Lero tikambirana za mbawala yamphongo. Kachirombo aka ndi kofunika kwambiri ku Ulaya. Amuna ena amafika 90 mm. Komanso mbawala yamphongo - wachiwiri kukhala wamkulu mu Russian Federation.
Wamkulu wamphongo kachikumbu
Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Malo okhala kachilomboka ndi nkhalango zomwe zili ku Europe, madera ena a Asia, Turkey, Iran ndi madera ena a ku Africa. Amuna ali ndi mphamvu zazikulu zomwe zimawoneka ngati nyanga. Kachiromboka ndi mtundu wosowa, ndichifukwa chake adalembedwa mu Red Data Books ku Europe. Chifukwa chakuchepa kwa mitundu ya mitundu iyi ndikudula mitengo mwachisawawa, komwe kumakhala malo a kachilomboka, komanso kusonkhanitsa anthu.
Simungakumanepo ndi "nswala" ndipo m'malo ena okha, koma nthawi zambiri amapezeka ambiri m'malo ochepa. Kutengera malo okhala, nyongolotsi izi zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Ali ndi bulauni - mwa amuna, akuda - mwa akazi, elytra yomwe imaphimba kwathunthu mimba ya tizilombo.
Pachithunzicho muli kachilomboka kakang'ono kaikazi
Amakhalanso ndi ziwalo zofunikira za masomphenya. Amuna amakhala ndi mutu wokulirapo, mosiyana ndi akazi. Kachiromboka kagawidwe m'magulu angapo, omwe amasiyana kukula kwake kwa zinthu zomwe akufuna kuchita komanso zina zakunja. Izi zimadalira nyengo yomwe kachilomboka kakukula, mwachitsanzo, munyengo youma ngati ya Crimea, kachilomboka kamatha kukula kukula.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Kuuluka kwa kachilomboka kukupitilira kuyambira masiku omaliza a Meyi mpaka Julayi. Amagwira ntchito nthawi zosiyanasiyana masana, zomwe zimadalira malo awo okhala - kumpoto kwawo, kafadala amadziwonetsera makamaka usiku, kubisala m'mitengo masana ndi kuyamwa kotuluka kwa iwo.
Pakadali pano, kum'mwera, tizilombo timagwira ntchito masana. Chikumbu chachikazi sachedwa kuwuluka kuposa amuna. Nyongolotsi zimauluka makamaka patali, ngakhale nthawi zina zimatha kuyenda mpaka 3 km.
Pachithunzicho, mbawala yamphongo yokhala ndi mapiko otambalala
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, mitundu iyi sikuti imatha kunyamuka nthawi zonse pandege, nthawi zina imatha kutenga mayesero angapo. Sathanso kuwuluka pamafunde osakwana madigiri 17. Nthawi zambiri nyongolotsi izi zimatha kumenya nawo nkhondo ndi omwe akuyimira mitundu yawo - nthawi zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa ndewu ndi malo omwe kuyamwa kumayambira mumitengo.
Pokhala ndi maudindo olimba kwambiri, pankhondo zotere amatha kuboola elytra, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi kuuma kwawo, ndipo nthawi zina mutu wa mdani. Kuti awopseze, amafalitsa "nyanga" zawo, ndikukhala ndi mawonekedwe, ngati izi sizikhudza mdani aliyense, nyongolotsi zimapanga msanga, kuyesera kumunyamula pansi. Monga momwe kafukufuku wa asayansi osiyanasiyana akuwonetsera, ndi kachilomboka kamene kali pansi pa omenyera nkhondoyi yomwe imapambana, ndikuponyera pansi kuchokera kunthambi.
Pa chithunzicho pali nkhondo ya mbozi
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti kuwonongeka kotere nthawi zambiri sikuyambitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Pokhala cholengedwa chankhanza, mutha kupeza makanema komwe tizilombo mbozi Kulimbana ndi tizilombo tina tosiyanasiyana. Amagwiritsanso ntchito udindo wake podziteteza kwa adani ndi anthu, ndichifukwa chake ndizowopsa.
Ndikothekanso kugula kachilomboka, monga mitundu ina yambiri, kuchokera kwa ogulitsa okha, koma nkoyenera kukumbukira kuti kulembedwa mu Red Data Books za mayiko ena, kuli m'manja mwawo ndipo mutha kulangidwa chifukwa chowapha kapena kuwasunga kunyumba.
Chakudya
Kuti, amadyedwa ndi mbawala yamphongo zimadalira malo ake. Kuti mumudyetse kunyumba, ndikwanira kupatsirako tizilombo tomwe timakhala ndi shuga, ndizotheka kuwonjezera uchi kapena madzi.
Zakudya zoterezi ndizofanana ndi momwe zingathere kudya kachilomboka kuthengo, ndipo izi makamaka ndiwo zamasamba, kapena mitengo yazing'ono. Amatha kulumanso mphukira zazing'ono kuti amwe madzi ake.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Kuyanjana mu kafadala kumatenga maola angapo, makamaka mumitengo. Kwa nthawi ndithu, asayansi ankanena kuti mbozi zimayikira mazira 100, koma izi sizinachitike. Zonsezi, zazikazi zimatha kuikira mazira pafupifupi 20, ndipo mabowo aliwonse amatola zitsa zovunda, kapena mitengo ikuluikulu yomwe imayamba kuwola.
Mazirawo ndi achikasu komanso owoneka bwino, gawo lawo limakhala kuyambira milungu 3 mpaka 6, pambuyo pake amabadwanso mu mphutsi. Mphutsi zazing'onoting'ono wokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera - amatulutsa mawu pafupipafupi 11 kHz, zomwe zimathandizira kulumikizana kwawo.
Pachithunzicho pali kachilomboka kakang'ono kwambiri
Kukula kwawo kumachitika nthawi yayitali pansi pamitengo yakufa, yomwe iyenera kukhudzidwa ndi nkhungu yoyera. Amathandizanso pakupanga dothi polimbikitsa kuwonongeka kwa matabwa. Polemera galamu imodzi, amatha kudya nkhuni pafupifupi 22.5 cm tsiku limodzi.
Amakonda mitengo yodula monga thundu. Mitengoyi ndi malo okhalamo - akulu ndi mphutsi. Ndi chifukwa chakuchepa kwawo komwe kachilomboka kakuchepa, ndipo posachedwa atha kuzimiririka.
Komanso, tizilombo todabwitsazi timatha kukula m'minda ina yovuta kwambiri, monga elm, birch, ash, poplar, hazel ndi zina zambiri - ngakhale kubzala mitengo ya oak kumakhalabe malo awo okhala. Komanso, kusiyanitsa, amatha kukhala mumtundu wina wamtundu wa coniferous, monga paini ndi thuja.
Pachithunzicho, mphutsi ya kachilomboka
Amakula panthawiyi makamaka kwa zaka 5, ali ndi zofooka chifukwa chosowa chinyezi, koma, amatha kupirira kuzizira kwakukulu, mpaka -20 madigiri. Amakonda kuphunzira kwambiri mu Okutobala. Komanso, mtundu uwu uli ndi adani ambiri, omwe ambiri ndi mbalame.
Kudya kokha mimba ya tizilombo, amasiya mphamvu zake ndi mafupa akunja. Chifukwa cha ichi, nthawi yophukira, kudutsa m'nkhalango, zotsalira zambiri za mbozi zimapezeka. Palinso zidziwitso kuti akadzidzi amawadya ndi mitu yawo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, kachilomboka ndi kachilombo ka 2012 m'maiko monga Austria, Switzerland ndi Germany. Komanso, kachilombo kameneka kamakhala kosangalatsa pa kanema, ndipo kutenga nawo mbali mafilimu ambiri awomberedwa.
