Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Zovuta koala yanyama amaganizira zaumunthu wa kontrakitala yonse - Australia, imapezeka kokha kontinentiyi ndipo imagwirizana kwambiri nayo. Ili ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa kwambiri mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe. Ichi ndi cholengedwa chamkati, cholimba pafupifupi 70 cm wamtali, m'maonekedwe ofanana ndi chimbalangondo chaching'ono.
Kulemera kwake ngakhale kwamphongo kochititsa chidwi nthawi zambiri sikupitilira 14 kg, koma akazi ena amakhala ocheperako ndipo amangolemera 5 kg. Mofanana ndi zochitika zambiri zadziko lawo, koala ndi zinyama zam'madzi, ndiko kuti, ali ndi thumba lapadera pamimba, momwe amayi amavala ana awo.
Thupi la nyama zotere limakutidwa ndi ubweya wofewa wolimba, womwe tsitsi lake limakhala pafupifupi 2 cm kapena kupitirirapo. Mthunzi wake umatha kukhala wosiyanasiyana ndipo zimadalira malo okhalamo. Kumbuyo kwake kumakhala kwamdima nthawi zonse: kofiira, kofiira kapena kotuwa. Koma pamimba nthawi zambiri kumakhala kopepuka.
Ma Koala amasiyanitsidwa ndi mphuno yolimba, mutu wawukulu, maso ang'ono ndi mafoni, shaggy, makutu ozungulira. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi mchira wosawonekera chifukwa chakukula kwake.
Chofunikira kwambiri pakuwonekera, cholowetsedwa ndi nyama zamtengowu kuchokera ku chilengedwe, ndi zikopa zawo zosunthika ndi zikhadabo zamphamvu, zamphamvu, zomwe zimawalola kukwera mitengo mwaluso. Miyendo yolimba imapangidwa mu koala kuyambira ali aang'ono, pamene anawo, atagwira msana wa amayi, satayika, motero kutsatira njira yoyenda, yonse ndi iye.
Kapangidwe ka zala zazing'ono zonse ndi kodabwitsa kwambiri. Kutsogolo kwake kumakhala ndi zala ziwiri zomata, kupatula zina zomwe zimapezeka.
Zala zinayi zokha pamapazi akumbuyo zimapatsidwa zikhadabo, mosiyana ndi zazikulu, zomwe zilibe nsonga yakuthwa. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, monga zala za anthu, zala zonse za koala zimadziwika ndi mapilo ake - zipsera.
Tsopano koala ku Australia ankaona kunyada ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zake. Koma ndikukumbukiranso nthawi zina pomwe olowa ku Europe anali atangokhazikika mdziko lino. Amakopeka kwambiri ndi kukongola kosowa kwaubweya wa zolengedwa zoterezi. Pachifukwa ichi, kuchuluka kwa nyama, zomwe zimasakidwa mwankhanza, zimawonongedwa kwambiri ndikukakamizidwa kuchoka m'malo awo.
Masiku ano, nyama zotere zimapezeka makamaka kumadera akumwera ndi kum'mawa kwa dzikolo. Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi asayansi, mbadwa zamakono za oimira zinyama za kontinentiyi zasokonekera kwambiri poyerekeza ndi makolo awo.
Kuchuluka kwaubongo wawo kunacheperanso, zomwe zidakhudza kwambiri luntha lawo, komanso luso lawo lodziteteza. Mwachitsanzo, ma koala amakono, omwe amazolowera kufunafuna chipulumutso ku zovuta zilizonse zamitengo, munthawi yamawotchi yomwe ingachitike mosayembekezereka, samazindikira kuti ndi kwanzeru kutero ndikuyamba kuthamanga. Powona moto, amangonjenjemera ndikumamatira ku mitengo ikuluikulu ya bulugamu, yomwe pakati pake pali koalas amakhala, pazifukwa zina akuyang'ana chipulumutso mwa iwo.
Mitundu
Kutalika kwa moyo wa ma koala Padziko Lapansi ngati banja la zimbalangondo zakale za marsupial, malinga ndi asayansi, zikuyerekeza zaka 30 miliyoni. Koma munthawi zakutali zomwe zidalowa mchilimwe, oimira ake amawoneka osiyana.
Ndipo ambiri a iwo amatha kudzitamandira ndi kukula komwe kumapitilira kukula kwa nyama zamakono kuchokera kubanjali kangapo konse. Zonsezi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi zotsalira za zolengedwa izi. Makamaka zotere zambiri zimapezeka kumadera akumwera a Australia.
Komanso, zakale zambiri zamtunduwu zidapezeka ku Queensland, amodzi mwa zigawo zadziko lapansi. Ma Koala akukhalabe gawo lino la dziko lapansi: saliposa 9 kg kulemera ndipo ali ndi imvi. Koma m'chigawo cha Victoria, nyama zamakono zamtunduwu zimapezeka zazikulu. Ndipo ali ndi ubweya wachikuda kwambiri.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mosasamala kanthu za kukula kwa nyama zomwe zimakhala mdera linalake, amuna amasiyana kwambiri kukula kwa akazi, makamaka, amakhala otalika kuwirikiza kawiri m'litali ndi kulemera kwake.
Koala momwe ilili padziko lapansi pano idangowonekera mamiliyoni 15 apitawa.Imawerengedwa kuti ndi abale a wombat. Uyu ndi wokhalamo wakale kwambiri ku Australia, nyama, koala-ngati m'njira zambiri. Masiku ano, imafanana ndi chimbalangondo chaching'ono, ngakhale chikadali chachikulu kuposa nyama yofotokozedwayo.
Masiku ano, koala amadziwika kuti ndi yekhayo woyimira banja la koala ndipo ndi amtundu wa dzina lomweli, lomwe limatchedwa mwanjira ina: chimbalangondo cha marsupial. Ngakhale kuti ndi zamoyo zokha komanso mwachibadwa, nyama zoterezi sizogwirizana kwenikweni ndi zimbalangondo. Koala kujambulidwa akuwonetsa bwino mawonekedwe onse oseketsa komanso okongola akunja anyamazi.
Moyo ndi malo okhala
Awa ndi omwe amakhala m'nkhalango za eucalyptus. Pakati pa nkhalango zamitengo yotereyi, yoyenda ndi mitengo yake, nthambi ndi akorona, zolengedwa zotere zimakhala masiku onse okhala, kuyambira woyamba mpaka womaliza. Pansi, ma koala amathanso kuyenda, ngakhale samayenda bwino. Amapita pansi, ngati pangakhale chikhumbo chosamukira ku mtengo wina momwemonso.
Masana, nyamazi nthawi zambiri zimapuma, chifukwa chake nthawi ino yamasana mumatha kuwona pakati pa nthambi za bulugamu kugona koala... Koma ngakhale nthawi yakudzuka, samakhala okangalika kwenikweni. Zilombozi ndi zaulesi kwambiri, amakhulupirira kuti amakhala mpaka maola makumi awiri patsiku osayenda.
Chokhacho chomwe amadziwa kuchita molimbika, mwachangu komanso mwaluso ndikokwera mitengo, kulumpha mwaluso kuchokera kunthambi ina kupita ku ina. Pamwamba pamitengo ya bulugamu, nthawi zambiri amathawira kwa anthu osafunira zabwino. Komanso, nyamazi zimatha kusambira bwino.
Ma Koala samva kulakalaka kwambiri kuyankhulana ndi amtundu wawo. Kupatula kokha ndi nthawi zoswana, pomwe amakakamizidwa kufunafuna bwenzi pakuchedwa kwachilengedwe. Komabe, nthawi zina pamakhala kusiyana kwamakhalidwe a amuna ndi akazi.
Akazi amakonda kukhazikika m'gawo linalake, nthawi zambiri osasiya madera omwe asankhidwa kale. Kumeneko amakhala mwamtendere, osagwira mwamphamvu pazomwe zikuchitika mozungulira, otanganidwa ndi kugona kwanthawi yayitali ndikusamalira kudzaza m'mimba.
Amuna, kumbali inayo, samakonda kwenikweni magawo awo. Ndipo nthawi zina kulakalaka maulendo ang'onoang'ono kumadzuka mwa iwo. Ndipo akakumana, samangokhala osangalala, komanso amatha kuyambitsa ndewu. Ziwonetsero zoterezi ndizofunikira kwambiri munthawi yamasewera okwatirana. Ndipo panthawi ngati imeneyi kwa ovutitsa anzawo, nkhondozi zimatha kukhala zopanda vuto lililonse.
Koma kwa anthu, zolengedwa zotere sizikhala zowopsa, chifukwa chake, zimasungidwa mosamala mosamala m'malo ena osungira nyama. Kupatula apo, kwa alendo koala – ndi chimbalangondo yaying'ono kukula, nyama yokhala ndi mawonekedwe oseketsa, yomwe imakopa chidwi chawo. Kusunga okhalamo m'makola ndizosafunikira chifukwa chakusowa kwachilengedwe kofuna kuyenda.
Pali nkhani yodziwika pomwe chimbalangondo cham'madzi chotchedwa Mundu chidayesera kuthawa kumalo osungira nyama ku San Diego, koma sichidapambane posaka ufulu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti koala, akuyesetsa kupita kudziko losadziwika, adagona panjira. Chifukwa chake, wopangayo sanayambitse zovuta kwa ogwira ntchito zosungira nyama.
Zowona, kusungitsa nyama zoterezi ukadali ndi mbali zake zosasangalatsa, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta chifukwa cha zina mwazakudya zawo, zomwe tikambirana pambuyo pake.
Zakudya zabwino
Nyama zotere zimatha kudya pafupifupi chomera chimodzi chokha padziko lapansi - bulugamu. Amadya mphukira zake ndi masamba. Koma nthumwi iyi ilibe mapuloteni okwanira, koma mopitilira muyeso imadzaza ndi zinthu zowopsa, ngakhale zakupha ndi zinthu.
Ndipo zigawo zomaliza ndizochulukirapo kotero kuti kuchuluka kwawo kumatha kupitilira kololeka, komwe kumabweretsa imfa. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nyama zambiri zamtunduwu sizingakhale ndi mwayi wopulumuka. Koma bwanji, ndi chakudya choterocho, koala sakhala ndi poizoni?
Chinsinsi chake ndikuti amasankha mitundu ina yokha ya bulugamu yemwe amawakonda kwambiri ngati chakudya. Ndipo iyi si nkhani yophweka. Kusiyanitsa chomera chakupha ndi ena, ma koala amathandizidwa ndi kamvekedwe kake kofulumira kwambiri.
Pazifukwa izi, muli kunyumba koala, ngakhale nyamayi imakhala mwamtendere komanso ikuwoneka bwino, ndizovuta. Mwa mitundu mazana asanu ndi atatu ya bulugamu, amatha kudya popanda kuvulaza matupi awo ochepera pachisanu ndi chimodzi mwa izo.
Ndipo mu ukapolo, chisankhochi chachepetsedwa kwambiri. Eni ake, popeza ndi anthu, alibe mphamvu zokwanira zophunzitsira ziweto zawo ndi chakudya chokwanira. Chifukwa chake, ma koala, okakamizidwa ndi njala kudya chilichonse chomwe apeza, nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa poyizoni mpaka kufa.
Kuchedwa kwa nyamazi kuyeneranso kufotokozedwa ndi mawonekedwe apadera a zakudya. Monga tanenera kale, chakudya chawo mulibe mapuloteni okwanira. Chifukwa chake, kagayidwe kakang'ono kocheperako chifukwa chakuchepa kwa zakudya zomwe zimadya.
Patsiku, nyamayi imafuna pafupifupi kilogalamu ya masamba a bulugamu, yomwe imaphwanya mosamala ndi mano ake, m'njira zonse zomwe zimasinthidwa makamaka kuti zikhale za mtundu uwu. Chinyezi chofunikira pa thupi la koala chimapezekanso kuchokera ku chomera chomwe chimakonda, komanso mame omwe amapanga pamenepo.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Okonzeka kwathunthu kubereka koala nthawi zambiri azaka zitatu. Nthawi yomweyo, akazi, malinga ndi mawonekedwe onse, amapangidwa kale kuposa amuna. Koma kukwereranso koyamba kwa nyama zotere nthawi zambiri kumangokhala ndi zaka zinayi.
Monga tikudziwira kale, zolengedwa izi sizimalumikizana kwambiri nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yakuberekera ikafika (izi zimachitika kamodzi pachaka), zamphongo zimayamba ndi mayitanidwe.
Phokoso ili, lomwe limafalikira kudera lonselo, sikuti limangokhala ngati zikoka zokopa akazi omwe amakhala mdera lawo. Amaganiziridwa kuti kufuula uku kuyenera kuopseza ena omwe adzalembetse ntchito.
Ngati zogonana zikuyenda bwino, amatenga mimba, ndipo amayi a koala amabereka ana awo kwakanthawi kochepa, masiku pafupifupi 35 okha. Zazikazi zazilombozi sizingatchulidwe kuti ndizambiri. Mwana nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chimbalangondo chimodzi chongobadwa kumene. Koma nthawi zina, mapasa amatha kubadwa.
Chimodzi mwazinyama za marsupial ndi, monga mukudziwa, kubadwa kwa ana osakhazikika bwino, omwe amavalidwa ndi akazi m'thumba lachikopa pamimba pawo. Ma koala obadwa kumene amakhala ndi theka la gramu ndipo amakhala ochepera 2 cm.
Koma boma loterolo silitanthauza kuti sizingatheke. Ana oterewa amakhala osangalala ndipo atangobadwa amatengeredwa nawo m'thumba la khungu la amayi. Kumeneko amapitirizabe kukula, kudyetsa mkaka wa amayi, monga momwe zilili ndi nyama.
Ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, olowa m'malo ochepa a koala amayamba kusintha pang'ono pang'ono kupita kuzakudya zazikulu, ndiye kuti, ku chakudya cha bulugamu. Choyamba, mayi yemweyo amatafuna masamba ndi kuwombera nawo, kuwadyetsa zakudya zopepuka, zokoma ndi malovu ake, opatsidwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Izi zimathandiza kuti pang'onopang'ono mwana akhale ndi chimbudzi.
Komanso, anawo pamapeto pake amasiya thumba. Izi zimachitika pafupifupi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Kwa kanthawi, mwana wamphongoyu amakhalabe kwa mayi ake. Alipo kumbuyo kwake, atagwira msana wake ndi zikhadabo zake. Pofika chaka chimodzi, ana amakhala atakhala odziyimira pawokha, koma amayesetsa kukhala pafupi ndi amayi awo kwa miyezi ingapo.
Mu ukapolo, ma koala, ndi chakudya choyenera, amatha kukhala zaka 18. Koma mwachilengedwe, izi zimachitika kawirikawiri. M'malo mwake, nyama zotere sizikhala ndi adani ambiri m'chilengedwe. Nthawi zambiri, kupatula agalu amtchire ndi anthu, palibe amene amawaukira.
Koma zolengedwazi zimakhala ndi zofooka kwambiri, zodwala, chifukwa chake, popanda kuyang'aniridwa ndi ziweto ndi chithandizo chapadera, nthawi zambiri zimafa msanga. Momwe zinthu ziliri, mukakhala m'nkhalango zakutchire, ma koala nthawi zambiri samatha zaka zoposa 13.
