Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Pali malingaliro kuti chofunikira pakukhalanso ndi zamoyo zilizonse m'chilengedwe ndicholimbana cha tsiku ndi tsiku komanso chosagwirizana. Ndipo nthawi zina zimawoneka zomveka, ngakhale zowonekeratu.
Zowonadi, kuti apulumuke, nyama zakutchire ziyenera kugonjetsa malo otentha pansi pano, kuwonjezera pakupeza chakudya komanso nthawi yomweyo kuti zisakhale chakudya cha ena omwe ali ndi ludzu lopeza zokwanira.
Zomwe chisinthiko sichinabwere ", kufunafuna kupatsa zolengedwa zake mwayi wopita patsogolo ndikupambana. Ena amathamanga kwambiri, ena amauluka m'mwamba, ndipo ena amakhala ndi mano akuthwa kwambiri komanso ali ndi kamwa yayikulu.
Ndipo zonsezi ndizothandiza kuthana ndi kuwononga adani anu. Mitundu ina siyidziwa momwe imamenyera, koma imatha kusintha. Ena mwa iwo ndi aluso, ena ndi gulu komanso ochezeka, ndipo ena alinso anzeru monga munthu.
Amakhulupirira kuti kulimbana ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri kwakhala gawo lolimbikitsira thanzi la zamoyo. Ndipo kufunitsitsa kupulumuka, kumatsimikiziranso moyo wautali. Anthu ambiri amaganiza choncho.
Komabe, cholengedwa chodzichepetsa, chamanyazi komanso chete - kuwomba mbama kunakhala umboni wowonekeratu kuti malingaliro awa ndi achangu kwambiri. Satha kuthamanga mwachangu, samatha kuuluka, alibe mano akuthwa, samenya nkhondo ndi adani, sadziwa zambiri, sakhala mgulu laubwenzi, alibe ubongo wopita patsogolo, komanso alibe mutu.
Koma nthawi yomweyo, chilengedwechi chimakhala ndi mbiri yayitali. Msinkhu wa nkhono zoterezi ndiwofunika kwambiri kuposa zaka zambiri zapadziko lapansi, ndi wocheperapo kawiri kuposa ngakhale munthu.
Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa munthu wamanyazi wopanda vuto wotere ndichabwino. Nthawi zonse pamakhala chakudya chokwanira kwa iye, zinthu zina zonse. Samakumana ndi mavuto komanso matenda, mwina chifukwa choti alibe chilichonse chovutikira komanso kudwala nacho.
Zamoyo zoterezi zimakhala makamaka kumpoto kwa kontinenti yaku America, komanso makamaka kugombe lakumadzulo. Mu chithunzi chotsogola ndizotheka kulingalira momwe zimawonekera zachilendo. Thupi lake lonse limapangidwa ndi ziwalo ziwiri zosavuta.
Choyamba ndi chipolopolo chosalimba. Ndi yaying'ono poyerekeza ndi dera lina ndipo imakhala pafupifupi masentimita 20. Zimanenedwa kuti asayansi atha kupeza chidziwitso chofunikira pakusintha kwanyengo powerenga mphete zake.
Gawo lachiwiri la malangizo ndi losangalatsa kwambiri ndipo limakula mwa munthu wamkulu mpaka mita kapena kupitilira apo. Poganizira kukula ndi mawonekedwe achilendo, sizosadabwitsa kuti anthu ambiri amamva kulingalira pakuwona chiwalo ichi.
Nthawi zambiri, ngakhale china chosayenera kwenikweni chimawonekera. Ndiye amene ali ndi malingaliro okwanira ndi chiyani. Mphekesera zotchuka, mwachitsanzo, zapatsa gawo ili la thupi dzina loti "thunthu la njovu". Ili ndi dzina la zolengedwa izi, ndipo amatchedwanso "Royal mollusks" chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kodabwitsa, chifukwa maupangiri amalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka, koma izi sizingachitike.
Komabe, mayina apamwambawa alibe chochita ndi dzina logwiritsiridwa ntchito kwambiri la mollusk, lomwe limabwerekedwa kwa Amwenye aku Nisquali. Ndi Achimereka Achimereka omwe adapatsa cholengedwa ichi ulemu "Kukumba Kwambiri".
Zimakhudzana mwachindunji ndi njira yamoyo komanso mawonekedwe ofunikira azinthuzi. Dzinali lili mchilankhulo cha mbadwa zanzeru ndipo limatchulidwa kuti chitsogozo... Tiyeni tiwunikenso kuti mosiyana ndi zomwe zimawonekera, gawo lalitali la thupi lomaliza si thunthu, kapena china chilichonse chomwe chimayimilidwa.
Ndi mwendo, ndipo ndi yekhayo m'chilengedwechi, koma wothandizira. Akatswiri a zamoyo amatcha siphon, ndipo ili ndi zigawo ziwiri zolimba, kunja kwake zikufanana ndi mfuti. Chiwalo ichi chimagwira ntchito zambiri: kuyambira kudyetsa ndi kupuma mpaka kuyenda koyambirira ndi kubereka.
Mitundu
Zolembedwazi ndizolengedwa za bivalve molluscs (mawu achiwiri amatanthauziridwa ngati ofewa). Izi ndi zamoyo zokhala pansi, zomwe thupi lawo limakula kuchokera ku chipolopolo, chopangidwa ndi mavavu awiri, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ofanana komanso kukula kwake. Izi zikutanthauza kuti abale apafupi kwambiri a malangizo ndi ma scallops, mussels, oysters.
Chodziwika bwino mwazinthu izi ndikosapezeka, koyambirira, kwamutu, komanso ziwalo zina zambiri zomwe zimawoneka zofunikira komanso zofunikira pazinthu zovuta kwambiri. Komabe, ma bivalve amatha kuchita popanda iwo. Zakhalapo bwino padziko lapansi kwazaka mazana asanu, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mitundu yawo pafupifupi 10 zikwi.
Guidaka chipolopolo ndipo abale otchulidwa amamangidwa kuchokera ku calcium carbonate. Koma mwa achibale ambiri, zitseko za nyumbayo, mbali imodzi, zomangirizidwa ndi chingwe chotanuka, zimatha kutsekedwa mbali inayo, kubisa thupi lalikulu pakagwa ngozi. Komabe, malangizowo amakula kwambiri kotero kuti sangathe kuchitanso izi. Ndicho chifukwa chake zimawoneka zoyambirira komanso mosiyana ndi nkhono wamba.
Mitundu yayikulu yaku North America, yokhala ndi dzina lofananalo "guidak" yokhala ndi nthumwi yapadera kwambiri ya nyama, idakhazikika pagombe la Pacific. Mitundu yofananira, yomwe ambiri amadziwika, amakhala m'nyanja yomweyo, koma amapezeka pagombe lina, makamaka ku South America, Japan ndi New Zealand. Onsewa ndi amtundu wa Panopea. Dzina lokongolali lidatengedwa kuchokera ku nthano zakale zachi Greek ndipo limagwirizana ndi dzina la mulungu wamkazi wam'nyanja.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Ngakhale ma mollusk ambiri, mwachitsanzo, scallops, abale ake a malangizo, sangathe kuyenda osayenda ndipo amatha kusambira mwamphamvu. Ayenera kuchita izi kuti asakhale chakudya chamadzulo. Komabe, apa nanunso, chitsogozo chimakhala chosangalatsa kupatula achibale omwe akuchita.
Izi zokumba zakale kwambiri, zomwe sizinasiye nyanja yam'mphepete mwa moyo wawo wonse, zimatha kukhala zaka, makumi, zaka mazana ambiri pamalo amodzi. Ndipo ngati anali ndi kena koti aganizire, mwina akadatenga nzeru zaku dziko lapansi. Kubisala kwa adani ake, ali kutali, mita kapena kupitilira apo, m'manda mumchenga, kukhala chete, wosawoneka komanso wosamveka.
Chifukwa chake, nyama izi zimawonongeka m'chilengedwe pokhapokha zitaponyera ma sapon awo kumtunda. Zikatero, amatha kufikiridwa ndi nyenyezi zam'madzi, komanso ma otter am'madzi ndi nsombazi zazing'ono zomwe zimatha kuzikumbira pansi.
Koma kupeza "thunthu" la cholengedwa ichi sikophweka. Kuphatikiza apo, chitsogozo chikhoza kubwezera njira zawo mmbuyo ndikukhalanso osagonjetsedwa ndi chilombocho, kubisala mumchenga.
Ndipo chomwe chatsalira kuti nyama yamanyazi iyi ndikubwezeretsanso mumchenga ndikukula pang'onopang'ono. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ena mwa iwo amakula kukula. Chitsogozo chachikulu ndi moyo wake "wokhala pansi", imatha kudzidyetsa yokha mpaka 9 kg, pomwe ikukula "thunthu" mpaka mamita awiri kutalika.
Zakudya zabwino
Zamoyo zotere siziyeneranso kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kufunafuna chakudya. Monga ma bivalve onse, njira yawo yodyetsera siyabwino, ndiye kuti, ndi kusefera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kudzera mu siphon yawo amangoyamwa m'madzi am'nyanja ndikusefa. Mwachilengedwe, dongosolo lazakudya zakumbuyo motero limadziwika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake.
Madzi amalowa awiri, ngati mawonekedwe amphongo atatu am'kamwa, pomwe pali maselo amtundu. Kuphatikiza apo, tinthu tating'onoting'ono todutsa timadutsa m'minda yaying'ono mpaka pakamwa. Mfundo ndiyakuti pamodzi ndi madzi, plankton yaying'ono imalowa m'thupi. Imamezedwa ndi chitsogozo chopanda madzi, motero chimakhala chakudya chake chachikulu.
Kuchokera pakamwa, nyama yolowa imalowa m'mimba, kenako m'mimba mwa embryonic. Kumeneko amasankhidwa: yaying'ono imagayidwa, ndipo yayikulu imatumizidwa m'matumbo, kenako imaponyedwa kudzera mu anus, yomwe, mwa njira, m'zinthu zotere, monga m'zinthu zonse zakale, ili chimodzimodzi pakamwa. Zakudya zonse za zolengedwa zomwe zafotokozedwazo zimakhala ndi mayendedwe ake, ofanana ndi kuchepa kwa kayendedwe ka nyanja yamadzi komwe amakhala.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Nyanja yotsogolera samakhalanso ndi zilakolako zaukwati. Ndipo imaberekana m'njira yosalakwa, yosalumikizana komanso yakunja, ngakhale zamoyo zoterezi zimapatukanabe.
Zimagwira motere. Kangapo pachaka, nthawi ikafika, nthawi zambiri kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kapena kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, maulalo, molingana ndi kugonana, amaponyera zamoyo zawo zonse m'madzi am'nyanja pamafunde akulu, komanso zochuluka.
Pakati pa mpweyawu pali ma cell ambiri amazira omwe amafunika kuyamwa. Dziwani kuti akazi amatulutsa pafupifupi miliyoni miliyoni ya iwo nyengo, koma m'moyo wawo wonse, pafupifupi mabiliyoni asanu. Kuphatikiza pa izi, zamphongo zimatulutsa mbewu zakuthambo kumtunda kwamadzi.
Njira yoberekera iyi siyothandiza, chifukwa zinthu zambiri zimangofa. Koma ngati maselo otsutsana amakumana mosangalala, ndiye kuti kulumikizana kwawo kumachitika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti anthu atsopano amabadwa ndikuyamba kukula.
Masiku awiri okha ndi okwanira kuti zipolopolo zosalimba zokhala ndi mollusks zazing'ono zituluke m'mazira oberekera. Ndipo pakatha milungu ingapo amatha kukhala okhoza bwino kwambiri kwakuti amira mpaka kunyanja, kuyesera kudzikwilira mumchenga molingana ndi chikhalidwe chawo.
Kutalika kwa moyo wazitsogolereko ndi pafupifupi zaka zana ndi theka. Pafupifupi, zimatha zaka 146. Koma pakati pa zitsanzo pali ena odziwika bwino, omwe zaka zawo, malinga ndi asayansi, sizochepera zaka 160.
Nthawi zambiri, nkhono zotere zimakhala ndi ukalamba, chifukwa zilibe adani mwachilengedwe, zimakhutira ndi chakudya, zopatsa mphamvu ndi zina, motero palibe chomwe chimawononga miyoyo yawo.
Kufotokozanso kwina kwakukhala ndi moyo wautali kumayikidwa patsogolo - kusinthana kwakanthawi m'zinthu zawo zosavuta. Ichi ndichifukwa chake amakhala mwamtendere, mwamtendere komanso kwanthawi yayitali. M'malo mwake, anali ndi moyo, chifukwa kukhalapo kwawo motetezeka kunatha mwadzidzidzi, ndipo m'chilengedwe anali ndi mdani wamphamvu kwambiri.
Kusintha kowopsa kwa tsogolo la zolengedwa zazing'onozi kudayamba kuchitika zaka 40 zapitazo, pomwe mwadzidzidzi anthu adawona m'manyowa mwa zakudya zabwino kwambiri, ngakhale pazifukwa zina palibe amene adaganizira kuti ndiopambana mpaka pano.
Kukoma kwa Guidaka piquant komanso yofanana ndi mollusc, yomwe nthawi zambiri imadyedwa ndi anthu - nyanja yamakutu. Zowona, nyama yokhotakhota ya wokhala modzichepetsa m'nyanja yamchere siolimba kokha, komanso mawonekedwe achilendo. Komabe, izi sizinalepheretse anthu kusaina chikalata chofera mamiliyoni a zolengedwa zotere.
Tsopano malangizo, obisika padziko lapansi kwazaka mazana ambiri, adatchuka, koma kutchuka sikunamupatse mtendere ndipo sikunawonjezere moyo wautali. Makampani osodza asamalira zolengedwa zosazolowereka mozama, chifukwa chake ku Canada ndi ku United States kokha, amakumbidwa chaka chilichonse mpaka mamiliyoni awiri.
Ngati munthu ayamba kanthu, ndiye amayesetsa kuti abweretse kumapeto. Makamaka ngati mathedwewa sakhala abwino. "M'badwo wagolide" wama Guidaks, womwe udakhala zaka mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lapansi, mosemphana ndi malamulo a chisinthiko, ukuwoneka kuti watha. Ndipo tsopano anthu mwina adzakonza cholakwika cha chilengedwe, akufupikitsa kwambiri ndikuwononga moyo wazamoyo zosakhalitsa izi, ngakhale zolengedwa zokongola modabwitsa.
Mtengo
Idyani malangizo mosiyana. Ophika aku Asia amatumiza nkhono pafupifupi yaiwisi, koma chotsani khungu la thunthu poyamba. Kuti muchite izi, mutatha kusunga mankhwalawo m'madzi otentha kwa theka la mphindi, nthawi yomweyo amaviika m'madzi oundana kuchokera kutentha.
Pambuyo pa chithandizo ichi, khungu limatsika popanda khama, pafupifupi ngati masheya. Kenako nyamayo imadulidwa bwino ndipo imaperekedwa kwa ogula ndi ginger wonunkhira ndi msuzi wa soya.
Ku America, ndiye kuti, ku nkhono yakumtunda, ndichizolowezi chopangira mchere ndi tsabola, wokazinga ndi anyezi. Nthawi zina mankhwalawo amaviikidwa bwino mu vinyo ndipo amathiridwa bwino ndikuphika ndi mbale yampunga. Ma gourmets aku Russia amakonda nkhono zachilendo zokazinga pamodzi ndi anyezi, zonunkhira ndi zonona.
Mtengo wa Guidak kuluma, mosiyana ndi cholengedwa chopanda vuto lililonse, ndipo pafupifupi $ 60 pa kg. M'masitolo ogulitsa pa intaneti, nyama ya mollusk yotere imaperekedwa kwambiri, yomwe ingagulidwe ma ruble 1000. ndi zochepa. Koma chinthu chapamwamba kwambiri chimawononga zambiri.
