Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Mako shark ndi woimira wamkulu wa banja la hering'i. Malinga ndi malingaliro omwe amapezeka m'magulu asayansi, ndi mbadwa zachikhalidwe choyambirira cha nsomba zazikulu kwambiri za mamitala asanu ndi limodzi Isurus hastilus, yomwe imafikira makilogalamu 3000 ndikukhala m'madzi am'nyanja limodzi ndi plesiosaurs, ichthyosaurs, kronosaurs nthawi zakale za Cretaceous period. Kodi mako shark amawoneka bwanji? masiku ano?
Zitsanzo zamakono za zolengedwa zotere sizimalemera makilogalamu oposa 400, kutalika kwa pafupifupi mamita 3-4. Ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi onse oimira nyama zowonongekazi komanso zowopsa.
Monga tingawonere pa mako shark chithunzi, matupi awo ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyama zam'nyanjazi ziziyenda mwachangu m'madzi. Nsomba zotsekedwa zimakhala ndi cholinga chomwecho.
Mbalame yotchedwa dorsal fin ndi gawo lapadera la nsomba zonse, zazikulu ndi pamwamba. Kumbuyo kwake kuli mawonekedwe a kachigawo kakang'ono, ndipo kumapeto kwa mchira, komanso masamba ofanana kukula ndi kutalika, amatha kupatsa shark mwachangu. Zida zam'mimba zam'chiuno komanso zida zazing'ono zamatenda poyendetsa.
Mutu wa mako uli ndi mawonekedwe a kondomu, ndipo kumbuyo kwake kuli ma gill slits khumi, asanu mbali iliyonse, kumbuyo kwawo kuli zipsepse zamphamvu za pectoral. Maso a Shark ndi akulu, ndipo ma grooves apadera amakwana mphuno zomwe zili pamphuno.
Mano a chilombocho amalowera mkamwa kwambiri, owongoka kwambiri komanso owoneka ngati mbedza. Amapanga mizere iwiri: kumtunda ndi kumunsi. Ndipo aliyense wa iwo chapakati ndi mawonekedwe saber. Zonsezi Shark mano mako ndilo lalikulu kwambiri komanso lakuthwa kwambiri.
Nthawi zambiri chinyama chimatchedwa nsombazi za imvi. Mako amayenera dzinali, wokhala ndi mtundu woyenera, womwe uli wakuda buluu pamwamba, koma pafupifupi woyera pamimba. Pokhala ndi mthunzi wofanana, chilombo chowopsa chimakhala chosawoneka m'madzi akuya, omwe ndi othandiza kwa iye posaka nyama.
Mako shark imadziwikanso ndi mayina ena: pointer ya buluu, shark wakuda wakuda, bonito, mackerel shark. Okhala kunyanja yakuya amapezeka m'nyanja yotseguka komanso kufupi ndi magombe azilumba ndi mayiko okhala ndi nyengo yabwino, komwe kutentha kwamadzi sikutsika pansi pa 16 ° C: pagombe la Australia ndi Africa, komanso Japan, New Zealand, Argentina ndi Gulf of Mexico.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Kapangidwe kakang'ono ka thupi la wokhalamo wowopsa uyu mkati mwanyanja amalankhula za kuthamanga ndi liwiro la mphezi. Ndipo izi sizongopeka konse, chifukwa mako amadziwika kuti ndiwoyimira mwachangu mtundu wa shark, kutha kuyenda mwachangu ndimitengo yolemba, kuthamangira ku 60 km / h.
Zofanana liwiro la shark mako - ndizosowa kwambiri ngakhale kwa zolengedwa zamoyo zomwe zimakhala pamtunda, pomwe ndizosavuta kusuntha. Sikuti nyamayi imangoyenda mothamanga ngati mphezi, imatha kulumpha, ndikutalika pamwamba pamadzi mpaka 6 m.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndi m'modzi mwa oimira zamphamvu zam'madzi. Minofu ya shark, chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kapadera, koboola ma capillaries ambiri, imatha kulumikizana mwachangu, ndikudzaza magazi, momwe anthuwo amapindulira kwambiri kuthamanga komanso kuthamanga kwa kuyenda.
Koma chinthu choterocho chimafunikira ndalama zambiri zamagetsi, zomwe zimayenera kudzazidwanso nthawi zonse ndi chakudya chambiri chambiri. Izi zikufotokozera kususuka kwa nsombazi ndi kufunitsitsa kwake kugunda chilichonse chomwe chikusuntha.
Ndipo munthu amene mwangozi adasambira kutali ndi gombe, pamsonkhano wosayembekezereka ndi cholengedwa ichi, sayenera kuyembekezera zabwino zilizonse kuchokera ku tsogolo. Zoopsa komanso ozunzidwa mako shark akuukira anali nazo zoposa zokwanira.
Omwe adakumana nawo anali mafunde, osambira pamadzi osambira osasamala. Fungo labwino kwambiri ndi chida china chotengera mtundu wa nsombazi, chomwe chimathandizira kufunafuna chakudya m'nyanja yotseguka, komwe nyama zolombo zamtunduwu sizikupezeka.
Nyamayo imayankha nthawi yomweyo kununkhira kwamtundu uliwonse, komwe kumathandizidwa kwambiri ndi mabowo omwe amayenera mphuno, kutsuka bwino zolandilira zomwe zimanunkhiza ndi madzi am'nyanja. Mano oterewa amathandiza nyamayo kusunga chakudya choterera.
Koma chilengedwe chapatsa nsombazi osati ndi mano akuthwa kokha, komanso ndimasinthidwe odabwitsa a kuzindikira ndi chidziwitso cha dziko lozungulira, zomwe zimaphatikizapo chiwalo chapadera chokhoza kuzindikira zamagetsi, chomwe asayansi apeza posachedwapa.
Kusintha koteroko kumathandiza nyamayo kuti ingoyenda mumdima wanyanja, komanso kuti igwire malingaliro a iwo omwe ali pafupi, achibale kapena ozunzidwa.
Zowopsa, mantha, kukhutira kapena chisangalalo - malingaliro onsewa amatha "kuwonedwa" ndikumverera ndi mako shark. Malinga ndi kuyesera kochitidwa ndi akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo, nyamayo imatha kumva kutengeka kwamagetsi kwa batri la chala pamtunda wa mamita mazana angapo.
Chakudya
Nsombazi zimadya zakudya zosiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zambiri masukulu a nsomba - omwe amaimira nyama zam'madzi nthawi zambiri - amakhala chakudya chawo. Izi zitha kukhala ma pike am'nyanja, tuna, mabwato, mullet, mackerel, hering'i, makerele ndi ena.
Zamoyo zina zam'madzi zimatha kuphedwa ndi nsombazi: nkhono zam'madzi, mitundu ingapo ya octopus ndi squid, komanso nyama, monga dolphins ndi waterfowl.
Sharki imathanso kudya nyama zokulirapo, ngakhale anamgumi, koma nthawi zambiri magulu azinyama zimangodya mitembo ya zimphona izi, zomwe zidamwalira pazifukwa zina zachilengedwe. A Shark amakhalanso ndi omenyera nkhondo. Yaikulu ndi lupanga. Otsutsawa nthawi zambiri amakumana nawo pantchito zawo.
Ndipo munthawi ngati izi amalimbana mwamphamvu pakati pawo kuti apeze mwayi wodya mnofu wa omwe achitidwa nkhanza, ndikupambana mosiyanasiyana, monga zikuwonetsedwa ndi zotsalira zomwe zimapezeka m'mimba mwa mitundu iwiri ya adani, omwe amaphedwa ndi mulimonse momwe amalinyero. Ndipo popeza kuti onse komanso ena okhala pansi pa nyanja sadzaphonya awo, njira zamadzi za mdani zimakumana nthawi zonse.
Ndipo asodziwo amakhala ndi chikwangwani choti ngati pali lupanga, ndiye nsombazi mako pafupi pafupi. Komabe, zolusa izi ndizabwino kwambiri komanso zolimba kotero kuti sizingakhale ndi njala ngakhale pazifukwa zina sizinakhale ndi mwayi ndi nyamayo.
Amatha kudya mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazinthu zachilengedwe, pakuwona koyamba, osayenera kudya, mwachitsanzo, zipolopolo. Mako shark ali ndi mano amphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti sizovuta konse kuti aphwanye chigobacho chotetezera ndikupeza nyama yokwanira.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Mtundu womwewo wa shark ndi nyama zam'madzi za ovoviviparous. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mazira mako zimadutsa mkombero wokula m'mimba mwa mayi, womwe umatha pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ndi theka, pambuyo pake timabereka pafupifupi khumi tapangidwa kwathunthu.
Kuphatikiza apo, chikhalidwe cha chilombo m'masaya amayamba kudziwonetsera kale panthawiyi, ndipo m'mimba kale, nsombazi zamtsogolo zimayesetsa kudya abale ofooka, kutsalira m'mbuyo pakukula kwawo. Mako sharki si zitsanzo za makolo odekha komanso osamala, kupatsa ana awo mwayi wodziyimira pawokha ndikumenyera kukhalapo kwawo.
Kuyambira tsiku lobadwa kwawo, nsombazi zimadzipezera chakudya ndikuthawa adani, zomwe ndizokwanira m'madzi mwa ana. Ndipo atha kukhala makolo awo omwe. Asayansi alibe chidziwitso chokwanira chokhudza kutalika kwa moyo waomwe akukhala munyanjayi, koma akukhulupirira kuti pafupifupi zaka 15 mpaka 20.
