Achibale a mbalame zoweta zoweta akupezekabe m'malo otseguka a ku Africa lero. Kulima kwa mbalame zakunja kunja kwa minda, m'malo ochepa sikunafalikire poyerekeza ndi nkhuku, atsekwe, nkhuku zam'madzi, koma kufunikira kwa mbalame sikuchepera pachifukwa ichi. Guinea fowl - mbalame "Royal", kuphatikiza zokongoletsa zokopa komanso mawonekedwe azakudya zochepa.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Kuyesera kuweta mbalame zaku Africa kwapangidwa kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 16 ku Europe. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwanyengo, zovuta zidayamba pakusintha, kulera mbalame. Mbalame zaku Guinea zidabweretsedwa ku Russia zaka mazana awiri pambuyo pake kuti azikongoletsa.
Kukula kwake, "wachifumu" ali ngati nkhuku wamba. Kusiyana zimawonedwa mu kapangidwe ka matupi. Mbalame yaku Guinea pachithunzichi poyerekeza ndi achibale ngati nkhuku - kukongola kwenikweni. Kamutu kakang'ono, khosi lalitali, ndolo za mnofu, ndi chisa zimapangitsa mbalameyi kuizindikira. Madera a khosi akutuluka popanda nthenga. Mlomo ndi waung'ono.
Anthu osiyana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha amasiyana pang'ono wina ndi mnzake, ndi akatswiri okhawo omwe amadziwika kuti ndi amuna mwamakhalidwe, ma catkins owonjezera pang'ono ndi sera ya sera (dera la mulomo), mthunzi wowala kwambiri. Kulemera kwa mbalame yayikulu pafupifupi 1.6 kg. Amuna amalemera 200-300 g kuposa akazi.
Chovala chododometsa cha mbalame zazing'ono ndi ngale zozungulira mkati mwa imvi. Thupi lozungulira lokhala ndi mchira wawufupi wotsamira pansi. Mapikowo adadulidwa ali ndi zaka zazing'ono. Miyendo ndi yamphamvu, yamphamvu. Ngakhale mbalame za mbalame zimakhala za banja la nkhuku, zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri.
Mbalame za Tsar zimathamanga bwino, zimatha kuwuluka. Ana mpaka miyezi 1.5 amanyamuka mosavuta, ndipo mbalame zakale zimachita izi mosafuna. Amalekerera kuzizira ndi kutentha bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti aswane. Nthawi zambiri, abakha ndi nkhuku zimadwala. Kusunga mbalame, chinyezi chambiri sichingavomerezedwe, chomwe chimawononga mbalame.
Kutsata malamulo okhwima osamalira "anthu achifumu" ndikofunikira, chifukwa ndizosatheka kuchiza mbalame zodwala. Akatswiri amayamikira nyama yapadera ya mbalameyi, yomwe imakhala ndi mafuta pang'ono, madzi, komanso zinthu zambiri zothandiza:
- glycine;
- valine;
- asidi a glutamic, ndi zina zambiri.
Poyerekeza ndi nyama ya nkhuku, mabere a mbalame ndi athanzi kwa anthu omwe amapatsidwa chakudya. Anthu amalemera kwambiri pofika miyezi iwiri. Nyama ya nkhuku ndi yakuda kuposa nyama ya nkhuku chifukwa cha myoglobin m'matumba, koma ikayaka moto imawalira.
Chaka chilichonse mbalame Kuikira mazira 90-150. Nyengo yamatabwa imakhala miyezi isanu ndi umodzi - kuyambira masika mpaka nthawi yophukira. Kulemera kwa dzira 40-46 g. Mtundu wachikasu-bulauni wokhala ndi mawonekedwe amtundu kutengera mtundu. Mawonekedwewo ndi owoneka ngati peyala - mbali yosamveka imakulitsidwa, mbali yakuthwa imakulitsidwa. Pamwambapa pamakhala povuta, ndi timadontho tating'ono.
Mphamvu yamakina ya chipolopolo chakunja ndiyokwera. Guinea mazira a mbalame osaphwanyidwa atagwa kuchokera ku 2-3 m kupita pansi, kugubuduzika pansi, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha zotayika mukamayenda. Izi ndizofunikira kuteteza ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mwachitsanzo, salmonella. Kumwa mazira a mbalame yayikulu ndibwino.
Chifukwa cha kulimba kwa chipolopolo, mazira amakhala osungidwa kwanthawi yayitali popanda firiji kwa chaka chimodzi osataya thanzi kapena kutsitsimuka. Mazira a Kaisara amaloledwa kutsukidwa kuchokera ku kuipitsidwa asanayambe kusakaniza. Zakudya zabwino kwambiri zamazira - zowonjezera zowonjezera zouma, mafuta mu yolk, mapuloteni.
Mbalame zokulirapo inakhala yopindulitsa kwa alimi - mbalame zimadya tizirombo ta m'munda, kuphatikiza kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata. Kupeza mbalame m'munda sizimayambitsa kuwonongeka - sizikumba mabedi, sizitola masamba.
Mitundu
Mitundu yatsopano ya mbalame, chifukwa cha ntchito yoswana, imasinthidwa kukhala nyengo, siyimatengeka ndimatenda amphaka ndi nkhuku. Alimi a nkhuku amabzala mitundu yothana kwambiri ndi chitetezo chamthupi. Zonsezi, pali mitundu pafupifupi 20, yambiri yomwe idapangidwira nyama.
Imvi zamawangamawanga. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya mbalame, yomwe ntchito yoswana idachitika. Maonekedwe okongola a thupi, mtundu wokongola. Mutu wopanda nthenga umakongoletsedwa ndi ndolo zofiira, kukula kwa buluu. Mapikowo amakula kwambiri. Mbalameyi imadziwika kuti imvi ndi siliva chifukwa cha mtundu wake. Avereji ya kulemera kwake ndi pafupifupi 2 kg. Guinea fowl imaikira mazira 90 mchaka.
Volga yoyera. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kudzichepetsa kwa zomwe zili nyengo yozizira, kukhwima koyambirira. Kuchokera pa mbalame, mazira 120 amapezeka pachaka. Mtundu ndi woyera wosakhwima.
Suede (zonona). Kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamtunduwu kumalumikizidwa ndi kusintha kwa mbalame zamangamanga. Avereji yolemera makilogalamu 1.5, mazira - mpaka zidutswa 80 pachaka.
Zagorskaya wamabele oyera. Kumbuyo, mapiko ndi otuwa kwambiri, mbali zina za thupi ndi zoyera. Nthenga zomwe zimapangidwa mwaluso zimathandiza kuti nthenga zizikhala bwino. Mbalame ya Guinea imasiyanitsidwa ndi zokolola zambiri - mpaka mazira 110 pachaka. Kulemera nyama 1.9 kg. Nyama ya nkhuku ku Guinea kukoma kokoma.
Mzungu waku Siberia. Nthenga zimapatsa mbalame chisomo chapadera. Kusamalira kopanda tanthauzo, mawonekedwe abata ndiye zabwino zazikulu za mtunduwo. Kansalu kakang'ono ndi kofiirira zimakongoletsa mbalamezo.
Buluu. Anapiye amabadwa ndi mtundu wa nthenga zofiirira, atasungunuka amakhala ndi utoto wabuluu. Pa chifuwa, khosi, utoto wake ndiwothina kwambiri, pafupifupi wofiirira. Mtundu wawung'ono, chifukwa chake kaŵirikaŵiri umasamalidwa ndi alimi. Mpaka mazira 150 amapezeka kuchokera ku mbalame imodzi pachaka.
Chubataya. Mbalame yamtunduwu imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wamba wa nthenga za shaggy m'malo mwa nyanga. Nthenga zakuda zimakhala zokutidwa ndi zoyera zoyera.
Fretboard. Kufanana kwa chiwombankhanga kunapatsa dzinali mbalame ngati nkhuku. Nthenga ndi zokongola modabwitsa - zimaphatikizapo nthenga zoyera, lilac, buluu, nthenga zakuda. Khosi lalitali, mutu wa oblong ndimikhalidwe ya mbalame zaku Africa.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Mwachilengedwe, mbalameyi imakonda malo otentha komanso owuma. Mbalame za ku Guinea zimakopeka ndi nkhalango, nkhalango, apolisi, mbalame za ku Africa zimapewa chinyezi komanso malo ozizira. Mwachilengedwe, mbalame zamphongo ndi zamanyazi modabwitsa. Phokoso lalikulu ndi mbendera yothawa. Pafupifupi aliyense saloledwa pafupi.
Zimauluka bwino, koma nthawi zambiri zimayenda pansi. Amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a anthu 10-30. Gulu lirilonse limatsogozedwa ndi yamphongo yamphongo. Mbalame zazikazi zikaona kuti zaziwopseza, zimalira. Eni nkhuku amadziwa kuti mbalame ndi mbalame zodalirika zomwe zimangonena phokoso zikawona mlendo.
Kumtchire, mbalame zimakhala ndi adani ambiri achilengedwe pakati pa zokwawa, zolusa nthenga, ndi nthumwi za banjalo. Anthu opha nyama mosayenera akhudza kwambiri kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha anthu.
Kupulumutsidwa kwa mbalame zambiri kunali kuswana kwa mbalame m'minda. Kubwalo, mbalame zamtchire zimakhala mwamtendere pamodzi ndi mbalame zina: nkhuku, abakha, atsekwe. Itha kudziyimira yokha ngati pali wolakwira pakati pa zolengedwa.
Kusunga mbalame imafotokoza malo akulu oyendamo, koma mbalame zaulere zimatha kuthawa. Nthenga za nkhuku zimadulidwa mwachangu kapena maukonde a nylon amakokedwa m'makola otseguka.
Kutalika kwa mpanda wazitseko zosavundikazo ndi pafupifupi mita 2. Zoletsa ufulu wakuyenda zitha kuletsa kuberekana kwa mbalame. Nthawi zina eni ake amakhala ndi khola lalikulu momwe mbalame zimatha kusunthira.
Mbalame zapakhomo amateteza zizolowezi za achibale achilengedwe - zimakhazikika m'makona obisika m'maso, osati m'malo okonzedwa mwapadera. Zazimuna zimasankha malo pansi pa denga, lokutidwa ndi nthambi, pomwe gulu pagulu lonselo limayikira mazira.
Ulendo waku chisa umachitika maola ena. Ntchito yochulukitsa dzira imachitika mu Juni-Julayi. Zazikazi zimakhala zankhanza - mbira mbalame ikumalira ndi nkhuku potenga mazira, yesetsani kukankha.
Zakudya zabwino
Mwachilengedwe, chakudya cha mbalame zamtundu wa Guinea chimakhala ndi tizilombo, mbewu zambewu, masamba, zimayambira, nthambi, zipatso. M'mphepete mwa matupi amadzi, mbalame zamtchire zimadyetsa mbozi ndi nyama zazing'ono. Ngakhale mbewa zazing'ono zimapezeka m'mimba mwa mbalame. Madzi ndi gawo lofunikira pa zakudya. Ndi kuchepa kwa chinyezi, mbalame yaikazi imadya ndi chakudya chake.
Nkhuku zimakonzedwa osakaniza amadyera, tirigu, phala, zinyalala, kaloti, mbatata ndi masamba ena. Mukamayenda, mbalame zimawononga namsongole, tizirombo tambiri - mphutsi, nsabwe za m'masamba, slugs.
Mbalame ya Colorado mbatata ya mbalame ndi yosavuta kuwona, imabwera msanga m'masomphenya ake. Ikapeza nyama, mbalameyi imayang'ana chitsamba chonsechi ndi chiyembekezo chopeza mphutsi kapena wachibale wowala watsopano. Mbalame zomwe zinapeza mbalamezi zimaposedwa ku gulu lonse.
Sikuti zonse zomwe zimadyetsa zimakonda kukoma kwa mbalame zapabwalo - zimapewa balere, nyama ndi fupa, ngati gawo lalikulu lazinthuzi limawonjezeredwa pamsakanizo. Mutha kusintha m'malo awo ndi kanyumba kotsika mafuta, zakudya zina zomanga thupi.
Pa kapinga, mbalame zimapeza masamba obiriwira, zipatso; amakana chakudya china madzulo ngati kuyenda kunali koyenera. Chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri mbalame ndi dandelion, burdock. M'nyengo yozizira, mbalame zamchere zimadya fumbi laudzu ndi udzu.
Chakudyacho chimapukusidwa bwino - makilogalamu atatu a chakudya amafunika kuti apeze kilogalamu imodzi yolemera. Zowonjezerapo mchere monga choko, zipolopolo zapansi, phulusa la nkhuni zimafunika. Izi zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa chipolopolocho.
Zaka za mbalame zazikazi zimawerengedwa pakudyetsa:
- nkhuku ndi zabwino kwa chinangwa, mkaka, mazira a nkhuku, mapira otentha;
- Akazi oviparous amafunikira chakudya chokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri.
Chiwerengero cha kudyetsa nyama zazing'ono mpaka kasanu ndi kamodzi, kwa mbalame yayikulu - kanayi pa tsiku.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Mwachilengedwe, nyengo yoswana imagwirizana ndi nthawi youma. Mwina ndichifukwa chake chinyezi chimatsutsana kwambiri ndi nyama zazing'ono. Akuluakulu okha ndi omwe amakhala olimba, osaganizira kusintha kwa chinyezi. Malo omwe mbalame zimayala amapezeka m'mitengo yambiri, kutali ndi kutulutsa maso. Izi ndizovuta pang'ono pansi, zomwe mbalamezi zimaphimba ndi thupi lake lokongola.
Chilango chimodzi chimakhala ndi mazira khumi. Zigoba zake ndi zotuwa, buluu, zofiirira, komanso zofiira, kutengera mtundu wake. Makulitsidwe amatha masiku 25. Guinea mbalame yamphongo Amawonetsa chidwi cha mkazi m'njira zonse, amamuteteza. Pakakhala ngozi, makolo awiriwo amasokoneza chilombocho m'njira iliyonse, ndikuzipititsa kutali ndi malo okhala zisa. Nthawi zina kuyesa kuteteza chisa kumamutayitsa mbalame moyo wake.
Anapiye aswedwa kwambiri. Pakatha miyezi iwiri amalemera magalamu 800. Kutha kwa mbalamezi kumafikira 100%. Mpaka chaka chimodzi, amatsatira amayi mosamala, mpaka akaphunzitse ana maluso a moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Chifukwa cha kutha kusintha, chiyembekezo cha moyo wa mbalame zazaka ndi zaka zopitilira 10.
Kuswana kunyumba
Kusunga mbalame mu mbewa yotsekedwa ndizotheka kutengera izi:
- kuyatsa bwino;
- kuuma;
- kusowa kwa zojambula.
M'nyengo yotentha, ndibwino kuti muziyenda mbalamezo nthawi yamasana, kubwerera ku aviary usiku. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa mpweya ndi 15-22 ° C. Kusunga mbalame zonse za mbalame ndi mbalame zina kumaloledwa.
Mbalame zoswana zimaphatikizapo kukhazikitsidwa kwa banja, kuphatikiza akazi anayi ndi amuna. Ana aku Guinea oswetsa ana sayenera kudaliridwa - chifukwa cha mantha, amasiya zisa zawo mosavuta. Mazira nthawi zambiri amaikidwa mu nkhuku, turkeys, kapena anapiye amaswa mu chofungatira.
Mbalame za ku Guinea zimathamanga masiku atatu kapena atatu. Mazira omwe amasonkhanitsidwa amaikidwa mu zida. Mulingo wa chinyezi mu chofungatira cha mbalame mbalame wakhazikika kwambiri kuposa mazira a nkhuku. Makulitsidwe amatha masiku 28. Kusamalira ana aswedwa kumayamba ndikuwasunthira m'bokosi.
Pofuna kutenthetsa mbalamezo, amaika botolo lamadzi otentha lokutidwa ndi nsalu yolimba. Bokosilo liri lokutidwa ndi ukonde pamwamba. Kuunikira kumafunika zinyenyeswazi kuti zikule bwino. Chakudya cha ana chimakhala ndi chisakanizo cha mazira owiritsa, kanyumba kanyumba, mapira otentha. Masiku oyamba a Kaisareya sanapeze ngakhale chakudya ndi madzi. Muyenera kuviika milomo yawo, kugogoda pa mbale ya chakudya.
Pang'onopang'ono, chakudya chimadzaza ndi zomera, mafuta a nsomba, masamba, mizu. Anthu aku Kaisareya amasinthana ndi chakudya cha akulu ali ndi miyezi itatu. Anapiye a zaka zapakati pa theka amasamutsidwa kuchoka m'bokosilo kupita kuzogona.
Mbalame zokulirapo ikuyamba kukhala ntchito yotchuka. Eni mbalame amatha kuzindikirika ngakhale ndi mawu awo. Mbalame zokongoletsera zimakhala zokongoletsa pabwalo lililonse. Kuswana bwino ndikopindulitsa komanso kopindulitsa.
