Primorsky Krai ili kum'mawa kwa kontinenti ya Eurasian, pagombe la Nyanja ya Japan. Kumpoto, Primorye ili pafupi ndi Khabarovsk Territory. Malire ndi China amakhala kumadzulo. Kum'mwera chakumadzulo kuli gawo laling'ono lamalire ndi Korea.
Gawo la malire - 1500 km - ndi gombe la nyanja. Mapiri ndiwo gawo lalikulu la malowa. 20% yokha ndi gawo lathyathyathya. Kuyandikira kwa nyanja yamkuntho komanso nyengo yamvula yamkuntho kumapangitsa kuti nyama zamtundu wina zikule ku Primorye.
Zinyama Zaku Primorye
Mitundu yoposa 80 yazinyama zodyetsa komanso zodya nyama zimakhala ndikuswana ku Primorsky Territory. Akambuku a Ussuri ndi akambuku a Amur ndi otchuka kwambiri Zinyama Zofiira za Primorsky Krai.
Kambuku ka Amur
Chinyama chili ndi dzina lapakati - nyalugwe waku Far East. Alenje olimbikira, atazolowera moyo wamtchire, sakanatha kulimbana ndi kuwononga nyama, ntchito zachuma za anthu komanso kuswana kwambiri.
Chiwerengero cha nyama ku Primorye chidagwa pamphepete mwa kutha kwathunthu: palibe anthu opitilira 85-90. Funso limakulitsidwa ndikubala pang'onopang'ono kwa nyalugwe: zazikazi zimabweretsa mphasa 1-2 kamodzi zaka zitatu.
Kambuku wamkulu amalemera makilogalamu 50-60. Iwo amavala ubweya wandiweyani wokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera oteteza kutentha. Mtundu wa ubweya umakhala wamba, wokhala ndi mawanga akuda pamchenga. Ku subspecies zakum'mawa kwa Far, utoto wake ndiwopepuka kuposa achibale akumwera.
Nyalugwe amasaka mdera lake la 200-300 mita lalikulu. Km. Zimatuluka, nguluwe zakutchire, ndi mbalame zam'mwamba zimadya nyama zolusa. Zakudyazo zimakhala ndi tizilombo, amphibiya, nsomba. Zakudya zomanga thupi zimathandiza kambuku kukhala ndi moyo zaka 15.
Nyalugwe wa Amur
Zinyama za Primorsky Gawo monyadira mphaka wosowa wodya nyama - nyalugwe wa Amur. Dzina lachiwiri la chilombocho ndi kambuku ka Ussuri. Ndilo lalikulu kwambiri pa mitundu 6 ya tiger yomwe ilipo.
Kwa nthawi yayitali adaopsezedwa kuti sadzakhalaponso. Chiwerengero chochepa koma chokhazikika cha anthu pafupifupi 450-500. Ntchito yosamalira zachilengedwe ikubweretsa kuwonjezeka kwakanthawi kosiyanasiyana kwa ziwombankhanga.
Nyama Primorsky amakhala ndi malaya akunja odula, mtundu wowala komanso kupezeka kwa mafuta osanjikiza. Kuphatikiza apo, ma subsurpies a Amur amakhala ndi miyendo yayifupi, mchira wopingasa komanso makutu ang'onoang'ono.
Akambukuwo ndi nyama yakutchire. Wamphongo amatenga malo okwana mpaka 800 mita lalikulu ngati malo ake osakira. Km, mkaziyo ali ndi theka lonena. Akambuku amasaka mbalame zotchedwa taiga artiodactyls: nswala ndi bovids. Ikhoza kulimbana ndi nkhumba zakutchire, zimbalangondo. Milandu yakuzunzidwa kwa anthu ndiyosowa.
Chimbalangondo cha Himalaya
Mwa ma subspecies 7 a chimbalangondo cha Himalaya, m'modzi amakhala ku Primorye - Ussuri chimbalangondo choyera. Chimbalangondo chimachita bwino m'nkhalango zosakanikirana kapena zosakanikirana.
Nyama imeneyi ndi yaying'ono kukula kuposa mnzake wabulauni: imalemera 120-140 kg. Imadyetsa chakudya chobiriwira, chopangidwa ndi chomera, nyama ngati zingatheke, sizinyansitsa zovunda. Aukali kwambiri, kuphatikiza kwa anthu.
Chiwerengero cha chimbalangondo cha Ussuri ndi mitu zikwi zingapo. Chiwerengero cha nyama chimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kudula mitengo mwachisawawa komanso kuwonongeka kwa nkhalango. Ku East, zikopa ndi nyama zikufunika. Kuletsedwa kwa malonda a zonyamula zimbalangondo ku China kwathandizira kwambiri anthu akum'maŵa akutali a chimbalangondo choyera.
Gwape wofiira kapena nswala zofiira
Ndi mitundu yayikulu yaku Far East ya agwape ofiira. Unyinji wamwamuna umafikira makilogalamu 300-400, kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala pafupifupi 2 m, kutalika kukufota ndi 1.5 mita.Akazi ndiopepuka komanso ochepa.
Nyanga zazimuna zimakula kuyambira zaka ziwiri. Masika aliwonse, mafupa amakula ndikuyamba kukula. Nyanga zimakula kuyambira Epulo mpaka Julayi. Pambuyo pake amabwera kudzathetsa kukonzeka kwawo mu Ogasiti.
Ndikumaliza kwa kupanga nyanga mu Seputembara-Okutobala, nyengo yoswana imayamba ndi nswala zofiira. Chinyama chimatsimikizira kulimba kwake ndi mphamvu ya kubangula komanso nthambi zamanyanga. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwanira kuthamangitsa opikisana nawo ofooka.
Otsutsana ofanana amafikira pankhondo. Amuna amafika pachimake pa mphamvu ndikukopa amuna ali ndi zaka 6-12, nthawi yomweyo amakula makamaka nyanga zamitundatundu. Monga mibadwo ya nyama, amataya nthambi ndi nyonga.
Manchu hare
Chinyama chochokera kubanja la akalulu. Kulemera kwa kalulu sikupitirira 2.5 kg. Kunja kofanana ndi kalulu wamtchire: miyendo ndi makutu ndizofupikitsa kuposa za kalulu. Ku Primorye, imapezeka kulikonse. Amakonda malo otsika kwambiri okhala ndi mitengo yaying'ono, tchire.
Amadyetsa madzulo, usiku. Amakhala m'malo obisika tsiku lonse. M'nyengo yozizira, imadzibisa yokha chisanu, momwe makulidwe ake amatha kupanga ma tunnel osawonekera pamtunda kwa nthawi yayitali. M'nyengo yotentha, kalulu amabala ana katatu, koma ana amakhala ochepa: 2-4 hares. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa adani, hares nthawi zambiri samatha kufikira zaka zakubadwa: zaka 15.
Galu wama Raccoon
Nyama yomwe imawoneka ngati nkhandwe, koma siyachibale chake. Chinyamacho chimalemera pafupifupi 3 kg, chimakhala chowonjezera m'nyengo yozizira. Ndi gawo la banja la canine. Far East ndi kwawo kwa agalu; adadziwitsidwa ku Europe pazamalonda.
Amakhala ndi kudyetsa m'malo otsika, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mitsinje yodzala ndi tchire. Madzulo ndi usiku amachita nawo kusonkhanitsa nkhono, kugwira amphibiya, kuwononga zisa ndi kufunafuna zovunda.
Woyimira yekhayo wa canine amakonda kubisala. Pachifukwa ichi, imakumba maenje, nthawi zambiri imakhala malo obisalamo nyama zina. Amakhazikika mwa iwo ndikugona m'nyengo yozizira. Pakakhala nyengo yozizira, imatha kusokoneza nyengo yozizira.
Mkazi amabweretsa ana agalu 5-7, nthawi zina kuposa. Agalu samakhala motalika: zaka 3-4. Ngakhale chiwopsezo cha galu, kupezeka kwa adani ambiri, anthu aku Far East akutukuka, kuchuluka kukukulira.
Amur hedgehog
Zinyama zochokera kubanja la hedgehog. Zofanana kwambiri ndi hedgehog wamba waku Europe. Amapezeka paliponse, kupatula malo am'mapiri opitilira 1000 mita.Chinyama ndi chakumadzulo, usiku.
Amadyetsa zosawerengeka, amatha kusintha mitundu yake ndi zipatso, ndipo, ngati muli ndi mwayi, mbewa yaying'ono. Amamanga pogona: dzenje losaya, chisa. Zimapita ku hibation m'nyengo yozizira. Chakumapeto kwa masika, hedgehog imabweretsa ma hedgehogs 3-5, omwe amakhala ndi mayi mpaka nthawi yophukira.
Amur mphaka
Chimodzi mwazigawo zisanu za mphaka wa Bengal. Amphaka a Amur kapena Ussuri - Nyama Primorsky Krai, yomwe imapezeka nthawi zambiri m'malo otsika ozungulira Nyanja ya Khanka. Amatha kuwonekera pagombe la Nyanja ya Japan komanso mdera la Ussuri.
Nyamayo imalemera 5-6 kg ndipo imafanana ndi mphaka woweta kukula ndi malamulo. Mphaka wa Bengal uli ndi mtundu wa kambuku, ma subspecies a Amur amasintha kwambiri, osasiyana kwambiri. Amur mphaka - mlenje bwino, kugwira makoswe, amphibians, mbalame. Ndi nyengo yabwino, itha kukhala zaka 17.
Kalulu wam'nyanja
Wodya nyama zam'madzi, nyama yayikulu yochokera m'banja la zisindikizo zenizeni. Ndichisindikizo chachikulu kwambiri chomwe chimapezeka pagombe la Russia. M'nyengo yozizira, kulemera kwake kumatha kufika 350 kg. Amadyetsa m'madzi a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, m'malo ozama kwambiri. Zakudya za chisindikizo cha ndevu zimaphatikizapo nkhono ndi nsomba zapansi.
Pazinthu zokomerana, samasankha magombe, koma amangoyenda pansi. Kuphatikizana kumachitika mozungulira Epulo, patatha miyezi 11-12 mwana wagalu mmodzi amawoneka wopitilira mita. Mwana wakhanda amakhala wodziimira payekha: amatha kusambira ndikutsika.
Pofuna kupanga ana, ndevu zandevu zimasonkhana m'malo ena, koma sizigwirizana ndi malo okhala anthu ambiri, zili patali kwambiri. Kutalika kwa moyo kwa zisindikizo za ndevu ndi zaka 25-30.
Mbalame za Primorsky Krai
Mitundu 360 ya mbalame zisa mu Primorye. Nthawi zambiri m'nyengo yozizira m'derali, theka la mbalame zimapita kumwera: kupita ku China, Korea, India, zilumba za Pacific.
Chimandarini bakha
Bakha wa nkhalango yaying'ono, zisa ku Primorye, Sakhalin, zimauluka kumwera kwa China m'nyengo yozizira. Mkazi ndi wosadabwitsa; wamwamuna ali ndi chovala chokongoletsera chokongola: chopindika pamutu ndi nthenga zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Amasankha mitsinje ing'onoing'ono yam'nyanja ndi nyanja zisa zawo.
Mosiyana ndi abakha ena, bakha la chimandarini amatha kukhala panthambi zamitengo. Osachita mantha ndi mawonekedwe anthropomorphic. M'mayiwe am'mizinda ndi ngalande, nthawi zambiri imasungidwa ngati mbalame yokongola. Mikhalidwe yokhazikika, bakha la chimandarini amatha kukhala zaka zoposa 10.
Dokowe wakum'mawa
Mbalame yosawerengeka kwambiri, yochokera kubanja la dokowe, yokhazikika ku Primorye. Chiwerengero cha adokowe ndi anthu zikwi 2-3. Chachikulu kuposa adokowe oyera ku Europe. Imafanana ndi mtundu wake, kupatula mulomo wakuda, pafupifupi wakuda.
Amamanga zisa zake kutali ndi nyumba, pazachilengedwe komanso zokulirapo. Mkazi amaikira mazira 2-5. Wamphongo amathandiza wamkazi kudyetsa anapiye. Pokha pokha pofika zaka zitatu mpamene mbalame zazing'ono zimakula ndikukhala ndi ana awo.
Crane ya Daursky
Mbalame zosowa - nyama za Red Book Primorsky Krai... Anthu aku Far East ali pafupifupi anthu 5000. Mbalameyi ndi yayikulu: pang'ono kupitirira 2 mita kutalika, imalemera pafupifupi 5.5 kg.
Ku Primorye, imapezeka nthawi zambiri mkati mwa Chilumba cha Khanka, m'mbali mwa Mtsinje wa Ussuri. Kuphatikiza pa Gawo la Primorsky, amapezeka ku Transbaikalia, Khabarovsk Territory. Kwa nthawi yozizira, ambiri amathawira ku Peninsula yaku Korea. Mbalameyi ndi yopatsa chidwi: imakola masamba, imagwira amphibiya, tizilombo, nsomba.
Kwa zaka 3-4 za moyo amadzipeza yekha wokwatirana naye. Mabungwe ogwirizana a mbalame samasokoneza moyo wawo wonse. M'madera achithaphwi, yaikazi imamanga chisa chowoneka bwino, ikaikira dzira limodzi kapena awiri. Ngakhale zaka 20 zamoyo, zokolola zochepa komanso chidwi chazinthu zachilengedwe zimasiya ma crane a Daurian atatsala pang'ono kutha.
Mphungu yam'madzi ya Steller
Nyama yamphongo yochititsa chidwi, yomwe imapezeka ku Primorye m'malo oyandikana ndi gombe la Nyanja ya Japan. Ndi gawo la banja la mphamba. Mbalameyi ndi yayikulu kwambiri, kulemera kwake kumatha kufika 7-9 kg.
Mitundu yonse yamitundu yakuda ndi yakuda ndi nthenga zoyera pamapewa, m'mphepete mwa miyendo. Nthenga za mchira, zokutira nthenga zazing'ono ndi zapakatikati, ndizoyera. Mtundu wowoneka bwino, wosiyanitsa sapezeka nthawi zonse: pali mitundu ya monochromatic.
Chiwombankhanga chimadyetsa nsomba, makamaka nsomba. Amagwira hares, nkhandwe, makoswe, samakana nyama zakufa. Amamanga zisa pafupi ndi madzi, momwe amaswa anapiye 1-3.
Nsomba za Primorsky Krai
Pafupifupi mitundu 100 ya nsomba imakhala ndi kuswana m'mbali mwa nyanja. Zazikuluzikulu zimalemera mazana a kilogalamu, zazing'ono kwambiri zimalemera magalamu angapo. Zina mwazo ndi mitundu yamadzi amchere, am'nyanja, odometsa komanso ochepa omwe amapezeka.
Nsomba za Pacific
Mtundu wa nsomba wodziwika bwino kwa asodzi ndi ogula, womwe ndi gawo la banja lalikulu la nsomba. Izi ndi nsomba zowopsa zomwe zimasintha moyo wawo ndipo ngakhale utoto ndi mawonekedwe, kutengera momwe akukhalira. Salimoni amadziwika kwambiri ndi kukoma kwa nyama ndi caviar. Mtundu wa Pacific umaphatikizapo:
- Nsomba Pinki. Kulemera kwake kwa nsombazi ndi 2 kg. Salmon yayikulu yolembedwa idalemera 7 kg.
- Chum. Kulemera kwa nsombayi kumafika makilogalamu 15, wamkazi wolemera kwambiri yemwe wagwidwa amalemera makilogalamu 20.
- Nsomba Coho. Imalemera pafupifupi 7 kg. M'madzi, imapanga nyumba zokhalamo, kukula ndi kulemera kwake ndizochepa kwambiri.
- Sima. Kulemera kwake kwa nsombayo kuli mkati mwa 10 kg. Mumitsinje ya Primorye, Khabarovsk Territory, imapanga malo okhala pakati. Anthu amderali amalitcha kuti mbaula.
- Nsomba zofiira. Nsombayo ili ndi dzina lina - lofiira. Nyama yake si pinki ngati salimoni yonse, koma yofiira kwambiri. Amalemera pafupifupi 3 kg.
- Chinook nsomba. Kutalika kwa anthu akulu kumafika 1.5 m, ndipo kulemera kwake mpaka 60 kg. Amuna amapanga mawonekedwe ochepa. Mpaka zaka ziwiri, amakula mumtsinje, osasunthira kunyanja, pambuyo pake amatenga nawo gawo pakubala.
Pali magawo awiri akulu m'moyo wa salmonids ambiri: nyanja ndi mtsinje. Nsombazi zimakula munyanja, nthawi yosasitsa imatenga zaka 1 mpaka 6. Itafika pokhwima, nsomba imakwera mitsinje kuti iswane. Salmon ya Pacific imasankha mitsinje komwe adabadwira kuti athe kutenga nawo mbali. Kuphatikiza apo, palibe nsomba imodzi yomwe idzapulumuke mazirawo ataswana.
Zokwawa
M'nthawi ya Mesozoic, zokwawa zidalamulira dziko lapansi. Yaikulu kwambiri - ma dinosaurs - adatha, enawo sachita gawo lotere. Mitundu yakale komanso yapadera ya zokwawa zimapezeka ku Primorsky Territory.
Njoka ya Amur
Njoka yayikulu kwambiri osati ku Far East kokha, komanso ku Russia konse. Imatalika kutalika ndi mamita 2. Mbali yakuthambo ya njokayo imakhala yofiirira kapena yakuda. M'munsi, mozungulira, gawo lake ndi lachikasu, lothimbirira. Thupi lonse limakongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yakuda kapena yachikaso. Pali anthu akuda, osangalala.
Njokayi imapezeka m'nkhalango ndi m'mapiri ku Far East. Akuwuluka pamapiri otsetsereka mpaka kutalika kwa mamita 900. Pofunafuna chakudya, amayendera madera olima, amalowa m'nyumba zosiyidwa, akukwera mitengo.
Chakudyacho ndichikhalidwe cha njoka: makoswe, achule, molluscs. Kutha kukwawa pamitengo kumakupatsani mwayi wopeza mazira ndi anapiye a mbalame. Njokayo siipha, imapachika nyama yayikulu isanameze. Njokayo imasaka mwakhama masana. Imabisala usiku, imagwera makanema oimitsidwa m'nyengo yozizira.
Miyala yamiyala
Njokayo imachokera kubanja la njoka. Zitsanzo zazikulu kwambiri sizipitilira masentimita 80. Mutu wodziwika bwino umaphimbidwa ndi mbale ndi zikopa. Mbali yakumbuyo ya thupi imakhala yofiirira. Mimbayo ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: kuyambira imvi mpaka pafupifupi yakuda. Mikwingwirima yosiyanayi ili mthupi lonse.
Shitomordnik imapezeka ku Far East konse. Ku Primorye, pali madera osiyanasiyana: kuchokera kudera lamapiri mpaka kutsetsereka kwa mapiri mpaka kutalika kwa mamita 2-3 zikwi. Njokayo ndi yosawerengeka komanso si ya poizoni kwambiri. Zotsatira za kuluma zimatha masiku 5-7.
Amphibians
Kufupi ndi mayiko ofunda, zilumba zakunja kwa Pacific Ocean zidathandizira kusiyanasiyana kwa nyama zonse. Zamoyo zoyambirira zam'mimba zasintha kukhala mitundu yapadera, nthawi zina yomwe imakhalapo, amphibian.
Zowonongeka
Mitundu yatsopano ya newt, kutalika kwake kumafika 180 mm. Amakhala m'mitsinje ndi mitsinje ikuyenda pakati pa mkungudza komanso nkhalango zosakanikirana. Amakonda madzi ozizira, ozizira. Pansi ndi m'mphepete mwake muyenera kukutidwa ndi mchenga wolimba ndi miyala. Nthaka imeneyi imathandiza chimbalangondo kubisala: pakawopsa, chimadzibisa mu gawo lapansi.
Newt amadyetsa tizilombo, mollusks. Kugwira kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala. M'dzinja, timitengo timene timapezeka timagulu ta mitengo yowola, maenje ndi ming'alu ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja: timakonzekera kugona tulo. Nthawi yozizira yozizira imatha mpaka kutentha kwa mpweya ndi nthaka.
Chiwombankhanga chakum'mawa
Amphibiyani wopanda mchira wautali masentimita 5. Mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, amphibiya otchedwa achule. Koma achule ali ndi kusiyana: sagwiritsa ntchito lilime lawo ngati chida chachikulu chogwirira tizilombo. Amagwira nyama zam'madzi zam'madzi ndi zam'mlengalenga ndi pakamwa pawo, ndikudzithandiza ndi zikopa zawo zakutsogolo.
Achule ali ndi chachilendo china: kuwopseza adani, khungu lawo limatulutsa poizoni. Amatchedwa bombesin ndipo amayambitsa kupsa mtima kwa mucosal. Imfa imatha kupezeka munyama zazing'ono. Zovala zowala zimachenjeza omwe angadye nyama kuti amphibian ndi owopsa.
Kuteteza nyama zakutchire mdera la Primorsky - Osangosamalira nyama zikuluzikulu zodya nyama ndi zitsamba zazikulu, ndikutetezedwa, kuphatikiza timitedza tating'onoting'ono.
