Maonekedwe, mitundu ndi malo okhala crane
Crane (yochokera ku Latin Gruidae) ndiyokulirapo mbalame kuchokera kubanja la cranes gulu cranes.
Asayansi ambiri amasiyanitsa mitundu inayi yokha yamtundu wa crane, yomwe imaphatikizapo mitundu khumi ndi isanu:
- Belladonna (wochokera ku Latin Anthropoides) - paradaiso ndi kellane wa belladonna;
- Korona (kuchokera ku Latin Balearica) - Cranes Crown and Oriental Cranes;
- Serratus (wochokera ku Latin Bugeranus) crane;
- Kwenikweni Cranes (ochokera ku Latin Grus) - Indian, American, Canada, Japan, Australia, Daursky, komanso Gray, Black, Black-necked cranes ndi Sterkh.
Akatswiri ena achilengedwe amaphatikizanso ma crane abusa okhala ndi malipenga m'banjali, komabe mabungwe azasayansi apadziko lonse lapansi amawasankha ngati mabanja osiyana azipilala zazitali. Magwero a cranes amapita kalekale; mawonekedwe awo ndi chitukuko choyambirira chimadziwika kuti chidachitika pambuyo pa dinosaur.
Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale apeza zithunzi zojambulidwa pamiyala mbalame crane m'mapanga a anthu akale omwe amakhala mdera la North America ndi Africa. Kuchokera ku North America, banjali lafalikira padziko lonse lapansi kupatula ku Antarctica ndi South America.
Mitundu isanu ndi iwiri yokha ya cranes imawulukira mdziko lathu, yomwe imafala kwambiri ndi Gray Crane. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, cranes ndi mbalame zazikulu. Oimira ang'onoang'ono a banja lino ndi belladonna wokhala ndi kutalika kwa thupi kwa 80-90 masentimita, mapiko a mapiko a 130-160 masentimita ndi kulemera kwa 2-3 kg.
Mu chithunzi demoiselle crane
Anthu akulu kwambiri ndi ma cranes aku Australia, kutalika kwawo kumatha kufikira 150-160 cm, ndikulemera kwa 5-6 kg ndi mapiko a mapiko pafupifupi 170-180 cm. Mbalame Grey Crane ali ndi imodzi mwamapiko ataliatali am'banja lonse, kutalika kwawo kumafika masentimita 220-240.
Kapangidwe ka kireni ndiwokongola kwambiri; mbalamezi zimakhala ndi khosi lalitali ndi miyendo, kukula kwake komwe kumaphwanya thupi lonse kukhala magawo atatu ofanana. Ali ndi mutu wawung'ono wokhala ndi mlomo wokulitali. Nthenga za mitundu yambiri ndi zoyera komanso zotuwa.
Kujambula ndi crane waku Australia
Nthawi zambiri pamakhala pali mawanga owala ofiira komanso abulauni pamutu pa mutu. Pali zithunzi zambiri za nyama izi pa intaneti ndipo ndikosavuta kuwona kukongola konse. mbalame za crane pachithunzichi... Amakonda kukhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, nthawi zambiri m'madambo. Mwa banja lonse, a belladonna okha ndi omwe adasamukira kukhala kutali ndi madzi, posankha masamba ndi masamba.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa crane
Kireni imakhala yosasintha. Usiku, mbalamezi zimagona zitayimirira ndi mwendo umodzi, nthawi zambiri pakati pa dziwe, potero zimadziteteza kwa adani. Amakhala awiriawiri ndipo ndi malo okhawo omwe amatha kuyanjana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Mbalamezi zimakhala zokhazokha ndipo, posankha zibwenzi, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhulupirika kwa moyo wawo wonse.
Pachithunzicho, ma cranes awiri
Koma pamakhala milandu pamene m'modzi mwa awiri amwalira, wachiwiri atha kupeza mnzake. Mitundu isanu ndi umodzi mwa khumi ndi isanu imakhazikika ndipo samapanga maulendo ataliatali. Zina zonse, pakayamba nyengo yozizira, zimasiya zisa zawo ndikuwuluka kupita kunyengo yotentha kwanyengo yachisanu.
Zikamauluka, zimakhamukira m'magulu nthawi zina, kuti muchepetse kulimbana ndi mphepo, zimapanga mphete yomwe imawoneka bwino padziko lapansi. M'dziko lathu, kudera la Eastern Siberia kugwa, mutha kuwona momwe mphero imakhalira mbalame za crane yoyera, Ili ndi dzina lina la Siberia Crane, ntchentche zolowera ku China, komwe amakhala nthawi yachisanu mumtsinje wa Yangtze.
Pachithunzicho, kuthawa kwa kireni woyera
Zakudya za Crane
Zakudya zama crane ndizambiri. Kwenikweni, amadyetsa zakudya zamasamba monga mbewu, zipatso, mizu ndi mphukira za zomera, koma ndi kusowa kwa mapuloteni amadya tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, ngakhale achule ang'ono ndi makoswe ang'onoang'ono.
Pofunafuna chakudya, nthawi zambiri amachoka m'nyumba zawo, koma akamaliza njala yawo amabwerera komweko. Ma cranes samadzipangira okha zamtsogolo; akadzakhuta, kufunafuna chakudya kumatha. Pofunafuna chakudya, maanja amalankhulana, kuwonetsa wina ndi mnzake komwe kuli chakudya.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa kireni
Anthu pa crane amakula msinkhu wazaka zitatu mpaka zinayi. Panthawiyi, amayamba kuthawirana. Mbalame za Crane nyengo yozizira Kutali ndi malo obisalira, zimauluka awiriawiri, mitundu yokhazikika imapeza wokwatirana komwe amakhala.
Nthawi yakumasirana, mbalamezi zimapanga magule apadera komanso osaiwalika, zimazungulira ndikutambasula mutu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwaluso kwambiri pakuvina mapiko a njoka za mbalamekupanga kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa iwo limodzi ndi bwenzi lawo, ndikupanga mtundu umodzi wonse. Ndi mayendedwe amenewa, mbalame zimatulutsa mtundu wina wa nyimbo.
Kujambula ndi chisa cha kireni
Mazira amaikidwa muwiri zopangidwa kale chisa cha mbalame... Amazichita limodzi, pogwiritsa ntchito nthambi za zomera zolumikizana ndi masamba osiyanasiyana ngati zomangira. Nthawi zambiri chisa chomwecho ndi malo omwe mazira amaswa mu zaka zotsatira.
Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mazira awiri mu clutch, mitundu ina imakhala mpaka isanu. Mtundu wa mazira umatengera mtundu wa crane, kumpoto kwake ndi wachikasu komanso wachikaso-bulauni, m'mitundu yomwe imakhala m'malo otentha imakhala yoyera kapena yabuluu. Pafupifupi mibadwo yonse, pamwamba pa mazira pamakhala mawanga a pigment amitundu yayikulu yakuda kuposa mtundu waukulu.
Kuswa ana kumakhala ndi makolo onse awiri ndipo nthawi zambiri kumachitika mkati mwa masabata 3-5, kutengera mtundu wa mbalame. Anapiye aswedwa amatha kuchoka pachisa masiku angapo, komabe amakhala pafupi ndi makolo awo kwa miyezi 2-3.
Pachithunzicho anapiye a Crane
Mpaka nthenga zonse zibwere, kwa ana amabadwa ataphimbidwa. M'mitundu yosamukira kwina, anapiye amapita pandege yawo yoyamba moyang'aniridwa ndi achikulire, ndipo mtsogolo amadzipangira okha. Kutalika kwanthawi yayitali ya cranes m'chilengedwe ndi pafupifupi zaka 20.
Chiwerengero chawo chimayang'aniridwa ndi mabungwe ambiri azachilengedwe. Mitundu isanu ndi iwiri yatchulidwanso kuti ili pangozi mu Red Book. Kuchokera pamwambapa, mutha kulingalira mosavuta ndikumvetsetsa ndi mbalame yamtundu wanji, ndi chimene iye ali.
