Toucan ndi mbalame yapadera yomwe imangowonekera osati kokha kokha chifukwa cha mtundu wowala, komanso chifukwa cha mtundu wake wapadera. Mbalamezi zimawerengedwa kuti ndizachilendo, ngakhale masiku ano zimapezeka m'malo osungira nyama. Chowonadi ndi chakuti zolengedwa zoterezi ndizosavuta kuweta, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wowasunga ngakhale kunyumba. Tiyeni tisunthire kufotokozera za mbalame ya toucan.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe am'banja
Banja la mbalame zamtundu wa toucan limagwirizanitsa mitundu yambiri yambiri komanso mibadwo yosiyanasiyana. Komabe, onse ndi ofanana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake, kotero sizowvuta kuwafotokozera.
Choyamba, aliyense madera otentha otentha ikuphatikiza kupezeka kwa mbalame mlomo waukulu komanso wowala. Mkati mwa mulomo muli lilime lalitali mofanana lomwe limathandiza mbalame kudya.
Ngakhale gawo ili la thupi silimasiyana pamitundu yayikulu, ndizovuta kwambiri kuti ma toucans aziuluka. Izi ndichifukwa choti mulomo umaphwanya thupi lonse, chifukwa ndizovuta kwambiri kuti mbalame zizikhala bwino.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mlomo wa toucan uli pafupifupi theka la thupi lake
N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kutalika kwa mlomo kumafikira mtengo wofanana ndi theka la kutalika kwa thupi. Zonsezi, kukula kwa nyamazi kumafika masentimita 50-65. Ndipo kulemera kwa mbalame ndikocheperako: magalamu 250-300 okha.
Mtundu wa mtundu uliwonse wa mbalame za toucan uli ndi mawonekedwe ake, chifukwa chake, pofotokozera banja lonse la mbalame, ndizovuta kunena china chake chotsimikizika chokhudza mtundu wa nthenga zawo. Kufanana kokha ndiko kupezeka kwa nthenga zoyera ndi zakuda pa thupi la mbalame.
Kuphatikiza pa mlomo wowala komanso nthenga, tiyenera kutchula maso okongola kwambiri a mbalame. Mtundu wofala kwambiri ndi azure wabuluu, koma mutha kuwona eni ake owala kapena owala mdima.
Mitundu yama toucans
Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane zamagulu ndi mitundu ya banja lomwe talingalirali. Pakadali pano pali mibadwo 6 ndi mitundu pafupifupi 40 ya toucan. Ambiri a iwo samamvetsetseka kapena ndi osowa kwambiri m'chilengedwe. Tiona mitundu yosangalatsa kwambiri yomwe ilipo kale.
Utawaleza toucan
Mtundu uwu umadziwika kuti ndiwofala kwambiri. Mbalame zoterezi zimapezeka pafupifupi ku South America konse, kuphatikizapo kumwera kwa Mexico. Mbalame za utawaleza zimakhala ndi thupi lokwanira pafupifupi 50 cm ndi kulemera kwake mpaka magalamu 400.
Mukayang'ana nthenga, mutha kuwona pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya utawaleza. Ndipo mitundu ya milomo imaphatikizapo zobiriwira, zamtambo, zachikasu, lalanje ndi zofiira. Nthenga zakuda kumbuyo ndi mbali yakumunsi ya thupi chimapanga chifuwa chobiriwira chachikaso chokhala ndi kamzere kakang'ono kofiira. Ma toucans ena amakhala ndi kamizere kakang'ono ka lalanje mbali zawo.
Chakudya ndi moyo wa mbalame za utawaleza sizinthu zapadera. Komabe, ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti amadya zipatso zamitengo yathunthu, osatsegula. Chifukwa chake, njere zomwe zimapezeka mu zipatso ndi zipatso zimatha kumera zitapukusidwa mwachindunji m'mimba mwa utawaleza.
Mitundu monga toucan yam'mero, yamabele ofiyira komanso yamabele oyera, kuphatikiza mtundu wa nthenga, zimasiyana pang'ono ndi mbalame za utawaleza. Komabe, ndikofunikira kulankhula padera za oimira akulu kwambiri amtunduwu.
Big toucan
Mbalame zamtunduwu ndizofala kwambiri padziko lapansi. Nthawi zambiri amafanizidwa ndi ofanana ndi ma toucansngati Atlantic mbalame zakufa. Puffins, ngakhale kuti si yayikulu kukula, ali ndi nthenga zakuda ndi zoyera komanso mulomo wawukulu wa lalanje.
Kulemera kwa thupi la toucan lalikulu limaposa theka la kilogalamu ndipo limatha kufikira magalamu 750-800, ndipo kutalika kwake kwa thupi kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 55-65. Mosiyana ndi ena am'banja mwawo, mbalame zazikuluzikuluzi sizikhala ndi nthenga zowala komanso zosaiwalika.
Ngakhale zili choncho, zimawoneka zaukhondo komanso zokongola. Thupi la nyama limakutidwa ndi nthenga zakuda ndi zoyera, ndipo milomo yawo ndi yowala lalanje.
Mitundu yamtundu wa toucans iyi imagawidwa pafupifupi kudera lonse la South ndi North America.
Tukanets
Mtundu wapadera wa banja la toucan umayimilidwa ndi ma toucanets - mbalame zazing'ono zokhala ndi nthenga zokongola komanso zowala. Wodziwika kwambiri pamtunduwu ndi emerald toucanet.
Kutalika kwakukulu kwa thupi la mbalamezi ndi masentimita 35-37, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi magalamu 150 okha. Nthenga zawo zimapangidwa ndi utoto wobiriwira wa emarodi. Mlomo ndi waukulu, monga lamulo, wakuda ndi wachikasu.
Mtundu wa ma toucanets umadziwika ndi mtundu wamasinthidwewu monga kufanana. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mbalame zomwe zakhazikika m'malo osiyanasiyana ndizosiyana ndikusiyana. Komabe, amasungabe gawo lodziwika bwino, chifukwa ali mgulu lomweli.
Madera aku America afalikira.
Wakuda pakhosi arasari
Arasari ndi mtundu wina wabanja la toucan. Oimira ake, monga lamulo, alibe magawo akulu kwambiri: kutalika - mpaka 45 cm ndi kulemera - mpaka magalamu 300.
Mitundu ya pakhosi lakuda imakhala ndi nthenga zakuda zofewa, "zosungunuka" ndi nthenga zachikasu pachifuwa ndi kamzere kakang'ono kofiira pafupi ndi thupi lakumunsi. Mlomo nthawi zambiri umakhala wakuda komanso wachikasu.
Mbalameyi, monga oimira ena amtunduwu, imapezeka ku South America.
Guiana Selenidera
Mbalameyi, mwina, ikhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa zachilendo kwambiri m'banja. Mbalame zazing'ono ndi zoyera, makamaka zopaka utoto wamtundu wakuda, zimakhala ndi "mphete" yabuluu yozungulira diso ndi "mabotolo" ang'onoang'ono ofiira ndi achikasu pathupi lonse. Mlomo ndi wakuda ndikufiyira pang'ono kumunsi kwake.
Selenider ndi wamtali wa 30-35 cm okha, ndipo thupi limatha kufikira magalamu 100. Mbalame zimapezeka ku South America. Amakonda malo okhala ofunikira, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo amitsinje ndi nyanja.
Malo okhala Toucan
Zomwe tinganene za kumene kumakhala mbalame ya toucan? Monga tanena kale, nkhaniyi ikunena makamaka za mbalame zotentha zomwe zimakonda nyengo yotentha komanso yachinyezi.
Kuphatikiza pa nyengo, zina zimakhudzanso kufalikira kwa ma toucans. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa chosauluka bwino, mbalamezi zimakonda kwambiri "kukwera" mitengo. Chifukwa chake, pamoyo wabwinobwino, amafunikira nkhalango, komwe sangapeze malo ogona okha, komanso chakudya chabwino.
Poganizira zonsezi, titha kunena kuti malo abwino kwambiri okhala ndi nkhalango za nkhalango ndi nkhalango za ku South ndi North America. Tikafunsidwa za osamuka osamuka kapena ayi, mutha kuyankha molakwika. Mbalamezi zimakhala bwino kwambiri kumene zimakhala, zomwe sizimachoka kwa nthawi yayitali.
Anthu aku Toucans amamva bwino m'nkhalango
Zowonadi, mbalame zokongola izi zimapezeka m'maiko monga Brazil, Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador ndi ena. Amakhazikika m'mapanga, opangidwa pawokha kapena "kumenyedwa" ndi nyama zazing'ono.
Moyo m'nkhalango ndi wotetezeka mokwanira ku mbalame ya toucan. Komabe, nyama nthawi zambiri zimazunzidwa ndi anthu osaka nyama, omwe nthawi zambiri samangogwira mbalame kuti zigulitsidwe mosaloledwa, komanso amazipha, pofuna kusangalala ndi nthenga zokongola komanso zofewa. Kusaka mbalame chifukwa cha milomo yawo kulinso kofala.
Chakudya cha ku Toucan
Ma Toucans ndi mbalame zodyera zomwe amasankha mosamala zomwe angadye. Kuposa momwemonso mbalame ya toucan imadyetsa? Monga lamulo, amadya zipatso zokoma ndi zipatso zomwe zimakhala m'malo awo. Banana amadziwika kuti ndi chipatso chomwe amakonda.
Komabe, mbalamezi sizimangodya chakudya chodzala, komanso tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, ma arthropods osati zokwawa zazikulu kwambiri. Si zachilendo kuti iwo "azibera" anapiye ang'onoang'ono kapena mazira awo kuzisa.
Pankhani yodyetsa, milomo ya ma toucans imathandiza kwambiri. Lilime lalitali limalola kuti apeze chakudya, makamaka tizilombo. Ndipo kapangidwe kameneka ka mlomo kamathandiza kutsegula zipatso ndi mazira a mbalame zina.
Kubereka kwa ma toucans
Nyama zokondazi zimasankha bwenzi limodzi moyo wonse. Pafupifupi kamodzi pachaka ndi theka, ali ndi anapiye: kuchokera kwa 2 mpaka 5 oimira. Kuganizira chithunzi cha mbalame za toucans mitengo, mutha kuwona mazira okongola owala bwino omwe sali akulu kukula.
Makolo amasamalira ana awo ndikuwateteza. Inde, anapiye amafunika kuwayang'anira nthawi zonse. Amabadwa maliseche, osathandiza komanso osawona. Komabe, amafunikira miyezi iwiri yokha kuti athe kusintha, ndipo nthawi zina masabata 6 ndi okwanira.
Anthu aku Touc amasankha okha mtundu umodzi wamoyo
Pambuyo pa zaka 1.5-2, anapiye a toucan amatha kukhala ndi moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Pofika msinkhu uwu, amafikira kukula kofunikira ndipo amakhala ndi mwayi wofunafuna mnzake wokhala ndi ana. Ndipo makolo awo, monga lamulo, akhoza kuyamba kusamalira ana atsopano.
Anthu aku Toucans amalira mokweza polankhula ndi abale awo. Nthawi zina amatha "kufotokozera" kumveka kopangidwa ndi nyama zina zotentha. Nthawi zambiri, motere, mbalame zimathawa adani awo achilengedwe, omwe amakhumudwa kwambiri ndikamveka kotere.
Mverani mawu a toucan
Utali wamoyo
Mbalame zachilendozi sizikhala motalika kwambiri - zaka 15 zokha. Musaiwale kuti zaka ziwiri kuchokera nthawi imeneyi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mbalame zizitha kusintha moyo wawo wachikulire. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, ma toucans amatha kukhala okhaokha ndi makolo awo ndikupeza ana awo.
Anthu ena am'banja amwalira ngakhale asanakwane - ali ndi zaka 10-12. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha ntchito yayikulu ya anthu opha nyama mosavomerezeka kapena mbalame zina zomwe zimabadwa nako.
M'malo osungira nyama kapena m'nyumba, ma toucan amatha kukhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali - zaka 40-50. Chifukwa chake, chidwi chanthawi zonse kwa mbalame zaufumu wa anthu zimakhudza, komanso chitetezo chathunthu.
Kusunga mu ukapolo
Mwachilengedwe chawo, ma toucan amakhala amtendere kwambiri komanso ochezeka. Chifukwa chake, mosamala bwino, amatha kukhala mosamala m'makola osungira zinyama kapena ngakhale m'nyumba ndi nyumba. Mbalame sizizolowera anthu ndipo zimayamba kuzidalira.
Chofunikira ndikukhazikitsidwa kwa malo omwe amatsanzira malo okondedwa omwe mbalame zimakonda.
Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, ma toucans amakhulupirira anthu ndi zakudya zawo. Popanda kufunika kopeza chakudya paokha, amadya pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe anthu angapereke. Zitha kukhala zakudya zomanga thupi, tizilombo, ngakhale ang'onoang'ono amphibiya.
Komabe, iwo amene asankha kukhala ndi mbalame yachilendo ngati toucan ayenera kukumbukira mtengo wogulira nyamayo. Kugula nkhuku ndalama mdziko lathu osachepera 60,000 rubles, komanso kumafunikira zolemba zofunikira ndikutsimikizira zikhalidwe zabwino zomangidwa.
Anthu aku Toucans amafunikira chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro nthawi zonse, zomwe ayenera kulandira kuchokera kwa eni ake kapena osunga zinyama.
Chifukwa chake, m'nkhaniyi tidasanthula mawonekedwe a mbalame zokongola kwambiri zosowa - ma toucans. Tikukulangizani kuti mupite kumalo osungira nyama, omwe akuwonetsa mitundu yonse ya nyama zokongolazi. Kupatula apo, mtundu uliwonse wamtunduwu ndi wapadera m'njira zawo ndipo ndi nkhani yochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuti mupitilize kuphunzira.
