Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala mbalameyi
Zowonjezera Kodi mbalame ndi za mtundu wa dokowe komanso banja la ibis. Monga oimira onse amtundu wa ibis, izi ndi mbalame zapakatikati. Ngakhale ali ndi miyendo yayitali, samathamanga. Ndipo amanyamuka pokhapokha pokha pokha. Mwachitsanzo, pakuwona zoopsa.
Gawo lomwe amakhala limakhala lokulirapo. Mkate amakhala ku Australia, Africa, America, Europe ndi Asia. Mbalamezi zimapanga madera ambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo zimayesa kukhala awiriawiri. Mikate yomwe ikukhala kumadera otentha komanso akummwera amayenda.
Umu ndi momwe nsombazi zimapita ku madera ofunda (Africa ndi Asia) nthawi yachisanu, kenako zimabwerera kwawo mu Marichi. Malo omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi magombe amadzi ndi madambo. Nthengazo ndi zofiirira kapena zofiirira. Dzuwa likuwala, limanyezimira ndikusewera ndi mitundu (yamkuwa ndi yobiriwira).
Pachithunzicho, mkate wowoneka bwino
Akuluakulu amawoneka pafupifupi akuda patali. Mbalame yapakatikati ndi masentimita 55-60. Imalemera kuyambira 0,5 mpaka 0,7 kg. Mapiko a mapiko ake ndi pafupifupi mita 1. Chomwe chimadziwika ndi mbalameyi ndi mlomo wake: wopindika womwe umayang'ana pansi. Kutalika kwa "ndowe" iyi ndi masentimita 10-12. Monga tawonera chithunzi cha mkate alibe miyendo kutalika ngati dokowe, koma ndi yayitali, ikuloleza kuyenda m'madambo popanda mavuto.
Mitundu
Mbalamezi zimagwirizanitsa mitundu 32 ya mbalame. Maonekedwe a mbalamezi amadziwika ndi izi: mulomo wa arched, kukula kwake ndi miyendo yayitali. Ibis ndizofala pafupifupi kumayiko onse kupatula ku Antarctica. Wapafupi kwambiri achibale a buledi ndi nsombazi zopatulika, zowoneka bwino komanso zazing'ono.
Mbuzi yodabwitsa imapezeka kumadzulo kwa United States, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Chile ndi Bolivia. Madera awo amamangidwa m'mbali mwa madambo. Pokhala kwake, mtundu uwu umasankha malo obisika kwa anthu: zitsamba, mitengo yotsika, udzu wandiweyani. Mwanjira imeneyi amamva kukhala otetezeka. Nthenga zawo ndizofiirira.
Mapiko ndi mchira zimawala bwino ndi chitsulo chachitsulo. Pali malire oyera mozungulira mlomo ndi maso. Mbuzi yamphongo yocheperako imakhala ku Andes ku Peru, Chile, Argentina, Bolivia. Mosiyana ndi obadwa nawo, mtundu uwu "ndiwokwera kwambiri". Malo awo amakhala pamtunda wa mamita 4800 pamwamba pa nyanja. Mbalameyi ndi yofanana kwambiri ndi Globe yowoneka bwino, mlomo wake wokha ndi wofiira.
Ibis wopatulika, kapena chilichonse chomwe amatchedwa mkate wakuda, amachokera ku Africa. Pambuyo pake idabweretsedwa ku Europe ndipo idawonedwa ngati yokongoletsa pabwalo. Chovala chake ndi choyera kwambiri. Mutu ndi nsonga yokha ya mchira ndi yakuda. Mbalameyi imadziwika ndi dzina lakale ku Aigupto wakale. Amamuwona ngati chizindikiro cha mulungu wanzeru ndi chilungamo, Thoth.
Pachithunzicho muli mkate wakuda
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Odyera Mbalame amasankha mitengo kapena tchire la mabango pafupi ndi mitsinje ndi nyanja kuti amange chisa. Anthu oyandikana ndi nkhumba zamtunduwu ndi ma spoonbill, heron ndi pelican. Mbalame zonsezi zimakonda malo ovuta kukhazikika. Mwachitsanzo, nyanja zosamva, madambo osefukira, zilumba zazing'ono m'mitsinje.
Mbalame yokhotakhota imeneyi imakhala moyo wosalira zambiri. Nthawi zambiri mukamuwona akuyimirira, amangoyendayenda m'madzi osaya ndikuyang'ana pansi mothandizidwa ndi mulomo wake. Nthawi zina, kuyenda koteroko kumasokonezedwa, ndipo nkhumba imakhala pansi.
Zikakhala zoopsa, ibise amanyamuka. Kuuluka kwawo kumatsagana ndi kusinthana kwanthawi zambiri ndikuwuluka mlengalenga. Akamayenda, amapitikitsa makosi awo patsogolo. Ndege zowuluka zimatsata dongosolo lina.
Pachithunzicho muli nyama yankhumba yopyapyala
Mamembala onse am'magulu amadziphatikiza ndi mphero kapena mzere wa oblique. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti mbalamezi zimakhala bata. Iwo amakhala chete ndipo amatulutsa kufuula kwakung'onong'ono, azingolira kokha kuzisa zawo.
Zakudya zabwino
Menyu ya mbalame ili ndi nyama zam'madzi ndi zapamtunda, komanso zakudya zamasamba. Kumbu, ma smoothies, ma weevils, agulugufe ndi mphutsi ndi nyama zakutchire. Tadpoles, achule, nsomba zazing'ono, nkhanu ndizinyama zam'madzi. Kuchokera pachakudya chazomera, a Globe amadya ndere.
Amuna ndi akazi amakonda zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake "azimayi" ali ngati tizilombo, ndipo "njonda" amakonda kudya nkhono. Nyengo ya chaka imakhudzanso zakudya za nkhumba.
Ngati nthawi yobwera ya tadpoles ndi achule ibwera, ndiye kuti ndiye chakudya chachikulu pamenyu. Pakabwera dzombe, mbuziyo imayamba kusinthana ndi tizilomboti. Izi ndi mbalame zanzeru.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Akabwerera kunyumba pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, nsombazi, pamodzi ndi zosankhidwazo, zimayamba kukonza malo okhala. Mbalame sizibera. Amasonkhanitsa nthambi, zimayambira mabango, masamba ndi udzu. Chisa si chaching'ono komanso chowoneka bwino. Kukula kwa nyumbayi ndi 0,5 m, ndipo kuya kwake kumakhala pafupifupi 8 cm.
Zotsatira zoyeserera ndi chisa choyenera cha mawonekedwe ozungulira oyenera. Nthawi zambiri, amamangidwa pamitengo kapena zitsamba kuti pasakhale chilichonse chowopseza anawo. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kusefukira kwa mitsinje - dambo. Koma ngati nkhumba idasankha kukonza malo awo okhala m'nkhalango, ndiye kuti ali otsimikiza kuti kulibe chigumula m'derali.
Pachithunzicho, chisa cha mbalame
Mu gulu limodzi la mazira a mbalameyi muli ma PC 3-6. Mtundu wawo ndi wachindunji - wabuluu wobiriwira. Kuyala kumachitika masiku angapo. Makolo onse amatenga nawo mbali pakuswa ana, koma wamkazi amakhala nthawi yayitali pachisa. Amuna, monga wopezera chakudya weniweni, amamubweretsera chakudya ndikumuteteza kwa adani.
Pambuyo masiku 18-21, anapiye amatuluka m'mazira. Tsopano makolo amathera nthawi yawo yonse yaulere kuti apezere ana chakudya. Mwana wankhuku amadya kasanu ndi kawiri mpaka 11 patsiku. Ndi zaka, chakudya chimachepa. Zakudya za ana okhala ndi nthenga makamaka zimakhala ndi tizilombo.
Anapiye amalowa mkamwa mwa makolo awo ndi milomo yawo kuti apeze chakudya. Thupi lonse la mikate yaying'ono yokutidwa ndi kutulutsa kwakuda. Akamakula, amasintha zovala zawo maulendo 4, ndipo pokha pokha amadzadzilimbitsa. Pambuyo pa masabata atatu mwana atabadwa, anapiyewo amakhala pamapiko.
Pachithunzicho, buledi wokhala ndi anapiye
Amathabe kuuluka bwino ndipo amatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali okha. Ali ndi zaka 1 mwezi, iwowo, pamodzi ndi akuluakulu, amapeza chakudya. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, wachinyamata, pamodzi ndi gulu lonse, adzauluka nthawi yozizira. M'chilengedwe chake, moyo wa nkhumba ndi zaka 20.
Kuteteza mbalame zamtunduwu
Pafupifupi posachedwa, nsombazi zidasungidwa ndi kugwidwa ndi kusintha kwa chilengedwe. Zotsatira zake, kuchepa kowoneka bwino kwamankhwala komanso kukhazikika mosavomerezeka m'malo angapo.
Lero mkate m'buku lofiira la Russia anatenga malo ake. Kuchepetsa malo okhala mbalamezi ndi chifukwa chake. Kutsetsereka kwa minda ndikulima kwawo, kumanga madambo ndi malo odyetsera ndi zifukwa zazikulu. Zochita za anthu zimawononga chilengedwe.
