziwika omwe ali ndi madzi azachipatala amapezeka makamaka m'chigawo cha Stavropol.
Kislovodsk, Pyatigorsk, Essentuki, Mineralnye Vody - awa ndi malo odziwika bwino omwe ali ndi akasupe amachiritso, komwe nzika za Russia ndi mayiko ena akhala akubwera kudzachiza matenda ambiri kwazaka zambiri. Mwachidule, titha kunena kuti dera lino ndi amodzi mwa omwe amatipatsa chakudya komanso ochiritsa.
Muyenera kuti mulowe mu mbiriyakale kuti mudziwe komwe dzinali limachokera ku mzinda waukulu wa dera lino. Pomwe Catherine Wachiwiri anali kumanga mpanda wakum'mwera kwa Ufumu wa Russia, gulu lankhondo lakutsogolo la Stavropol lidakhala lalikulu pamndandandawu. Malo ake abwino paphiri nthawi zonse amadziwika mzindawu, komanso ndi dera lino. "Diso loyang'ana Volga ndi Don", komanso malo okambirana zakale.
Panthawiyo, mfumukaziyi idachita chidwi ndi ufumu wa Byzantine, mizinda yambiri ili ndi mayina achi Greek. Stavropol - "City-cross" kapena "Krestograd" kumasulira kuchokera ku Greek. Malinga ndi nthano, a Cossacks, omwe anali kumanga gulu lankhondo loyamba, adapunthwa pamtanda wamiyala.
Chikhalidwe cha dera lino ndi chosiyana kwambiri. Kuchokera apa ndi Zinyama za m'dera la Stavropol amasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Pamapiri pali nkhalango zowola, mitengo ikuluikulu, mapiko a nyanga ndi mitengo ina yowuma imakula. Monga nkhalango zambiri, dziko lazinyama, zonse zomwe zimadya nyama yodya zinyama ndi nyama zodya nyama, limalamulira pano.
M'munsimu muli steppes. Mwa njira, ambiri a iwo amalimidwa, motero nyama zasunthira pang'ono. Komabe, malowa amatha kuonedwa ngati malo okhala mbewa. Pali mbalame zam'madzi ndi amphibiya m'madzi, madambo, m'mapiri amitsinje. Kuphatikizika kwapadera kwa mapiri ndi matsamba kwapangitsa kuti mitundu yambiri ya nyama ikhale yosangalatsa.
Ndikosatheka kunena mwatsatanetsatane za kusiyanasiyana konse kwanyama mchigawochi. Nyama za m'chigawo cha Stavropol choyimiridwa ndi mitundu yoposa 8 ya amphibians, mitundu 12 ya zokwawa, mitundu 90 ya zinyama ndi mitundu 300 kapena yopitilira mbalame.
Mitundu yambiri imabwerezedwa kumadera ena. Chifukwa chake, pambuyo poti kutchulidwako, ndikofunikira kukhala mwatsatanetsatane pa nyama zomwe ndizodziwika bwino m'malo amenewo. Ndipo samalirani kwambiri gulu lotere monga nyama za Red Book la Stavropol Territory.
Nyama za m'nkhalango ndi mapiri a Stavropol
Nguluwe zakutchire (Boar) - okhala mwamphamvu m'nkhalango ndi mano akulu, ndi zinthu zosakidwa. Ma artiodactyl omnivorous si nyama zowala. Zotanuka zimamangirira kumbuyo ngati mtundu wa mane womwe umatha kudzitukumula pakadali pano chisangalalo chachikulu. Mtundu wa malayawo ndi wakuda-bulauni komanso kusakanikirana kwa ocher.
Imatulutsa mawu osiyanasiyana, monga nkhumba yoweta, imatha kugawidwa, kuwopsa komanso kumenya nkhondo. Kutalika mpaka 175 cm, kutalika kumafota mpaka mita 1. Kulemera kwake kumatha kukhala mpaka 150 kg. Kukulitsa liwiro mpaka 40 km / h. Amasambira bwino. Kutha kukumba mtengo kuti ugwe. Chifukwa chaukali wake, ndibwino kuti asayende m'nkhalango. Zimakhala zofala kwambiri ndipo zimakhala ndi nthawi yosaka nyama.
Mimbulu ya ku Caucasus (nthawi zina amatchedwa Caspian Wolf). Wopyapyala, wolimba, khosi lalifupi, mchira wautali. Zilumba zaubweya wakuda zimabalalika m'thupi lonse, zomwe zimapanga mawonekedwe akuda kuposa anthu ena. Mwambiri, utoto umatha kutengedwa ngati imvi zofiira.
Pang'ono pang'ono abale kukula. Mapazi ake ndi opepuka kuposa thupi. Ubweya wonse umawoneka wopepuka m'nyengo yozizira. Amadyetsa nyama zakutchire ndi zoweta, zipatso ndi zipatso. Nthawi zina anthu amapitilira malire ovomerezeka, mimbulu imayamba kuyambitsa mavuto ndi kuwukira kwawo. Kenako kuwombera kwa nyamazi kumalengezedwa kamodzi. Mwambiri, ndizofala.
Zimbalangondo zofiirira (Buku Lofiira). Nyama yamphamvu, yamphamvu yokhala ndi ubweya wakuda, thupi lalikulu. Pambuyo pa kubisala, kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi makilogalamu 100, ndipo pofika nthawi yophukira imakula ndi 20%. Amapezeka m'nkhalango ndi m'madambo. Amakhala zaka 35.
Mphaka wamtchire wa ku Caucasus (Red Book - KK, kuchokera pano) ikuyimira banja lachiweto, lofanana kwambiri ndi mphaka wamkulu wazinyama. Ubweya ndi mbalame, imvi yambiri ndi yofiira, utoto wachikasu, pamakhala mikwingwirima m'mbali ndi kumbuyo. "Vaska Cat", wokulirapo wokulirapo.
Gadaur chipale chofewa amafanana ndi hamster, amakhala m'malo amiyala kapena m'nkhalango. Chiwonongeko chikuletsedwa. Wolembetsedwa mu Red Book.
Zinawoneka Mphepete mwa Caucasus mdera lamapiri, koma awa ndi milandu imodzi.
Ankhandwe ku Ciscaucasia ndiyocheperako pang'ono poyerekeza ndi zigawo zakumpoto. Mitundu yofala kwambiri imakhala yofiira ndi mabere oyera. Madeti osakira ayikidwa nkhandwe, koma gulu ili silimachokera ku Red Book.
Mbawala, hares, mphalapala - sizimayambitsa nkhawa ngati nyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha ndipo zingakhale zosangalatsa kwa osaka, atalandira chiphaso.
Nyama za steppes ndi theka-zipululu za dera la Stavropol
Mu steppe, chipululu, komanso kusintha kwa nkhalango kupita ku steppe, pali ma jerboas, ma voles, agologolo agulu, ma hedgehogs opindika, ma weasel, ma saigas, nkhandwe zamchenga ndi nyama zina zambiri zosangalatsa.
Jerboas amayenda ndi miyendo yawo yakumbuyo polumpha, amatha kufikira liwiro la 50 km / h. Nyama izi ndizosungulumwa. Amalumikizana ndi abale awo panthawi yokhwima. Amakhala osamala komanso olimba. Amathamanga pafupifupi 4 km usiku. Omnivorous, ali ndi ma rhizomes, mababu, mbewu, tizilombo, mphutsi pa menyu.
Weasel amakonda malo. Koma kumunda akufunafuna malo ogona pakati pa miyala. Nyama yolusa yomwe imadziwika chifukwa chofuna kukhetsa magazi. Imakhala yotalika mpaka masentimita 20. Imasaka usana ndi usiku, imasambira ndikukwera mitengo chimodzimodzi. Iye sali wamanyazi, koma mosiyana. Sathawa munthu, ndipo akagwidwa, amatha kumenya. Amadyetsa mbewa, nkhuku, makoswe, mapadi, achule ndi njoka.
Mchenga nkhandwe-korsak Kuchokera ku banja la agalu kapena zingwe, amakhala m'chigwa, amakhala momasuka m'chipululu ndi m'chipululu, ndi wocheperako kuposa nkhandwe wamba, ali ndi mphuno yayifupi, makutu akulu, miyendo yayitali, pafupifupi 30 cm wamtali, akulemera makilogalamu 5.5 mpaka 6.
Anapanga hedgehog amakhala ku steppe. Palibe zambiri, ndizofanana ndi mahedgehogs wamba, koma ndimakutu akulu kwambiri. Amasaka usiku. Amadyetsa tizilombo. Amalekerera kutentha bwino.
Masana gerbil - mbewa yokhala ndi utoto wofiira wagolide, Chisa gerbil ali ndi khungu lakuda.
Mu Bukhu Lofiira:
Saiga (saiga antelope), Nyama yaying'ono yokhala ndi mphuno ngati thunthu ndi makutu ozungulira. Zokongola, ngati nyanga zazitali zopindika, zimapezeka mwa amuna okhaokha, komanso ndizokulirapo kuposa zazikazi. Amakonda mapiri ndi zipululu.
Mchenga wa mchenga amakhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi m'malo ouma. Zimakhala zosangalatsa usiku.
Steppe ferret (osowa kwambiri) watsala pang'ono kutha, chifukwa chakukula kwathunthu kwa ma steppe. Amakhalanso chinthu chosakira kwambiri. Ali ndi ubweya wokongola wamtengo wapatali.
Hamster Radde mbewa zazing'ono, mpaka masentimita 28, mchira kutalika mpaka masentimita 1.5. Pamwambapa pamakhala bulauni, pamimba pamakhala chakuda kapena chakuda. Mawanga owala pamasaya ndi kumbuyo kwamakutu. Idafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1894 ndi wolemba zachilengedwe waku Russia a Gustav Radde. Tsopano yaphatikizidwa mu Red Book.
Mink waku Europe waku Caucasus, nyama yapadera ya mtundu wake. Yapulumuka kokha m'malo osungidwa, ngakhale kumalo osungira nyama. Nyama yodya banja la weasel. Amakhala kumapiri a North Caucasus. Chinyama chaching'ono chokhala ndi miyendo yaying'ono, thupi lokhalitsa komanso mchira waung'ono wofewa. Makutu ndi ang'ono, ozungulira, osawoneka bwino kuchokera kuubweya. Ubweyawo ndi waufupi, wandiweyani komanso wamtengo wapatali. Mtunduwo umakhala wabulauni mwachilengedwe, pamakhala bere loyera. Imayandikira pafupi ndi matupi amadzi (CC).
Steppe pestle... Ndodo yaying'ono yokhala ndi mchira wawung'ono mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 12. Makutu ndi ochepa, osawoneka kwenikweni, thupi ndi miyendo ndizokuta kwathunthu ndi tsitsi laimvi, mzere wakuda pamphepete.
Akhungu (chimphona chachikulu) ndi mbewa yamagulu oyamwitsa. Kukula kwa 33-35 cm, amalemera pafupifupi 1 kg, thupi lokhazikika, mano owonekera bwino, opanda maso ndi makutu. Imakhala yopanda chitetezo ku nkhandwe, amphaka ndi nyama zina zolusa.
Mtunduwo ndi bulauni kumbuyo kwake komanso bulauni wonyezimira pamimba. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, nthata zomwe zimakhalapo nawonso ndi akhungu. Ena amamuwona ngati mole, koma izi ndi zolakwika, mole ndi wochokera kubanja la tizilomboto, ndipo makoswe amachokera ku makoswe.
Nyama zam'madzi zamchigawo cha Stavropol
Imodzi mwa nyama zokongola kwambiri koma zosowa ndi Katchi wamtchire wa ku Caucasus... Anakhazikika m'nkhalango zosadutsa pafupi ndi matupi amadzi. Pewani malo obisika osabisika ndi tchire. Ndiwosaka usiku komanso mthunzi. Amamva bwino, koma fungo silikula kwenikweni. Ili ndi miyendo yaitali koma mchira waufupi.
Anthu angapo anapulumuka. Chofunika kwambiri ndilopanda phokoso, zomwe ndizodabwitsa kwa okonda nyama. Zinyama zolusa za m'dera la Stavropolamakhala pafupi ndi madzi nthawi zambiri amakhala omnivorous. Amadyetsa chilichonse chomwe chimayenda, komanso pazocheperako. Mphaka uwu umadya makoswe, mbalame, zokwawa.
Chisoti cha ku Caucasus. Wamkulu kwambiri amphibian ku Russia, kukula kwake kumafika masentimita 13, kulanda sikuletsedwa, ndikutetezedwa (CC).
Asia Minor chule, (KK), nyama yosowa. Mdani wamkulu ndi nkhandwe yamizeremizere.
Chule wamba wamtengo, amphibiyani wopanda mchira, wobiriwira wowala ndi mimba yachikaso. Gulu 3 KK.
Lanza's newt amakhala m'nkhalango pafupi ndi matupi amadzi. Iye ali pansi pa chitetezo chifukwa cha ziwopsezo zakutha. Kumene akukhala, anthu akuchepetsa ziwombankhanga zamizeremizere, mdani wake wamkulu (CC)
Otter wa ku Caucasus. Ndi nyama yotalikirapo ndi thupi lokhathamira, miyendo yayifupi ndi mchira wonenepa komanso wolobodoka pang'ono. Kutalika kwa thupi mpaka masentimita 75, mchira kutalika mpaka masentimita 50. Mphuno ndi wakuthwa, wamfupi, makutu sangawonekere pamwamba pa ubweya pamutu. Pamwamba pake pamakhala bulauni yakuda, wonyezimira, pansi pake pali utoto wowala, wokhala ndi utoto wonyezimira.
Amakhala mumtsinje wa Kuma m'chigawo cha Pyatigorsk ndi Budyonnovsk. Sankhani mapiri ndi mapiri omwe akuyenda mofulumira omwe saundana nthawi yozizira. Komabe, imatha kukhala pafupi ndi malo osungiramo zinthu komanso nyanja. Amasaka nthawi yamadzulo komanso usiku. Chakudyacho chimayang'aniridwa ndi nsomba, koma chimatha kugwira makoswe, mbalame, ndi achule. Amakhala m'mabowo omanga zovuta.
Kuphatikiza pa dzenje lalikulu, amamanganso chipinda cholowera ndi chisa. Nthawi yoswana imayamba nthawi yachilimwe. Pali ana awiri mwa ana, omwe amakhala ndi makolo awo mpaka nthawi yophukira. Mu Red Book of Stavropol mgulu lachitatu, udindo wa nyama yosowa.
Anthu akuwopsezedwa ndi kuthirira, kuwononga mitsinje komanso kuwononga nyama. Tsopano akuyesera kuti abereke mwachinyengo, akumenya nkhondo molimbika kuti athane ndi kuzembera. Amapangitsanso malo otetezedwa m'malo okhala.
Mbalame
Mbalame yokongola kwambiri nkhono pinki, ali pachiwopsezo chotheratu. Kukula kwa thupi 1.5-1.6 m. Nthenga zosakhwima kwambiri, zoyera m'mawa - zoyera ndi kulocha kwapinki. Zopezeka pa Nyanja Manychskoye ndi Chongraiskoye Reservoir (KK).
Bakha... Mbalame yam'madzi ya banja la bakha. Kukula kwake kumakhala kocheperako, mpaka masentimita 45, utoto wojambulidwa kumbuyo kwake, pamimba pamakhala bulauni. Mutu ndi wotuwa kapena yoyera. Amuna ali ndi mzere wakuda pakhosi pawo, mulomo wabuluu (CC).
Nkhono yotulutsa peregine... Mbalame yolusa yochokera kubanja la mphamba. Kukula mpaka theka la mita, mapiko mpaka 1.5 mita. Chofunika chake kwambiri ndikuthamanga kwambiri. Imafulumira mpaka 300 km paola. Chifukwa chake, sitima yathu yothamanga kwambiri ku Moscow - St. Petersburg idatchedwa "Sapsan" (KK).
Dambo tirkushka, Nthenga zokhala ngati nthenga. Thupi lake ndi 25 cm mpaka 28 masentimita kukula, bulauni pamwamba, bere ndi lachikasu, ndipo pakhosi pake pali kolala yokongola ya mandimu yokhala ndi malire akuda. Zili ngati nyerere yayikulu, makamaka pothawa (CC).
Kadzidzi... Mmodzi mwa oimira zikuluzikulu. Yolembedwa ku CC ya Stavropol Territory. Kukula kwake mpaka masentimita 65, bulauni yakuda ndi mikwingwirima yosiyanasiyana ndi maimbidwe oyera ndi akuda (CC).
Dokowe wakuda, mphalapala wochenjera, wakuda. Imakhazikika m'mitengo yayitali, chiwerengerochi chikuchepa chifukwa chodula mitengo komanso kumanga mizere yamagetsi (KK).
Steppe mphungu - mbalame yonyada yodya zazikulu zazikulu ndi mlomo wakuthwa (CC Stavropol).
Kadzidzi wamfupi, mbalame yokhala ndi timabowo ting'onoting'ono ta nthenga zosawerengeka pafupi ndi makutu. Pamwamba pake pamapangidwa utoto wa dzimbiri, wokhala ndi mawanga akuda ndi kowala. Imasankha madambo otseguka, omnivorous (CC Stavropol).
Wopanda - lalikulu nthenga banja cranes, kulemera kwa 16 makilogalamu. Zimakhala kukula kwa steppe, zimathamanga kwambiri ndipo zimadziwa kubisala bwino, komwe kumathandizidwa ndi mtundu wa motley (nthenga zakuda-zoyera-zofiira) (CC Stavropol).
Wopanda pafupi ndi nkhuku zoweta kukula, koma zimawoneka ngati khola. Kumbuyo ndi kumutu kuli kofiira. Chifuwacho ndi choyera, pali mikwingwirima yambiri yakuda pakhosi
Crane ya Demoiselle ntchentche yaying'ono kwambiri, kutalika kwa 90 cm, imalemera kuchokera pa 2.8 mpaka 3 kg. Makamaka yoyera, pali malo okongola a nthenga zakuda pamutu, m'khosi ndi m'mapiko. Kuzungulira maso ndi utoto wonyezimira, mkamwa mulinso madera amtundu uwu. Mlomo ndi waufupi, wachikasu (CC Stavropol).
Kuyikidwa m'manda chilombo chachikulu chokhala ndi nthenga. Kukula kwake kumayambira 80 cm, nthawi zina mpaka 90-95 cm. Mapikowo amatenga mpaka 2 m 15. cm akuthawa. Amalemera pafupifupi 5 kg, ndipo akazi ndi akulu kuposa amuna. Mtundu wa nthengawo ndi bulauni yakuda, pafupi ndi wakuda, wokhala ndi zilumba zoyera chipale pachifuwa ndi mapiko. Mchira ndi wofiirira (CC Stavropol).
Chiwombankhanga ili ndi nthenga zofiira, zimamatira ku steppe, chipululu ndi nkhalango (KK Stavropol).
Mbalame zam'mapiri
Anthu a ku Caucasus Ular, wotchedwanso phiri Turkey, wachibale wa pheasant, amafanana ndi khola ndi nkhuku zoweta (CC Stavropol).
Anthu akuda aku Caucasus, wokhala ndi nthenga wakuda wakuda, wokhala ndi buluu ngati zilumba zosiyana. Mchira ndi mapiko amakongoletsedwa ndi mawanga oyera. Mbali yapadera ndi nsidze zofiira. Kawirikawiri, olembedwa mu KK.
Ndevu zamphongo, ndi chiwombankhanga, mapiko ndi mchira wokhala ndi nsonga zakuthwa, nthenga pa iwo ndipo mbali ina yakumbuyo ndi yakuda, chifuwa ndi mutu ndi beige wopepuka. Mikwingwirima yakuda pafupi ndi maso (CC Stavropol).
Mphungu ya Griffon mbalame yolusa Iyenso ndi wokhadzula. Ndi wakuda kwambiri, m'malo oyandikira kwambiri wakuda, bere, khosi ndi mutu ndizoyera. Mlomo ndi wotakata komanso wamphamvu (CC).
Zokwawa
Anapanga mutu wozungulira, yaying'ono, mpaka masentimita 20, buluzi wokhala ndi njira zazikulu pamutu, mofanana ndi makutu akulu ozungulira. Wolemba mu QC.
Buluzi wa thanthwe mpaka 18 cm kukula, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a thupi, magawo awiri mwa atatu amchira. Lathyathyathya mutu, amakhala m'mapiri. Wolemba mu QC.
Chingwe chopepuka... Buluzi, pafupi ndi oponda mabodza. Kawirikawiri mokwanira. Kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 27 cm, mchira mpaka 18 cm (CC).
Njoka ya azitona... Woimira njoka osowa kwambiri, adapatsidwa gawo 0 ku CC. Mwinanso mitundu yomwe idazimiririka kale. Kutalika 90 cm, mtundu - mawonekedwe osangalatsa amtundu wabuluu ndi maolivi (CC)
Steppe agama, buluzi wosowa kwambiri mpaka 25 cm, womwe masentimita 15 ndi kutalika kwa mchira. Mutu ndi wofanana ndi mtima, wamtali. Mtunduwo ndi wotuwa. Cage Back Ornament (CC)
Buluzi wamizere, mitundu yambiri. Amakhala m'malo otseguka okhala ndi masamba a herbaceous ndi shrub. Ndi wautali masentimita 34. Thupi limagawika mtundu ndi zidutswa ziwiri - kuyambira kumutu mpaka pakati pa thupi - lobiriwira lowala, ndikupitilira, mpaka kumapeto kwa mchira - imvi. Ndipo chilichonse chimakhala ndi madontho ang'onoang'ono, monga mawonekedwe.
Buluzi wopanda magazi (wamba wachikasu wa nsomba)... Buluzi wamkulu, mpaka 50 cm kukula, mchira mpaka masentimita 75. Mtundu wa thupi - bulauni-bulauni, mukachipinda kakang'ono. Wolemba mu QC.
Malinga ndi zomwe zaperekedwa, mitundu yosawerengeka kwambiri idapezeka pano - Njoka ya buluzi... Iyi ndi njoka ya banja la njoka, idawoneka kasanu ndi kawiri ku Stavropol Territory. Imafikira 2 mita m'litali, oviparous. Ndiwokha siowopsa, koma amatha njoka zina, ngakhale zoyizoni.
Za poyizoni mu Red Book adatchulidwa njoka ya kum'mawa, kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita 73.5. Khosi limasiyanitsa mutu wolimba. Mtunduwo ndi wobiriwira-wobiriwira, kumbuyo kuli zokongoletsa zokongola za zigzag. Kuphatikiza pamapiri a Greater Caucasus, imatha kukhala m'nkhalango kum'mwera ndi kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Europe, dera la Sarepta ku Lower Volga, Central ndi Central Asia, kumwera kwa Siberia ndi Kazakhstan. Zowoneka bwino. Kukokota kumayendedwe amitsinje, zigwa zaudzu, nkhalango zomwe zimasefukira ndi malo otsetsereka amiyala.
Tizilombo
Karakurt... Cholengedwa ichi ndi cha mtundu wa arachnids, womwe umapatsidwa dzina loti "wamasiye wakuda". Zili zakuda, ndipo zazikazi zimadya zazikazi zitakwatirana. Chizindikiro chapadera ndimabala ofiira pamimba. Kukula kwazimayi kumakhala mpaka masentimita 2-3. Mwamunawo amakhala wamasentimita 1. Ngati mkazi alibe mawanga ofiira pamimba pake, ndiye kuti ndi wowopsa! (QC)
Mabulosi abulu a Ciscaucasian... Lepidoptera, wokongola kwambiri. Kuphatikizidwa mgulu la 1 la QC. Kutalika kwa mapiko mpaka 16 mm, kutalika kwake - 30 mm. (QC)
Zegris Euphema, gulugufe woyera wokhala ndi mapiko otalika mpaka masentimita 4. Mtundu wa mapikowo ndi oyera, pamapiko apamwamba pali mawanga achikasu ndi achikuda (CC).
Zernithia Polyxena... Gulugufe wapabwato, amatambasula mapiko ake mpaka masentimita 5.6. Kukongola kowala ndi mitundu ngati amphora akale. (QC).
Bumblebee wachisoni, kuyambira 1.5 mpaka 2 cm kutalika, ogwira ntchito ndi ocheperako, mpaka 1 cm, pamimba wakuda, thupi lokutidwa ndi ubweya wachikaso wonyezimira. Mumakhala mapiri ndi madambo m'nkhalango. Wokonda kutentha, amabisala m'malo obisalamo.
Wothandizira pakuyendetsa mungu, kuphatikizapo zaulimi. Chifukwa chiyani dzina lotere silikudziwika bwino, mwina chifukwa cha mawu otsika omwe amatulutsa. Likukhalira mawu kukhumudwa pang'ono. Kapena mwina chifukwa chakuti watsala pang'ono kutha, adatchulidwa mu KK.
Utawaleza wa Xylocopa, banja la njuchi. Ma xylocopes ang'ono kwambiri ku Russia. Kutalika mpaka 1.8 cm. Mapiko amtundu wakuda ndi utoto wofiirira (CC).
Mileme
Mleme wamadzi, mleme wochokera kubanja losalala bwino, adalembedwa mu Red Book. Kukula pang'ono, kuyambira 4.8 mpaka 5 cm, utoto wamitundu yamchenga yakuda ndi kulocha kofiirira. Amapezeka kumadera akumwera kwa derali (KK).
Mleme wamakutu akuthwa... Mileme ndi ochokera kubanja losalala bwino. Mitundu yowopsa, yomwe imapezeka mu Red Book. Njenjete ndi yayikulu kuposa ena onse pabanjapo. Kutalika kwa mikono yake kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 6. Ndi chojambulidwa mumitundu yakuda bulauni ndi imvi-bulauni (CC).
Mapiko ataliatali... Mleme ndi waung'ono, kuyambira masentimita 5.5 mpaka 6. Chovalacho ndi chamdima wakuda, kuchokera ku imvi-bulauni mpaka bulauni yakuda. Amakhala kumapiri. Atatsala pang'ono kutha (CC).
Zinyama zodziwika bwino zomwe zimakhala mu Stavropol Territory
Kubwerera m'masiku a USSR, nutria, galu wa raccoon, squirrel wa Altai, marmot a Altai, nswala za sika, agwape agalu adakwaniritsidwa. Amakhala kuthengo, koma anthu awo sakutukuka kwenikweni.
Nutria mbalame yam'madzi yolemera mpaka makilogalamu 12, mpaka masentimita 60. Akazi ndiocheperako kuposa amuna. Ali ndi ubweya wakuda wokulirapo komanso mchira wosalala wosalala, womwe "amalamulira" posambira. Imakhazikika pafupi ndi madzi, ndi thermophilic, koma imathanso kupirira chisanu mpaka madigiri 35.
Galu wa Raccoon — wodya nyama ya agalu kapena zamankhwala. Zimasiyana ndi omnivorousness. Akumba mabowo oti azikhalamo. Mwamaonekedwe zimawoneka ngati raccoon ndi nkhandwe nthawi yomweyo.
Gologolo wa Altai, wokulirapo kuposa gologolo wamba, amakhala ndi ubweya wakuda bulauni, nthawi zina pafupifupi wamtundu wa malasha wokhala ndi buluu. M'nyengo yozizira, chovalacho chimawala ndipo chimakhala choyera. Nyama yamtchire, imakhala pakati pa mitengo yamapaini ndi thundu.
Chiwombankhanga cha Altai mbewa zazikulu zolemera mpaka 9 kg. Mwini chovala chotalika chakuda cha chikasu cha beige, m'malo ena okhala ndi mithunzi yakuda.
Gwape wobadwira... Amakhala munyama zakutchire pafupifupi zaka 15-16. Amakhala m'nkhalango, makamaka m'nkhalango za thundu. Mtundu wowala kwambiri wa thupi nthawi yotentha - waukuluwo ndi ofiira-ofiira, malo oyera oyera thupi lonse. M'nyengo yozizira, mtundu wa malaya amazimiririka ndikuwala. Mwinanso kuti asamawonekere.
Roe, nyamayi ya banja la agwape. Ubweyawo ndi wofiyira kapena wofiyira kwambiri nthawi yotentha, wotuwa m'nyengo yozizira. Amuna okha ndi omwe ali ndi nyanga. Yololedwa ngati chinthu chosaka.
Mwambiri, Stavropol Territory ili ndi malo osakira bwino, komwe mungasakire nguluwe, muskrat, pheasant. Mutha kupeza laisensi yosakira nkhandwe, nkhandwe, marten, mbalame zam'madzi, kalulu ndi gologolo wamtchire.
Nyama zaulimi ku Stavropol Territory amaimiridwa makamaka ndi ng'ombe zodziwika bwino. Pali mitundu yoweta nyama: Kalmyk, Hereford, Kazakh yoyera mutu, limousine, ndi mitundu ya mkaka: Holstein, wakuda-ndi-woyera, wofiira, Yaroslavl, Ayshir, Jersey.
Nkhumba, mbuzi, nkhuku, nkhuku, abakha ndi nkhosa zimabweretsedwanso kumeneko. Kuswana kwa nkhosa ndi amodzi mwa malo odziwika bwino odyetsera ziweto mdera la Stavropol. Nkhosa zimayimilidwa ndi mitundu yotsatirayi: Manych merino, merino yanyama yaku Russia, merino ya Dzhalginsky, Stavropol, merino yaku Soviet, ubweya wanyama waku North Caucasus.
Amakhalanso ndi mahatchi - Arabia, Akhal-Teke, ophunzitsidwa bwino, Karachai, Oryol. Ndipo, pamapeto pake, njuchi zabwino za Carpathian zimafusidwa kumeneko. Tsopano pa intaneti mutha kupeza malonda azogulitsa ziweto zoweta, makamaka akutchulidwa kuti ndi ochokera ku Stavropol.
Amakhulupirira kuti anthuwa ndiodalirika kwambiri, olimba, opindulitsa komanso opindulitsa. Ma Gobies ndi ana amphongo onenepa akhoza kugulidwa ma ruble 11,000. Amafesa ndi ana a nkhumba - mpaka ma ruble 27,000, mbuzi yokhala ndi ana - mpaka ma ruble 10,000, ndi ana ankhosa - 1,500-2,000 ruble.
Tsopano talingalirani zomwe mwapemphedwa kuti muchite zithunzi za nyama ku Stavropol Territory... Iwalani zazing'ono zazing'ono, ana agalu, ana a nkhumba, ana ankhosa ndi ziweto zina zokongola koma wamba. Mofulumira yesani kugwira zolengedwa zomwe zimasowa mosavuta ngati chikumbutso. Buluzi, kangaude, mileme kapena mbalame - awa ndi mitundu yanu, amatha kukulemekezani. Ndani akudziwa, mwina chithunzi chanu chidzakhala chomaliza pamitundu ina.
Red Book of Stavropol, mwatsoka, ndiyotakata. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kulabadira zachilengedwe. Ntchito zokopa alendo, chitukuko chaulimi, ntchito zopumulira, zina zomangira - zonsezi ndi zabwino, koma zitha kukhala zowopsa pagulu lofooka.Zinyama zambiri ku Stavropol Territory»
Pali kale maboma 16 m'boma la Stavropol. Yaikulu kwambiri mwa iwo "Aleksandrovsky", ili ndi dera la mahekitala 25,000. Ndili m'dera la nkhalangoyi pomwe pali "Stone Sheds" yotchuka komanso nkhalango yokongola, yomwe ndi chipilala chachilengedwe, chotchedwa Oak.
Mu 2018, chikondwerero cha 10th chaboma choteteza zachilengedwe ku Stavropol Territory adakondwerera. Timakonda dziko lathu kwambiri, ngodya iliyonse imatha kukhala yokongola komanso yosangalatsa kuposa zowonera, koma zowonera alendo. Dera la Stavropol nthawi zambiri limakhala godend ya alendo.
Apa Asikuti ndi Asarmatiya "adadziwika", Great Silk Road idadutsa pano, ndipo Golden Horde adasiya zipilala zomangamanga ndi makina a ceramic. Koma mphatso yayikulu ndipadera. Chifukwa chake, ntchito yathu sikukulitsa masamba a Red Book of the Stavropol Territory, ndiwokulirapo kale.
