Abuluzi osazolowereka amakopa okonda zachilendo ndi luso lawo lodabwitsa, mtundu wowala, kudzichepetsa pakusunga mikhalidwe. Zotsatira zake nalimata nthawi zambiri amakhala chiweto, ngakhale mphutsi zosasangalatsa komanso maphembo ndiwo chakudya chake.
Kuphunzira zokwawa zodabwitsa kuli ndi zinsinsi zambiri. Chilengedwe chapatsa abuluzi ang'onoang'ono maluso osaneneka, omwe anthu amangoyandikira m'zaka za zana la 21.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Zinthu zakunja kwa nalimata zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi malo okhala. Chombocho chimakutidwa ndi timapepala tating'onoting'ono, tina tating'onoting'ono. Khungu la buluzi ndi losakhwima ndipo limatha kuwonongeka. Masikelo amakonzedwa mosasintha, nthawi zina amapanga mizere, pamakhala mawonekedwe ofanana ndi matailosi, ofanana ndi nsomba.
Mtunduwo ndi wosiyanasiyana, wodzaza ndi mitundu yowala - wachikaso, wofiira, wobiriwira, wabuluu. Kutengera thupi ndi mikwingwirima ndi madontho. Mitundu ina imatha kudzibisa yokha kuchokera kuzilombozo posintha mthunzi wa khungu mwaluso kwambiri kotero kuti ndizosatheka kuwona buluziyo atakhala chete.
Kotero, mtundu wa zokwawa m'chipululu ndi bulauni-lalanje, zomwe zimalola kuti nalimata aphatikize ndi chilengedwe, kuti ziwoneke ngati zosawoneka patali. Zokwawa zokhala pakati pa miyala zimadziwika ndi imvi ndi zipsyera zakuda. Nalimata wobiriwira obisika ngati masamba okoma, moss.
Mtundu wachitsulo wa buluziwo umatsanzira mthunzi wa khungwa la mitengo. Mitundu yolimba ya zokwawa zimaphatikizana ndi maluwa. Nalimata wakuda amasaka usiku - ndizosatheka kuziwona, chifukwa cha mitundu yake yobisa. Mtundu umasintha momwe thupi limasinthira kapena kutengera nthawi yamasana.
Malinga ndi mtundu wa thupi, maso a chokwawa amasintha. Maso athunthu amapereka kuthekera kowona adani kuchokera kutali, ndizabwino kusaka, kusiyanitsa zinthu zamoyo usana ndi usiku. Maso a nalimata ndi aakulu poyerekeza ndi kukula kwa mutu.
Zikope zimasowa. Chigoba chosasunthika ndi lilime lalitali, lomwe nyama imachotsa fumbi ndi timadontho, limathandiza kuyeretsa dothi. Ophunzirawo ndi owongoka. Kuwala kowala, amawoneka ngati kabowo kakang'ono, usiku - chowulungika chotseguka.
Pa lilime lotambalala, pamakhala notch yaying'ono patsogolo. Pamaso pa limba pamakutidwa ndi ma papilla ang'onoang'ono kuti asunge nyama. Mano a nyama ndi akuthwa. Kuponderezedwa nsagwada nsagwada ndizosatheka kumasula kuti zisawawononge.
Nyama zili ndi zingwe zomveka bwino, kuthekera kopanga mawu omwe amatsagana ndi moyo wawo wokangalika. Mawu a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya abuluzi ndi ofanana ndi kulira kwa achule, kulira kwa mbalame. Nyama zimangokhalira kulira, zikung'amba. Makamaka phokoso lamphamvu limatsagana ndi nthawi yakuswana kwa abuluzi.
Nalimata akapsa mtima, amatupa mowonekera, amatsegula pakamwa, ndikulira, ndipo amalira moopseza. Kuukira kwakanthawi kulimbana ndi adani kumawonetsa kutsimikiza mtima kwawo.
Kutalika kwa thupi la chokwawa kumakhala masentimita 15 mpaka 35, pomwe amasunga mafupa onse, ziwalo zomwe zimadziwika ndi nalimata. Ndi mitundu yonse ya zokwawa, abuluzi ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana:
- mutu waukulu;
- thupi lolimba;
- miyendo yayifupi;
- mchira wa kutalika kwapakatikati.
Aliyense nalimata pachithunzichi, ngati mutayang'anitsitsa, imakhala pamapazi ndi zala zisanu, zotalikirana kwambiri. Gawo lamkati la phazi limakutidwa ndi nyani lamellae chifukwa chake buluzi amakhala mwamphamvu kumtunda kulikonse.
Nthiti iliyonse imakhala ndi zibangili zambiri, zopangidwa ndi ulusi 400-1000. Kuwonetseredwa kumtunda kumachitika pamlingo wama mole. Nalimata sangagwe, ngakhale atapachikidwa pa mwendo umodzi wa Velcro. Chofunikira ndikudziyeretsa kwa mbale, zomwe sizinaphunzirebe ndi asayansi. Chikhalidwe cha chodabwitsa ichi ndichodabwitsa.
Zingwe zazing'onozing'ono, zocheperako kakhumi kuposa tsitsi la munthu, kutengera mphamvu za van der Waals zimamatira kuchithandizo, ngakhale chosalala ngati galasi. Natural nanotechnology yomwe imapangidwa ndi miyendo ya abuluzi imawalola kuti aziyenda padenga, magalasi, makoma owongoka.
Thupi la chokwawa chaching'ono limakhala kasupe wobadwira, ndikumakanikiza mapazi a buluziyo pamtunda. Ndi kulemera kwake kwa 50 g, nalimata amatha kunyamula katundu wa 2 kg pa miyendo yake popanda kuchita khama.
Maluso apadera okhalamo anthu otentha adapezeka pakusintha kwa zokwawa, zomwe zimasakidwa ndi zilombo zambiri. Mapangidwe ovuta amiyendo amawonetsedwa m'dzina la nyama, lomwe limamasulira kuti "zala zazing'ono".
Mchira wa nalimata ndi chizindikiro cha moyo wake. Kudzikundikira kwamafuta kumawapangitsa makulidwe, kukhathamira. Masheya amakulolani kuti mupulumuke nthawi zovuta - kuzizira komanso kusowa kwa chakudya. Mchira woonda umawonetsa kuchepa kwa nyama yomwe simalandira madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, chakudya chokwanira.
Kugwetsa mchira ndi gawo lokakamizidwa, chinyama chimataya gawo limodzi la thupi lake pachiwopsezo, koma njira yobwezeretsa imayamba - yatsopano imakula. Chipangizo chodziwika bwino cha nalimata ndi nkhani yophunzira kwa onse ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso akatswiri a zinyama, popeza sizinsinsi zonse zazilombo zazing'ono zomwe sizinathetsedwe pano.
Mitundu
Buluzi wambiri amakhala ndi gulu lalikulu la mibadwo 80, mitundu 600. Amasiyana mawonekedwe, mtundu, kukula, malo okhala. Mitundu yambiri yatchuka pakasungidwe m'nyumba.
Mafunde Gecko. Chokwawa chotentha ndimphona yayikulu pakati pazilombozi. Kutalika kwa thupi la munthu wamkulu kumafikira masentimita 35-36, kulemera kwa 150-300 g.Ili ndi dzina kuchokera pakulira "to-ki", "to-kei". Mtundu wowala wamwamuna nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi azitona wokhala ndi mabala oyera, mikwingwirima.
Mumikhalidwe yachilengedwe, mafunde amabuluu okhala ndi malalanje kapena achikasu amapezeka. Dziko lakwawo ndi nkhalango zotentha, m'munsi mwa India, South China, Cambodia.
Kusunga mafunde mu terrarium kumafuna malo okwanira komanso chakudya chabwino. Kutalika kwa moyo wa chiweto kumadalira pazinthu zofunika. Kusamalira moyenera kumapereka mafunde kwa zaka 10-12.
Gecko si chiweto chochezeka polankhulana. Nthawi zonse amasunga chitetezo pokhudzana - kulira, kutsegula pakamwa pake, kuwonetsa kuluma kwake. Nyama yovuta kwambiri, yolusa kwa alendo. Amatsutsa ndikulira kwambiri.
Guluku wosasamala. Mtundu wokongola, milingo yolinganizidwa ndiyabwino kwa okonda zosowa. Koma zochitika usiku zimalepheretsa kufalikira kwa abuluzi ngati ziweto. Mwachilengedwe, amakumba maenje akuya, mpaka 1 mita, mdera lamchenga la Iran ndi Kazakhstan.
Kukula kwapakati - kutalika kwa thupi pafupifupi 10 cm, kulemera 20-24 g. Maso owala usiku ndi mtundu wobiriwira kapena wa ruby ndiwodabwitsa. Ma mbale osakhwima okutira khungu, monga parafini, mtundu wachikasu imvi imadzipukutira ndimabala obiriwira, mikwingwirima yakuda ndiyotheka, mabala mbali, kumbuyo. Mchira wawung'ono mukamayendetsa nalimata nthawi zonse umangokhala chingwe ndikuwukweza. Buluzi amathamanga kwambiri, atanyamula thupi lokwera ndi miyendo yazitali zazitali zisanu.
Leopard nalimata (eublefar). Buluzi wodziwika komanso wokondedwa pakati pama terrariumists ambiri. Zinthu zopanda ulemu, kupirira, mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphunzira kwa zokwawa zimadzutsa chidwi mwa iwo.
Mtundu ukhoza kukhala wopanda mawanga, pali ma albino, tangerine shades, ndi mchira wa karoti ndi mitundu ina. Chofunika kwambiri: Nalimata akambuku samaluma nthawi zambiri. Kuyankhulana ndi ana kumafunikira kuwongolera, monga nthawi zovuta, abuluzi amataya michira yawo ndikuwonetsa nkhanza.
Mu vivo nalimata eublefar wopezeka m'zipululu zotentha za Iran, India, Afghanistan. Khalani ndi chakudya chamtundu wa crickets, mphemvu, mbewa zimapereka zosowa za zokwawa.
Nalimata womata. Mbali ya reptile ndi kudzuka masana, kukula pang'ono - kutalika kwa thupi mpaka masentimita 9. Mchira wambiri umakhala. Mtundu wa nondescript, wotuwa wobiriwira wokhala ndi mawanga abulauni, umathandizira kubisala m'chilengedwe.
Amakhala m'magulu, mabanja. Agile okhwima kwambiri, osowa, osaka bwino tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Akakhala akapolo amaswana bwino, amaonetsa mwaubwenzi ngati akumva kukhala otetezeka. Mwachilengedwe, amakwera mitengo. Amapezeka m'masamba a Africa.
Bancked nalimata (eyelash). Dzinalo likuwonetsa mawonekedwe akulu abuluzi - kuzolowera nthochi ndi zipatso zina, kupezeka kwa minga yapamaso pamaso. Wokhala pakati-wamkulu wokhala - 20-22 cm kutalika.
Mutuwo ndi wamakona atatu. Masikelo ofewa ali ngati chophimba chovala. Mitundu yamitundu ndiyosiyanasiyana, pali imvi, lalanje, ofiira, achikasu, kutengera malo okhala zokwawa.
Ngakhale mwana amatha kusamalira kunyumba chiweto chodya nthochi. Chokhacho ndichosamalira bwino nyama, yomwe imatha kutaya mchira wake kwamuyaya, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yomwe imapanganso gawo lina la thupi.
Madagascar Nalimata. Ngakhale dzinali, malo abuluzi amapita kuzilumba zoyandikana ndi Madagascar - Comoros, Seychelles, Hawaiian. Dera la m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndilabwino kwa zokwawa zotentha zomwe zimakhala pamitengo ya coconut kapena mitengo ya nthochi. Kutentha kwambiri kumapangitsa kuti nyama zizikhala molting.
Kuthekera kwapadera kwa nzika kumawonetsedwa pakusintha kwa mtundu wa chovala mu kunyezimira kwa dzuwa, mthunzi, kulowa. Mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira umasintha kukhala azitona wakuda, imvi. Kuunikira kwakukulu kumapereka mawonekedwe a mandimu.
Nthawi zina zimawoneka kuti buluzi wazunguliridwa ndi kunyezimira kwa buluu - mthunzi uwu umawonekera pamapazi komanso m'mphepete mwa mchira wa nalimata wokhala ndi mapiri osongoka. Kawirikawiri zokwawa zimapezeka m'mizinda, zikukhazikika m'nyumba zosiyanasiyana.
Nalimata wa Leaf-tailed (satana). Ndizovuta kwambiri kuzindikira cholengedwa chachilengedwe - abuluzi ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi masamba omwe agwa mthupi komanso mtundu. Kukula pang'ono, kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 14 cm, mchira woboola pakati wokhala ndi masamba, zosakhazikika, mawonekedwe amtundu wa mikwingwirima amalola kuphatikizika bwino ndi chilengedwe. Mtundu wochokera kubiriwira-wobiriwira mpaka bulauni wakuda umakwaniritsa chithunzi cha tsamba lomwe lagwa.
Mphukira yomwe ili pamwamba pa maso a buluzi imawoneka wowopsa pang'ono. Amateteza maso akulu padzuwa popanga mthunzi. Buluzi amasonyeza zochitika usiku chifukwa cha masomphenya awo abwino, omwe usiku amakhala owopsa kwambiri maulendo 350 kuposa munthu.
Nalimata waku Turkey. Kanyama kakang'ono kofala ku Israeli. Zimasiyana pakhungu losalala, lokutidwa ndi masikelo osakhwima. Mtunduwo ndiwanzeru - beige, wonyezimira wonyezimira wokhala ndi mabala amdima. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'nyumba za anthu akumidzi.
Kunyumba, iye ndi wodzichepetsa, wochezeka. Mukayang'ana nalimata kuchokera pansi kupyola mugalasi, mutha kuwona kapangidwe kake konse kudzera pakhungu lowonekera.
Njanji nalimata. Okhala m'ziphulika za ku America, zipululu zamiyala. Buluzi wadothi amakhala ndi mikwingwirima yopingasa, kapena maliboni osinthasintha mitundu yachikaso ndi yakuda. Ma Geckos ndi ochepa kukula, masentimita 8-15 kutalika. Amakhala m'magulu opangidwa ndi amuna ndi akazi angapo. Amabisala pakati pa miyala, amadyetsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Zokwawa zopanda magazi zimakonda malo omwe kutentha kwake tsiku lililonse sikutsika pansi pa 25 ° C. Ndikofunika kuti nalimata azigwirabe ntchito usiku, chifukwa mitundu yambiri ya nyama imasaka mumdima ndikukhala moyo wamadzulo.
Mitundu yambiri ya zokwawa imakhala m'malo akumakontinenti ndi nyengo zotentha, kuphatikizapo zilumba zam'madzi, kuzungulira padziko lonse lapansi. Mutha kukumana ndi zokwawa zosazolowereka m'malo ouma, zipululu zotentha za ku Africa, nkhalango zaku Australia, kumwera chakumadzulo kwa America.
M'dziko lathu nalimata buluzi amakhala m'nkhalango ndi m'mapiri a Caucasus, chilumba cha Crimea. Chikhalidwe cha zokwawa ndizomwe zimaphatikiza malo awo okhala - mtundu wa nthaka, zomera, mitundu yamiyala.
Abuluzi ambiri amakonda mitengo yayitali, malo amiyala, malo otsetsereka pamadzi, mapanga amiyala. Mwachilengedwe, nalimata amakhala m'magawo, momwe aliyense amakhala ndi gawo lake, lomwe buluzi amateteza. Ma Geckos adasinthiratu kuti azikhala kunyumba, amasungabe zochitika zambiri komanso kuthekera kuberekana ndi chisamaliro choyenera komanso kudyetsa.
Zakudya zabwino
Nalimata ndi nyama yolusa. Tsiku lililonse, nyama imadyetsa mwakhama kuti isunge mphamvu, kuyika mafuta mchira munthawi yovuta. Zakudya zokwawa ndizosiyana kwambiri, kutengera malo omwe amakhala. Nyama zazing'ono ndizosaka kwambiri. Lilime lonse limakhala ndi makapu angapo okoka kuti wodwalayo atetezeke.
Mitundu yambiri yazakudya imakhazikitsidwa ndi:
- midges osiyanasiyana;
- tizilombo;
- cicadas otentha;
- mphutsi;
- mbozi, ziwala, mphemvu, mbozi
Abuluzi akuluakulu amadya zinkhanira, nthawi zina achule, njoka zazing'ono, mbewa, anapiye ndi mazira a mbalame kuchokera ku zisa. M'mapanga, abuluzi amasaka mphemvu zosonkhanitsa zitosi za mileme.
Nzeru zachilengedwe zimauza nalimata kuti asonkhane poyembekezera nyama pafupi ndi nyali zowala pafupi ndi pomwe anthu amakhala. Tizilombo tomwe timalowera m'kuunika timakhala abuluzi mosavuta. Zakudya za nalimata zoweta ziyenera kukhala zochepa. Abuluzi apakatikati nthawi zambiri amadyetsedwa kawiri pamlungu. Anthu akuluakulu ndi ochepa.
Nyama zambiri zimakonda chakudya chamoyo - ntchentche, mphutsi, mphemvu. Dyetsani tizilombo kuchokera ku malo ogulitsira akunyumba timasakanikirana ndi calcium ndi mchere wonongera kwa zokwawa. Mitundu ina imadya nthochi, malalanje, zinziri. Abuluzi amayenera kukhala ndi madzi nthawi zonse.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Akazi amayamba kukhwima atakwanitsa chaka choyamba chobadwa. Geckos ndi okonzeka kuswana chaka chonse, ngakhale ntchito yawo imachepa m'miyezi yozizira. Mitundu yambiri ya abuluzi ndi oviparous, koma Nalimata wobiriwira (New Zealand) viviparous. Nyama imalera ana, omwe amawoneka okonzekera moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Makhalidwe a Habitat amakhudza mtundu wa ana.
Mikoko ya mazira imawonekera nthawi zambiri m'mabowo amitengo, imamatirira kuthengo. Mazirawo ndi ozungulira. Mzimayi mmodzi amatenga mazira 5-8 a mazira 2-4 pamasiku 15-40. Kutentha kozungulira kumakhudza nthawi yosakaniza - kuyambira miyezi 3 mpaka 7.
Amayi nthawi zambiri amabwerera kumalo osungira nkhumba kuti akatenthe ana. Nthawi zina anthu osiyanasiyana amaikira mazira pamalo amodzi, amaiwala za iwo. Palibe kulumikizana kwa amayi ndi ana amphongo omwe adawonekera. Kugwira nthawi yomwe mkazi amakhala limodzi ndi ana ndizosowa kwambiri.
Milandu yakudya timagulu tating'onoting'ono ndiofala kwambiri - chibadwa cha mlenje chimakhala champhamvu kuposa momwe makolo amamvera. Kuswana abuluzi mu terrarium amapita mofulumira, popanda kutentha kwambiri, makulitsidwe amatha pambuyo pa masiku 134. Ndikofunika kudyetsa mkazi ndi choko kuti asadye mazira.
Kumapeto kwa nthawi yoyamwitsa, ndi bwino kusamutsa zinthuzo ndi zomata zomangika pachidebe china kuti muteteze ana ang'onoang'ono kwa makolo awo omwe amasaka nyama. Nyenyeswazi zaswa ndi masentimita 8-10 okha, koma okonzeka kusaka tizirombo tating'onoting'ono. Mwachilengedwe, nalimata amakhala zaka pafupifupi 15. Kusamalira bwino nyumba kumawonjezera moyo wawo mpaka zaka 20-25.
Kusamalira kunyumba ndi kukonza
Kapangidwe ka terrarium kamadalira mtundu wa chiweto. Kusunga nalimata Sikovuta, koma kumafuna kuzindikira zikhalidwe zawo. Buluzi wamatabwa amafuna chidebe chowongoka. Okhala m'zipululu, madera - malo osanjikiza. Kusamala kuyenera kutetezedwa kuti chikhale cholimba cha terrarium, popeza zokwawa zimayenda bwino pamakoma ndi kudenga.
Mitengo yolemera imafuna nthambi, nthambi zakuda, makungwa, zomera zomwe mungapangire bokosi lachiwombankhanga. Abuluzi wamba amafunika miyala yoti azikhalamo, miyala yolimba, mchenga, momwe abuluzi amatha kupanga mabowo.
Nalimata zonse zimafunikira chidebe chamadzi. Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino, ndikofunikira kukonza kuyatsa, mpweya wabwino, komanso kusankha nthaka yoyenera. Gawo lomwe limayamwa chinyezi ndiloyenera. Microclimate mu terrarium iyenera kukhala pafupi ndi chilengedwe cha nyama potengera kutentha, chinyezi, kuyatsa.
M'masitolo azinyama mutha kugula malo ogona, zida zamagetsi osiyanasiyana - nyali zotenthetsera, kuwunikira, ma radiation a ultraviolet, nyumba, zopingasa ndi zida zina. Sikoyenera kupanga nyengo yozizira ya nalimata zapakhomo, ndipo zida zama zipinda zonyowa moyenera molting ndizofunikira.
Zinthu zakusungidwa, chakudya choyenera chimakhudza thanzi, chiyembekezo cha moyo wa chiweto. Kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe mumadya kumatengera kukula ndi mtundu wa nalimata. Zakudya zapaderazi zitha kugulidwa zokonzeka, simusowa kuti muzipeza mphemvu ndi njoka zamoyo nokha.
Kuyankhulana ndi chiweto mpaka nthawi yakudutsa itadutsa kuyenera kusamalidwa. Simungathe kugwira, kukoka nalimata kumchira. Kupanikizika kwa nyama kumatha ndikutaya gawo limodzi.
Mchira watsopano sukula wokongola kwambiri, ndipo mitundu ina siyibwezeretsanso. Kuluma kwa nalimata wokwiya sikosangalatsa kwambiri - nsagwada ndizolimba, sizokayikitsa kuti zingatheke kuwamasula. Tiyenera kudikirira kuti nyamayo ithe kumasula yokha.
Mtengo
Mtengo wa zokwawa zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana kutengera kutchuka kwa mitundu, zaka, komanso kukula kwa nyama. Eni ake ayenera kudziwa kaye kuti ndi ndani mwa oyandikana nawo omwe amatha kusunga chiweto, ngati akuyenera kukhala gulu la nyama. Nthawi zina amagula abuluzi angapo nthawi imodzi ndikuyembekeza kuti abereka.
Nalimwala wakunyumba pafupifupi zimawononga ma ruble zikwi 5-7. Kugulidwa kwa chiweto sikungakhumudwitse ngati mungapite kusitolo yapadera, m'malo moika pachiwopsezo kugula pa intaneti. Moyo wawung'ono wa chinyama chachilendo umadalira mwini wake, chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyandikira kupezeka kwa nalimata mosamala.
