Mukakumana ndi mbalame yachilendoyi, munthu aliyense amasilira mawonekedwe ake akunja ndi machitidwe ake. Zowonekeratu kwa ambiri chithunzi, imvi heron imasiyana ndi ena ndipo ndichapadera chosangalatsa cha mitundu yophunzira ya Ardea cinerea, yomwe imamasulira kuti "ash heron".
Kakhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe a mbewa yakuda
Msuzi wachitsamba ali m'gulu la adokowe, mtundu wa ntchentche. Ili ndi ubale ndi mbalame zina zofananira - mbalame zam'madzi zam'madzi ndi ma egrets. Malo ogawawa ndi otakata, amakhala ku Europe, Africa, chilumba cha Madagascar ndi India, Asia (Japan ndi China).
M'madera ena gulu la azitsamba otuwa ponseponse, pomwe ena amakhala okha ndi oimira payokha. M'malo okhala ndi nyengo yovuta monga Siberia ndi Europe komwe kuli kutentha kochepa, chimeza sichichedwa, chimakhala m'malo amenewa kuti chizipumulirabe paulendo wapaulendo.
Mbalameyi siyosankha, koma imasankha malo ofunda, odzaza ndi zitsamba ndi zigwa, udzu, malo odzaza ndi magwero amadzi, m'malo okhala.
M'mapiri imvi heron amakhala kawirikawiri, koma zigwa, makamaka zachonde zokhala ndi chakudya choyenera, zimakhala mosangalala. Mitundu ingapo ya mbalame imagawika kutengera malo okhala. Palinso kusiyanasiyana kwa mawonekedwe, pamakhalidwe a moyo. Pali ma subspecies anayi onse:
1. Ardea cinerea firasa - anyaniwa omwe amakhala pachilumba cha Madagascar amadziwika ndi milomo yawo yayikulu.
2. Ardea cinerea monicae - mbalame zomwe zimakhala ku Mauritania.
3. Ardea cinerea jouyi Clark - anthu akumadera akum'mawa.
4. Ardea cinerea cinerea L - Herons aku Western Europe, monga mbalame zomwe zimakhala kumayiko aku Asia, ali ndi nthenga zochepa kuposa oimira mitundu ina.
Zitsamba zamtunduwu, mosasamala kanthu zazing'ono, zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe akunja wamba. Thupi lawo ndi lalikulu ndipo limatha kutalika pafupifupi mita imodzi, khosi ndilopyapyala, mulomo ndiwothwa komanso wolitali ndi masentimita 10-14.
Kulemera kwa nthumwi yayikulu ya mitunduyo kumafikira 2 kg, zomwe ndizofunikira kwa mbalame. Komabe, oimira ang'onoang'ono nawonso adazindikiridwa. Mapiko ake amakhala 1.5 mita pafupifupi. Pa miyendo pali zala 4, chala chapakati chimatambasulidwa, chala chimodzi chimayang'ana kumbuyo.
Nthengazo ndi zotuwa, zakuda kumbuyo, zowala zoyera pamimba ndi pachifuwa. Ndalamayi ndi yachikaso, miyendo ndi yakuda kapena yakuda. Maso ndi achikasu owala ndi malire amtambo. Anapiye osakhwima amakhala otuwa kwathunthu, koma pakukula kwake nthenga pamutu zimada, mikwingwirima yakuda imawonekera m'mbali. Akazi ndi abambo amasiyana pang'ono, kokha kukula kwa thupi. Mapiko ndi milomo yaikazi ndi yaying'ono masentimita 10-20 kuposa yamwamuna.
Pachithunzicho, chiphona champhongo chachimuna ndi chachikazi
Khalidwe, moyo ndi thanzi la the heron heron
Kufotokozera kwa imvi heron kuchokera kumbali yamakhalidwe ndizochepa. Samasiyana mwamakani kapena, m'malo mwake, ndi mtima wabwino. Ndi wamanyazi kwambiri, akawona zoopsa amathamangira kuthawa kwawo, amaponyera anapiye ake.
Zakudya za Heron ndizosiyanasiyana. Kutengera ndi malo okhala, mbalameyo imatha kusintha zomwe imakonda, kusintha momwe imakhalira, koma nthawi zambiri imakonda chakudya cha nyama. Chakudya chake ndi: nsomba, mphutsi, abuluzi, achule, njoka, makoswe ndi tizilombo, molluscs ndi crustaceans.
Mbalame yotuwa wodekha pakasaka. Amatha kudikirira nthawi yayitali, ndikutambasula mapiko ake ndikukopa wovulalayo. Nyama yopanda mwai ikayandikira, imangomugwira mwamphamvu ndi mkamwa ndi kumumeza.
Nthawi zina mphalapala amadya mzidutswa, nthawi zina imameza nyamayo. Zolimba (zipolopolo, ubweya, masikelo) zimabwereranso pambuyo pakudya. Mphalapala amatha kukhala usiku komanso nthawi yayitali, osayima m'madzi kapena pamtunda, kudikirira chakudya. Mbalame yotchedwa heron imvi imathera moyo wawo wonse.
Zitsamba zikuluzikulu zimakhala m'magulu akuluakulu okhala ndi zisa 20 m'dera limodzi. Chiwerengerochi nthawi zambiri chimafika anthu 100 ndipo ngakhale 1000. Amayankhula mofuula komanso mokalipa, akumakhala pachiwopsezo, ndikumagwedeza mawu posonyeza kupsa mtima.
Mverani mawu a the heron the gray
Molting pa msuzi wamkulu wa imvi imachitika kamodzi pachaka pambuyo pobereka, yomwe imatha mu Juni. Nthenga zimatha pang'onopang'ono ndipo zimalowedwa m'malo ndi zatsopano kwa miyezi yambiri mpaka Seputembara.
Amphaka amayenda pandege posamuka m'magulu nthawi iliyonse masana, kupuma pang'ono m'mawa. Mbalame siziika pangozi zowuluka maulendo ataliatali okha.
Chifukwa cha mlomo wakuthwa, zilombo zazing'ono zimaopa kuukira mphalapala, ndipo mdani wake wamkulu ndi wamkulu, mwachitsanzo nkhandwe, nkhandwe, nkhandwe. Mazira amalandidwa ndi agalu, akhwangwala, makoswe.
Kuberekana komanso kutalika kwa moyo wa imvi
Ali ndi zaka ziwiri amuna ndi chaka chimodzi chachikazi, kufunitsitsa kubereka kumayambira. Mitundu ina imakhala yokwatirana yokhayokha, kukhalira moyo umodzi, mitala ina, kukwerana nyengo iliyonse.
Amuna amayamba kumanga chisa choyamba, pambuyo pake, panthawi yopuma kuntchito, amaitana mkaziyo ndikulira mofuula, koma akangofika pachisa, amamuthamangitsa motero, chisa sichikhala pafupi. Kukwatana kumachitika, ndipo chachimuna chokhala ndi umuna palimodzi chimamaliza malo okhala.
Kuchuluka kwa mazira kumatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera pa 3 mpaka 9 pachilichonse. Mtundu wa chipolopolo ndi wobiriwira kapena wabuluu, kukula mpaka 60 mm. Makolo onse amaswa mazira, koma yaikazi imakhala chisa nthawi yayitali. Pambuyo masiku 27, anapiye amaswa, omwe amakhala ndi masomphenya, koma amakhala opanda chodzitetezera ndipo sakhala ndi nthenga.
Makolo amadyetsa anapiye katatu patsiku pobwezeretsanso chakudya m'kamwa mwawo. Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe afa pakati pa zitsamba zatsopano ndi chachikulu. Si anapiye onse omwe amapeza chakudya chokwanira, ndipo ena amafa ndi njala.
Kujambulidwa ndi mwana wa mphalapala wa imvi pachisa
Anthu olimba mtima amapha ndi kutaya ofooka kuti apeze chakudya chochuluka. Makolo amathanso kusiira anapiye okha kuti adulidwe ndi zilombo ngati awona zoopsa, kupulumutsa miyoyo yawo.
Patsiku lachisanu ndi chiwiri kapena lachisanu ndi chiwiri, anapiye amakhala ndi chivundikiro cha nthenga, ndipo pa tsiku la 90, anapiyewo amatha kuonedwa ngati achikulire ndikupangidwa, pambuyo pake amachoka pachisa cha makolo awo. Kodi hule wakuda amakhala nthawi yayitali bwanji? Nthawi ya mbalameyi ndi yayifupi, zaka 5 zokha.
Kuchuluka kwa mbewa sikudetsa nkhawa asayansi. Amakhala m'makontinenti ambiri ndipo akuchulukitsa anthu, omwe kale ali oposa 4 miliyoni. Buku lofiira, imvi heron sili pangozi, si chinthu chosaka nyama, ngakhale kuwombera mbalame kumaloledwa chaka chonse.
