Mawonekedwe ndi malo a belladonna crane
Monga nthumwi ya banja la crane, mbalameyi imadziwika kuti ndi yaying'ono kwambiri pakati pa anzawo, yolemera makilogalamu opitilira 3 komanso kukula kwake pafupifupi masentimita 89.
Crane Belladonna ili ndi milomo yayifupi yachikasu, mutu wakuda ndi khosi. Maso amawonekera ndi utoto wofiira lalanje. Mbali yapadera ya abale ena ndi kusapezeka kwa madazi kumutu.
Monga tawonera chithunzi cha crane belladonna, mthunzi wa nthenga za mbalameyi ndi imvi. Mapiko a mapiko ndi otuwa phulusa. Ndipo kuchokera pamlomo mpaka kumbuyo kwa mutu, gawo limodzi la nthenga zaimvi zoyera limaonekera.
Ndikukula, mtundu wowala wa cranes umakhala wakuda kwambiri poyerekeza ndi achinyamata. Liwu la Demoiselle ndi losangalatsa, labwino kwambiri komanso losangalatsa kurlyk.
Mverani mawu a belladonna crane
Pakati pa mawonekedwe a crane ya belladonna pali chinthu chochititsa chidwi cha kapangidwe kake. Zala zakumiyendo yakuda za mbalameyi, pofupikitsa kuposa mileme ina, zimathandiza kwambiri kuti izitha kuyenda bwinobwino. Cholengedwa ichi chimayenda bwino pakati, chodzala ndi masamba owirira, matsamba - achilengedwe demoiselle crane zone zachilengedwe.
Mwa oimira banja lawo, mbalamezi zili m'malo achitatu. Zonsezi, pali mbalame pafupifupi 200,000 (kapena pang'ono pang'ono) padziko lapansi. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, wachiwiri pamndandanda wofalikira pakati pa zolengedwa zamoyo padziko lapansi ndi crane waku Canada.
Pafupifupi zaka zana zapitazo, anthu a Demoiselle adachuluka, ndipo kukhalapo kwa nyama zamtunduwu sikuwopsezedwa. Komabe, m'zaka 100 zapitazi, zinthu zasintha kwambiri.
Ndipo ngakhale mbalame zamtunduwu zimafalikira kuchokera ku Europe kupita ku Western Siberia ndi Transbaikalia, zomwe zikupezeka madera 47, pakadali pano belladonna crane amakhala makamaka m'malo ouma, pakati pa zigwa za madera komanso m'malo am'chipululu. Pali mbalame zambiri zotere ku Kalmykia komanso m'malo a hotelo ku Kazakhstan. Alinso ochuluka ku Mongolia.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa cradel belladonna
Mbalameyi imagawidwa ngati mtundu wina wofunikira chitetezo, zomwe zimadziwika mu Red Book. Crane Belladonna kukumana m'chilengedwe kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Koma zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli sizinali zosaka konse, chifukwa kusaka mbalamezi, ngakhale zikuchitika, kumangokhala m'maiko ena aku Asia.
Zochita zachuma za anthu, kulima kwa malo opondaponda ndi kusamutsidwa kwa mbalame m'malo omwe amakhala, komwe amakhala kwazaka zambiri, zidasokoneza dziko. Komabe, belladonna samawopa anthu, ndipo amatha kusintha zisa zawo kuminda yolimidwa.
Ku Mongolia, kuchuluka kwa mitundu iyi ya crane kumakhalabebe. Ndipo sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa anthu akomweko, abusa ndi osamukasamuka, amalambira mbalamezi. Ku Ukraine, zaka mazana angapo zapitazo, ziweto zamapiko zotere zimasungidwa ndi nkhuku zina, ndipo kuweta si vuto konse.
Crane Belladonna – mbalame, oimira nthumwi zosamukira muufumu wokhala ndi nthengawo. Zilombo zamapikozi zimakhala m'nyengo yozizira, zikuuluka kuchokera kumalo awo achizolowezi m'magulu a anthu mazana angapo, ku India ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Africa.
Nsapato zawo zimauluka, monga lamulo, kutsika, kulengeza malo okhala ndi malipenga. Nthawi ndi nthawi, mamembala a gulu la nthenga amasintha malo. Pouluka, amakonda kukupiza mapiko awo, kutambasula mutu ndi miyendo, nthawi zina kuuluka m'mwamba.
M'nyengo yozizira, mbalame nthawi zambiri zimapanga gulu limodzi ndikubadwa kwawo, magrey cranes. Masiku amathera pofunafuna chakudya m'minda yambewu, ndipo kuzilumba usiku ndi madera am'madzi osaya amasankhidwa ngati malo opumira. Ndi kuyamba kwa kasupe, belladonna, ndikupanga timagulu tating'onoting'ono, kubwerera kumalo awo okhala ndi zisa.
Ma demoisel nthawi zambiri amasungidwa kumalo osungira nyama, komwe amamera bwino ndikuberekana bwino. M'chilimwe, malo omwe amapangidwira ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito ndege, ndipo nthawi yozizira, mbalame zimasunthidwa kuzipinda zosanjikizika.
Chakudya cha crane cha Demoiselle
A Bellados amakhala akugwira ntchito yodyera koyambirira kwa tsikulo, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamasamba. Amakonda nyemba ndi tirigu; zitsamba payokha: nyemba ndi zina, nthawi zambiri, zimadya pagawo la zomerazi. Pakutha nyengo yotentha, mbalame zimakonda kubwera kudzacheza m'minda. Apo Cranes ya belladonna imadyetsa zipatso za zokolola zatsopano.
Koma belladonna samangodya zamasamba zokha, amatha kusaka tizilombo, njoka, abuluzi komanso makoswe ang'onoang'ono, koma nthawi yapadera yomanga chisa ndikulera ana.
Pachithunzicho, ma belladonna amakoka ndi anapiye
Anapiye akangobadwa amatha kupita kukafunafuna chakudya ndi makolo awo. Banja la Demoiselle limasunthira limodzi, pomwe wamwamuna amatsatira koyamba, bwenzi lake limamutsatira, ndipo anapiye, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala awiri, amapitilizabe kutsatira.
Ali mu ukapolo, belladonna amapatsidwa chakudya chosakanikirana, kupatsa mbalame tirigu ndi ndiwo zamasamba, komanso kuwonjezera kanyumba kanyumba, nsomba ndi nyama pazakudya, nthawi zambiri ngati makoswe ang'onoang'ono: mbewa ndi ena. Bella amatha kudya pafupifupi 1 kg ya chakudya patsiku.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo chamoyo wa belladonna crane
Chisa cranes ya belladonna mkati steppe ndi madera a chipululu, osankha mapiri ndi zigwa zokhala ndi maudzu osowa ndi chowawa, pafupi ndi madamu ndi nyanja. Koma mbalamezi nthawi zambiri zimapewa madambo.
Ma demoisel achimuna ndi akulu kuposa anzawo. Mwa kukwerana, mbalame zimasunga mgwirizano wawo moyo wonse, posankha kukhala ndi banja limodzi. Pali nthano zokongola zakukhulupirika kwawo, komwe amawoneka ngati anthu, onyozedwa m'mapiko a mbalame.
Demoiselle mating dance
Nthawi ya chibwenzi ndiyabwino kwambiri kwa mbalame, zomwe zikuyimira pafupifupi luso laukadaulo. Ubale wa mbalame umayamba ngakhale nthawi yachisanu pagulu limodzi.
Okondedwa mwa chikondi, posankha bwenzi, ayamba kukambirana mothandizidwa ndi mawu angapo amawu. Kuwatulutsa, amaponyera mitu yawo m'mwamba ndikukweza milomo yawo. Kuimba mu duet kumakwaniritsidwa ndikuvina. Mbalamezi zimawomba mapiko awo ndikudumpha, ndikuponyera timitengo ndi timitengo taudzu m'mwamba.
Owonerera amasonkhana kuti awonetse izi. Achibale a Demoiselle amayimirira mozungulira mozungulira wopanga mizere iwiri kapena itatu. Ndipo pakati pake, ngwazi zamwambowu zimavina, kutulutsa malipenga.
Kenako zinthu zimasintha, ndikuwunika kwambiri maanja ena. Magule oterewa ndi zitsanzo za zosangalatsa, mapulasitiki olimba ndipo samadzikongoletsa kufotokoza. Cranes ya Belladonna posakhalitsa adagawika awiriawiri, ndipo kumapeto kwa kasupe amalandidwa kwathunthu ndi kubereka.
Pachithunzicho, chisa cha crane ya belladonna
Zisa zimamangidwa, zomwe ndi maenje osaya omwe amakumbidwa pansi, mbalame zimawakonzekeretsa, kuwazungulira ndi udzu, zitosi za nkhosa kapena miyala ing'onoing'ono. Amapanga osati zokhazokha, koma amabisa malo okhala anapiye amtsogolo kuchokera kwa adani ndi owukira.
Posakhalitsa, mayi wa belladonna amaikira mazira angapo pachisa cha banja. Amalemera pang'ono magalamu zana ndipo ali ndi utoto wosangalatsa, wokutidwa ndi mawanga ofiira pamiyala ya bulauni.
Mabanja akholo amasamalira ana amtsogolo limodzi. Abambo amateteza mtendere wam'banja kwa anthu osawadziwa, akuyang'ana malo ozungulira kuchokera pamwamba kwambiri. Ndipo bwenzi lake limafungatira mazira, okonzeka ndi mbendera yamphongo yopuma pantchito.
Chisa chawo, chobisidwa bwino, chimakhala chovuta kuti adani apeze. Koma nthawi zina, makolo onse amakhala okonzeka kuteteza anawo molimba mtima kwa adani awo monga nkhandwe, agalu kapena mbalame zodya nyama.
Mu chithunzi belladonna ndi anapiye
Nthawi imeneyi imakhala pafupifupi milungu 4 mpaka ana ataswa. Ngati mazira atayika, nthawi zambiri ma belladonna okwatirana amatha kupanga clutch yatsopano. Mikoko imasungidwa ndi makolo pafupi ndi madzi ang'onoang'ono.
Anawo amakula msanga, ndipo patatha miyezi ingapo akuphunzira kale kuuluka. Koma ana samasiya makolo awo posachedwa, kokha masika wotsatira. Patatha zaka zingapo, nyama zazing'ono zimapanga nyumba zawo.
Owonetsera amakhala zaka pafupifupi makumi awiri. Koma mu ukapolo, zowona za moyo wautali zalembedwa. Nthawi zina, mbalamezi zimakwanitsa zaka 67, zomwe sizingatheke mwamtchire wokhala ndi zoopsa zambiri.
