Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala mphaka
Steppe mphaka manul ndi subspecies wa mphaka wa m'nkhalango zakutchire. Oimira ena a subspecies awa adakhala mbadwa za zoweta zoweta. Adasetedwa zaka zambiri zapitazo ndipo adakhazikika pamasofa athu.
Komabe, si amphaka onse amtchire omwe adayamba kukhala ndi anthu, pali ena omwe akukhalabe moyo wopanda chilombo. Oimira zakutchire si akulu, kukula kwake kumafikira 75 cm, ndipo mchira umakhala pakati pa 20 mpaka 40 cm, pomwe kulemera kwake kumakhala 3 mpaka 7 kg.
Mwambiri, mphaka wa Pallas amawoneka ngati kanyumba kodyetsedwa bwino. Maonekedwe okha pankhope pake sakukondwera kwambiri. Mwina kufotokozera koteroko ndi zotsatira za malo apadera azitsotso pamphumi, kapena mwina kuwotcha kwapambuyo kumapereka kuuma.
Koma mawonekedwe okhuta amampatsa mawonekedwe olimba, olimba, miyendo yayifupi ndipo, koposa zonse, malaya apamwamba, owirira komanso amdima. Ubweya uyenera kutchulidwa padera. Mwambiri, mphaka wa Pallas amadziwika kuti ndi nyama yonyezimira kwambiri pamtundu wa mphalapala.
Kumbuyo kwake kokha, pa sentimita imodzi, pali tsitsi mpaka 9000. Kutalika kwa chovalacho kumafika masentimita 7. Ndizosangalatsa kuti mtundu wa malaya otere ndi wopepuka, wosuta kapena wofiira, koma nsonga ya tsitsi lililonse ndiyoyera, ndipo izi zimapatsa chovala chonse kuphulika.
Chovala chaubweya sichiri yunifolomu, pali mawanga ndi mikwingwirima. Makutu a kukongola kwa nkhalangoyi ndi ang'ono, ndipo muubweya wapamwamba sawonekera msanga. Koma maso ndi akulu, achikasu ndipo anawo siamphindikati, koma ozungulira.
Kuwona ndi kumva kwa manul kuli bwino kwambiri. Izi ndizomveka - wokhala m'nkhalango amangowafunikira. Koma, modabwitsa, mphaka kamvekedwe kake kamapopera, sikamakula bwino.
Izi steppe mphaka Amakhala omasuka m'dera la steppe kapena m'zipululu. Mphaka wa Pallas adakhazikika kuchokera ku Iran kupita ku Asia, mutha kuwapeza ku China ngakhale ku Mongolia. Zimakhala bwino kwa amphaka pakati pa tchire laling'ono, komanso pakati pa miyala ing'onoing'ono - ndipamene amakonda kukhazikika.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa mphaka
Pa mawu oti "mphaka", nthawi zambiri nyama yofulumira, yamphamvu imawonetsedwa, koma mphamvu ndi kuyenda sizomwe zimakhalapo paka mphaka wa Pallas. Iye sangakhoze basi kuthamanga mofulumira. Kulumpha ndi kukwera mitengo sikuchitanso chimodzimodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, mphaka amatopa msanga kwambiri. Kwa iye, ndibwino kuti agone tsiku lonse ndikupita kukasaka usiku.
Gulu lalikulu silikukondweretsanso munthu wonenepa kwambiri. Ndikwabwino kwa iye kukhazikika bwino mu nkhandwe yomwe yasiyidwa kapena kabowo ndi kupumula mpaka usiku.
Popeza mphaka wa Pallas salandira "olankhula naye", palibe amene angayankhe. Ndikosatheka kudikirira nyimbo ndi kufuula kochokera pansi pa mphaka ngakhale munthawi yachikondi kwambiri m'moyo wake.
Zowona, mwapadera, amatha kutulutsa mawu okweza, kapena kununkhira mosasangalala, ndizo zonse zomwe angathe. Wosaka nyama zamtchire ndi wabwino kwambiri. Kupirira ndi chipiriro satenga. Mphaka wa Pallas amatha kugona kwa nthawi yayitali m'chipale chofewa kapena pakati pa masamba, ndikutsata wovulalayo.
Monga nyama, samasankha nyama zazikulu kwambiri - mbewa ndi mbalame. Komabe, imatha kuthana ndi nyama yolemera yofanana, mwachitsanzo, kalulu. Inde, ngati kalulu sathawa.
Pakasaka m'nyengo yozizira, mphaka wa Pallas amasankha malo omwe sanakutidwe ndi chipale chofewa, chifukwa malaya ake obiriwira olemera m'misewu ya chipale chofewa samasewera kwa iye - chifukwa chake, mphaka amangokhala pachipale chofewa.
Manuls amayesetsa kupewa anthu, komanso, ngakhale atapezeka kuti ndi tiana ta kalulu, samayesedwa bwino, samakhulupirira anthu ndikusiya zizolowezi zawo zamoyo wonse.
Ngakhale kumalo osungira nyama, mphaka wa Pallas adayamba kuwonekera pokhapokha atayamba kubalalika pa intaneti. chithunzi cha mphaka ndipo chidwi chachikulu chidabuka mwa iwo.
Zowona, mphaka anali wodziwika pakati paomwe amakhala kale, chifukwa ubweya wake wapamwamba ndi chuma chenicheni. Chifukwa chake, mphaka ali ndi zifukwa zomveka zosamalirira.
M'chilengedwe, amphaka amachepetsedwa ndi akadzidzi, mimbulu ndi akadzidzi. Kuthawa adaniwo sikophweka kwa mphaka wa Pallas, chifukwa satha kuthawa nthawi zonse pothawa chifukwa chakuchedwa kwake, chomwe chatsala ndikung'ung'udza ndi kuluma mano ake. Amphaka adalembedwa mu Red Book.
Chakudya
Amphaka a Pallas ndi nyama zolusa zenizeni. Amadyetsa nyama yatsopano, yomwe iwonso amasaka. Menyu imakhala ndi mbewa, makoswe ang'ono ndi mbalame. Izi zimachitika kuti woponda matope amabwera, ndipo ndibwinoko mukamatha kugwira kalulu. Koma izi sizimachitika nthawi zonse.
Ngati kusaka kosapambana kumachitika mchilimwe, ndiye kuti mphaka wa steppe sakwiya kwambiri, amatha kudya tizilombo. Zowona, ndiye kuti ayenera kudyedwa kwambiri, koma ndizosavuta kuzigwira. Nthawi zina mphaka wa Pallas amadya udzu, koma sizotheka chifukwa akuyesera kupeza zokwanira, mwachidziwikire, amatsuka m'mimba, womwe umadzaza ndi ubweya.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa mphaka
Nthawi yokha yomwe mphaka wamtchire angaganize zosiya zachinsinsi ndi February-Marichi, ndiye kuti nthawi yokwera.
Kwa wosankhidwa wake, mphaka ali wokonzeka kuchita nawo nkhondo yoopsa kwambiri, chifukwa chake kumphaka kwamphaka kwamphaka kumachitika apa ndi apo. Komabe, poyerekeza ndi maukwati wamba amphaka, ndewu zoterezi ndizocheperabe.
Atateteza ufulu wa "chibwenzi", mphaka amakhala kwakanthawi ndi mphaka, pambuyo pake, patatha miyezi iwiri, ana amabadwa. Mphaka wamkazi wa Pallas amabweretsa ana aamuna 2 mpaka 6 mu dzenjelo, lomwe amakonzekera mosamala kwambiri. Amphaka amachotsedwa kuti asatenge nawo gawo pazakusankhidwa zawo.
Sangabweretsenso ana amphaka. Komano, mphaka wa Pallas, ndi mayi wosamala komanso wodera nkhawa. Ana amabadwa akhungu, koma kuchokera pakubadwa amakhala okutidwa ndi tsitsi lofewa.
Pachithunzicho, mphaka wa steppe
Amakula pansi paulamuliro wa amayi. Mphindi iliyonse amayi amawaphunzitsa zovuta zonse za kupulumuka, kusaka ndi kudzisamalira. Amphaka amayamba kusaka koyamba atakwanitsa miyezi 4. Ndipo kusaka konse kumachitika moyang'aniridwa ndi mayi.
Pallas samangosamala, komanso ndi amayi okhwima. Makanda osasamala kapena owonongedwa amalangidwa - mayi amaluma ndipo nthawi zina zimapweteka mokwanira. Koma popanda izi ndizosatheka kupulumuka - mphaka kuyambira ali mwana ayenera kuphunzira malamulo okhala kuthengo. Ndizomvetsa chisoni, koma amphaka otchire samakhala kuthengo kwazaka zopitilira 12.
