Zinsinsi zazasayansi. Zakudya zaku Japan zimakhala ndi mbale yotchedwa "Kuvina sikwidi". Nkhonoyo imayikidwa m'mbale ya mpunga ndikuthira msuzi wa soya. Nyama yophedwa imayamba kuyenda. Zinsinsi? Ayi. Msuzi uli ndi sodium.
Mitsempha ya squid imachitapo kanthu pomugwira. Kuyanjana kumatheka mkati mwa maola ochepa mutagwira nsomba za m'nyanja. Kodi mudagwirapo kanthu?
Kudula pambuyo pa maola 5-10 atagona m'madzi, mupeza kuti nsombayo ikugwedezeka, ndipo mtima wake umagunda. Nanga bwanji nkhuku zothamangira mutu utachotsedwa? Chifukwa chake, sizosadabwitsa m'mavina a squid atamwalira. Pali zina zambiri pamoyo wokhala. Tiyeni tikambirane za iye.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a squid
Amatchedwa anyani anyanja. Izi zikuwonetsa gawo lakumtunda lomwe squid amakhala pakati pa cephalopods. M'kalasi mwake, ngwazi ya nkhaniyi ili ndi ubongo wopambana kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wamagaza.
Kupanga mafupa kumathandiza kuteteza limba loganiza. Amakhala ndi mayendedwe apamwamba a squid. Nyamayo imatha kuchita zachinyengo, kunyenga komanso zanzeru zina.
Kuphatikiza ubongo ndi ziwalo zina ndi ntchito za nyama ndichinyengo. Chifukwa chake, pa squid wamkulu malo oganiza ndimapangidwe apadera. Bowo lomwe lili pakatikati limayikidwa pansi pammero. Mwanjira ina, nyamayi - nkhonozomwe zimadya kudzera muubongo.
Pakamwa pa ngwazi ya nkhaniyi ndiwamphamvu kwambiri moti imafanana ndi mlomo wa mbalame. Kuchuluka kwa nsagwada zachitiki kumathandiza kuti zibowole zigaza za nsomba zazikulu. Chinyamacho sichisamala za nsomba zakuda, chimakhala chopanda kanthu.
Mollusk akadagwidwa ndikulowa mkamwa mwa munthu, chisokonezo chimatha kuchitika. Milandu ingapo ya umuna wa squid wosaphika adanenedwa. Zambiri mwa izi zidalembedwa ku Japan ndi Korea. Chifukwa chake, mu Januwale 2013, umuna wa nkhono zam'madzi udakhala chifukwa cholandirira alendo ku malo odyera ku Seoul.
Nyamayi yam'madzi mu mbale "yovina" idakhala ndi moyo pomwe idayamba kutafuna. Nyamayo idaponyera umuna matumba 12 opangidwa ndi ulusi wopota m'mimbamo yamalilime ndi masaya a alendo odyera. Cholengedwa chachilendo chinayambitsa kutentha. Mayiyo analavulira mbaleyo ndi kuyitana asing'anga.
Ku Russia, izi sizinalembedwe. Pali madera omwe squid ndimakonda kudya, mwachitsanzo, ku Far East. Komabe, m'nyumbayi, nkhono zimatsukidwa ndi ziwalo zamkati ndikuwiritsa bwino. M'mayiko aku Asia, squid samatsukidwa kawirikawiri.
Squid amadziwika kuti cephalopods chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka thupi lawo. Miyendo sikusunthira kutali ndi iye. Mwendo, womwe wasintha kukhala mahema 10, umachoka pamutu wanyama, mozungulira pakamwa. Maso a mbalameyi amakhala ndi chizolowezi chodziwika bwino. Kapangidwe ka ziwalo zamasomphenya ndikofanana ndi kamunthu. Nthawi yomweyo, maso amatha kutsatira zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Thupi la squid ndi chovala cholimba chokhala ndi mbale yopyapyala ya chitin. Ili kumbuyo ndipo ndi chipolopolo chotsalira. Mafupa ake safunika ndi nyamayi, chifukwa apanga ndege.
Kutenga madzi, kutenga thupi ndikutaya mitsinje, molluscs amasambira mwachangu kuposa nsomba zambiri. Pamene zombo zapamlengalenga ndi maroketi oyamba adapangidwa, asayansi adalimbikitsidwa ndi squid. Chotsatira, zambiri zokhudza moyo wawo.
Moyo wa squid komanso malo okhala
Magetsi amatha kupangidwanso poyang'ana squid. Matupi awo ali ndi ma photophores. M'magolo a molluscs, awa ndi malo amtambo pakhungu. Ngati a nyamayi yayikulu, ma photophores amafikira milimita 7.5 m'mimba mwake.
Kapangidwe ka "nyali" kumafanana ndi chida cha nyali zamagalimoto ndi nyali. Gwero lake ndi mabakiteriya. Amadyetsa inki ya squid. Mbalameyi imadzaza zithunzizo ndi madzi akuda ikafuna kuzimitsa magetsi. Mwa njira, pa thupi la mollusk imodzi pakhoza kukhala "nyali" zamitundu 10 yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, pali "mitundu" yomwe imatha kusintha kolowera.
Nyama zina zimatchulidwanso kuthekera kwawo kutuluka. Mwachitsanzo, Firefly imakhala ku Taiami Bay kufupi ndi gombe la Japan. Makamaka, nkhonozi zimakhala pa kuya kwa mita 400. Misomali pagombe lanyumbayi mu Juni-Julayi. Ino ndi nthawi yamaulendo pomwe alendo amasilira madzi owala abuluu. Asayansi, pakadali pano, amadabwa chifukwa chomwe squid amafunikira ma photophores. Pali mitundu yambiri.
Chowonadi kwambiri: - kuwala kumakopa nyama ya cephalopods, ndiye kuti, nsomba zazing'ono. Lingaliro lachiwiri: - kuwala kwa squid kumawopseza adani. Lingaliro lachitatu lokhudza gawo la photophores ndi logwirizana ndi kulumikizana kwa mollusks wina ndi mnzake.
400-500 mita - malire muyezo wakuya komwe mungakhale sikwidi. Zinyumba pansipa ndikungowona kwakukulu. Oimira ake amakumananso pamamita 1000 pansi pamadzi. Nthawi yomweyo, nyamayi imakwera pamwamba. Anthu kutalika kwa 13 mita ndikulemera pafupifupi theka la tani adagwidwa pano.
Nyamayi zambiri zimakhala mozama pafupifupi mamita 100, kufunafuna pansi pa matope kapena mchenga. Cephalopods amathamangira kwa iyo m'nyengo yozizira. M'nyengo yotentha, nyamayi imakwera pamwamba.
Ambiri mwa anthu amakhala ku North Atlantic Ocean. Pano kugwira nyamayi kuchokera ku Africa kupita ku North Sea. Olemera mu cephalopods ndi Mediterranean.
Squids amapezekanso mu Adriatic. Kutsata anthu ndi kovuta nyama zikasuntha. Cholimbikitsira kusunthira ndikusaka chakudya. Kuwonjezera nsomba, crustaceans, nyongolotsi, mollusks ena, ngakhale achibale ntchito.
Amagwidwa ndi mahema awiri, akumulowetsa poizoni wolumala mwa wozunzidwayo. A squids amang'ambanso tiziduswa tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatayika, ndikuyamba kudya pang'onopang'ono. Atapeza mphamvu ndikudikirira chilimwe, nyamayi zimayamba kuberekana. Feteleza kumabweretsa kuyikira mazira. Ikuwoneka ngati soseji yokhala ndi kanema pamwamba ndi mazira mkati. Pambuyo pake, makolo amachotsedwa.
Pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, ana a sentimita imodzi amabadwa, ndikuyamba moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Ndizotheka kokha komwe mchere wamadzi uli 30-38 ppm pa lita imodzi yamadzi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mulibe nyamayi mu Nyanja Yakuda. Mchere wamadzi ake umaposa 22 ppm.
Mitundu ya squid
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi Pacific squid. Ndi amene ali ndi chizolowezi kuona pa maalumali wa masitolo zoweta. Zowona, anthu aku Russia azolowera kutcha mollusk ku Far East, kutengera komwe amapezeka.
Kukula kwa anthu kumayambira kotala ndikutha ndi theka la mita. Izi ndizophatikiza mahema. Nyama imodzi imakhala 80 cm. Mitunduyi imakhala yakuya mpaka 200 mita. Kutentha kwamadzi kofunikira ndi 0,4-28 madigiri Celsius.
Yachiwiri mwa mitundu yayikulu ya squid ndi Commander. Amagulitsidwanso ku Russia, nthawi zina amapitilira Pacific pamalonda. Mitundu ya Commander ndiyochepa, imakula mpaka masentimita 43.
Kukula kwakukulu ndi masentimita 25-30. Oimira mitunduyo amadziwika ndi kuthekera kwawo kusambira mpaka kuya kwa mita 1200. Zinyama zazing'ono zimayandikira kumtunda. Ndi iye, makamaka, ndipo amakwera mashelufu. Kuwonongedwa kwa mitunduyi ndi chifukwa chomwe kukhazikitsidwa kwa Commander State Reserve. Kusodza squid sikuletsedwa pamenepo.
Zatsalira kutchula aku Europe sikwidi. Nyama munthu m'modzi amalemera mpaka 1.5 kilogalamu. Kutalika kwa thupi lanyama ndi masentimita 50. Mitunduyi imasambira mpaka kutsika mpaka 500 mita, nthawi zambiri imakhala pa 100 mita. Anthu ali ndi zotupa zazifupi, thupi lowala. Mwachitsanzo, mu Pacific, ndi imvi, ndipo mwa mitundu ya Komandorsky ndi yofiira.
Palinso squid Giant, Peruvia ndi Argentina. Amangowoneka kunja kwa Russia. Zinanenedwa za mawonekedwe akulu. Peruvia siyodyedwa kwambiri. Kuvulaza squid imakhala ndi kukoma kwa ammonia ndipo, makamaka, zomwe zili ndi ammonia mthupi. Mitundu ya ku Argentina ndiyosakhwima, koma imatayika itazizira. Nthawi zina, ziphuphu zaku Argentina zimapezeka muzakudya zamzitini.
Chakudya cha squid
Kuphatikiza pa nsomba, crayfish, nyongolotsi ndi zina zotero, ngwazi ya nkhaniyi imagwira plankton. Chakudya china chimalumikizidwa ndi Ubwino wa squid zachilengedwe. Cephalopods amadya ndere. Ng'ombe zawo zimachotsedwa pamiyala.
Izi zimapangitsa mawonekedwe apansi komanso kuteteza madzi kuti asafalikire. Ngati chandamalecho ndi cholengedwa chamoyo, ngwazi ya nkhaniyo imasaka kuchokera komwe abisalira, imasaka wovulalayo. Poizoni amabayidwa ndi radula. Awa ndi gulu la mano mu chipolopolo chotanuka. Sikuti amangopereka poizoni, komanso amagwiritsanso nyama yomwe ikuyesa kuthawa.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa squid
Matumba a squid ali mu chubu chapadera. Amatha kukumana naye, kutsuka mitemboyo. Kutalika kwa chubu kumachokera pa 1 sentimita kufika mita imodzi, kutengera mtundu wa mollusc. Akazi amatenga nthangala ija kuthengo pakamwa pafupi ndi pakamwa, kumbuyo kwa mutu, kapena pakamwa.
Malo a fossa amatengera, pamitundu, sikwidi. Mtengo kutenga umuna, nthawi zina miyezi yakubala. Amuna samasankha anzawo azimayi malinga ndi msinkhu wawo. Nthawi zambiri umuna umapita kwa wamkazi wosakhwima ndikusungidwa pamenepo mpaka nthawi yobereka ikafika.
Ana akamawonekera, bambo sangakhalenso ndi moyo. Nyamayi zambiri zimafa zili ndi zaka 1-3. Ndi zimphona zokha zomwe zimakhala ndi moyo wautali. Malire awo ndi zaka 18. Nyama zakale, monga lamulo, zimasiya kulawa, zimakhala zovuta ngakhale popanda kutentha pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, nyama zazing'ono zikuyesera kugwira ndikuphika chakudya. Nyama yake imawerengedwa kuti ndi chakudya.
Zakudya za squid ndi mayunitsi 122 okha pa magalamu 100 a mankhwala. Mwa izi, mapuloteni amawerengera magalamu 22. Mafuta ndi ochepera 3 akale, ndipo gramu imodzi yokha imapatsidwa chakudya. Zina zonse ndi madzi. M'matupi a squid, monga nyama zambiri, ndiye maziko.
