Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Ibis - mbalame, wa banja laling'ono, dongosolo la adokowe. Mitunduyi imapezeka kwambiri - mutha kukumana ndi mbalameyi m'malo otentha, otentha komanso otentha.
Malo okhala achilengedwe ndi m'mbali mwa nyanja ndi mitsinje m'malo otseguka komanso m'nkhalango ndi m'nkhalango, chinthu chachikulu ndichokhalamo anthu. Ena mbalame zamtundu wa ibis Mumakonda steppes ndi savanna, miyala semi-zipululu, kudalira kwawo madzi ndi zochepa kwambiri kuposa ena oimira mitundu. Kukula kwapakati pa wamkulu ndi 50 - 140 cm, kulemera kwake kumatha kukhala 4 kg.
Maonekedwe a ibises amatulutsa mayanjano ndi nthumwi ina iliyonse ya dokowe chifukwa cha miyendo yopyapyala, yayitali, zala zake zolumikizidwa ndi zibangili, mutu wawung'ono wolumikizidwa ndi thupi ndi khosi lalitali, loyenda, lowonda. Kulankhulana momveka bwino kwa mbalame kulibe, chilankhulochi ndichachikhalidwe ndipo sichidya nawo. Komanso, ibises ilibe nthenga ndi zotumphukira za ufa.
Mlomo wa mbalameyi ndi wautali komanso wopindika pang'ono kutsika, mwa anthu ena pamakhala kufutukuka kumapeto kwa mlomo. Kapangidwe kameneka kamathandiza mbalame kuti zifufuze bwinobwino pansi pamatope pofunafuna chakudya. Okonda zamoyo pamtunda amagwiritsa ntchito mlomo uwu kuti apeze chakudya kuchokera kumabowo akuya komanso pamiyala yamiyala.
Chithunzi chojambulidwa samawoneka osangalatsa kuposa moyo, chifukwa cha nthenga yosalala, yokongola. Mtunduwo ndi mtundu umodzi, wakuda, woyera kapena imvi, oimira okongola kwambiri amalingaliridwa zofiira zofiiraamene mtundu wake wachuma ndi wosiririka.
Komabe, ndi molt iliyonse, utoto wowala umachepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti, mbalameyo "imazimiririka" ndi msinkhu. Ena oimira mitunduyi ali ndi chingwe cha nthenga zazitali pamutu pawo. Mapiko akuluakulu a mbalameyi, okhala ndi nthenga 11 zazikulu, amapangitsa kuti izitha kuuluka mwachangu mtunda wautali.
Pachithunzicho muli ndodo zofiira kwambiri
Ndikudabwa chomwe chavuta ndi mutu mbalame zamtengo wapatali ku Egypt chithunzi cha mulungu wa mwezi Thoth, chifukwa chaka chilichonse mbalamezi zimawulukira kugombe la Nailo. Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale apeza zinthu zakale m'manda a anthu otchuka ku Iguputo, komanso zithunzi za mbalamezi. Komabe, tanthauzo la ibis ngati chizindikiro silikudziwikabe, chifukwa palibe umboni wotsimikiza kuti anthu akale amamulambira ngati mbalame.
Mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 16, nsombazi zimapezeka m'mapiri aku Europe, koma mitundu yomwe imakhalako imatha chifukwa chakusintha kwanyengo komanso kukonda anthu akumaloko kusaka. Pakadali pano, mitundu ina ya nyama ili pachiwopsezo cha kutha kwathunthu chifukwa chake ikutetezedwa mwamalamulo.
Khalidwe ndi moyo
Mbalamezi zimakhala bwino ndi mbalame zina ndipo nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'magulu osakanikirana ndi cormorants, heron ndi spoonbill. Chiwerengero cha anthu pagulu limodzi chimatha kuchoka pa 10 mpaka mazana angapo.
Mbalamezi zimathera tsiku lonse zikusaka, usiku ukuyandikira amapita ku zisa zawo kuti zikapume. Ikasaka, mbalamezi zimayenda pang'onopang'ono m'madzi osaya, kufunafuna nyama yoti idye. Ngozi ikamayandikira, imakwera mlengalenga ndikugwira mwamphamvu kwamapiko ake ndikubisala m'nkhalango kapena nthambi zowirira za mitengo.
Adani achilengedwe a ibise ndi ziwombankhanga, nkhanga, mphamba ndi nyama zina zowopsa. Zisa za nthenga zomwe zimakhala pansi nthawi zambiri zimaukiridwa ndi nkhumba zakutchire, nkhandwe, nkhandwe, ndi afisi. Koma, kuvulaza kwakukulu kwa anthu obwera chifukwa cha ibis kudachitika ndi anthu.
Chithunzi ndi ibis yoyera
Komanso, chiwopsezo ndikuchepa pang'onopang'ono kwa malo okhala. Nyanja ndi mitsinje zimauma, madzi awo amaipitsidwa, chakudya chimachepa, chomwe chimakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ibise.
Chifukwa chake, mbalame zadazi, zomwe kale zinkakhala ku Africa ndi kumwera kwa Europe, tsopano zimapezeka ku Morocco kokha, komwe, chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwa oteteza nyama zakutchire, anthu sikuti amangosungidwa, komanso akuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.
Komabe, oimira ogwidwa ukapolowo alibe zikhalidwe zonse zofunika kuthengo. Mwachitsanzo, dazi la dazi lasiyiratu kukumbukira njira zosamukira, popeza adakulira mu ukapolo. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, asayansi adawonetsa mbalamezo ndege, potero amazibwezera chizolowezi chofunikira ichi.
Pachithunzicho muli nsonga za dazi
Chakudya
Mitundu yomwe imakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja imakonda kudya tizilombo, mphutsi, nkhanu zazing'ono, molluscs, nsomba zazing'ono, achule ndi zina za amphibiya. Mbalame zam'mlengalenga sizinyoza dzombe, zikumbu zosiyanasiyana ndi akangaude, nkhono, abuluzi ndi njoka, ndi mbewa.
Njira yonse yosakira ndiyotengera kusodza nyama ndi mulomo waukulu kuchokera kumadzi kapena pansi. Munthawi zovuta, pakasowa zakudya zina, ma ibise amatha kudya zotsalira za nyama zina zolusa.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Mbalame zimathira mazira kamodzi pachaka. Mbalame zomwe zimakhala kumpoto zimayamba nyengo yoswana nthawi yachisanu; kwa anthu akumwera, gawo ili limabwera limodzi ndi nyengo yamvula. Mamembala onse amtunduwu, kuphatikiza Nsomba zofiirandiamodzi okha.
Pachithunzicho muli nsonga za miyendo yofiira
Amuna ndi akazi amapanga mitundu iwiri, yomwe imalumikizana pamoyo wawo wonse ndipo imakweza mwana aliyense. Amuna ndi akazi amatengapo gawo limodzi pomanga chisa chachikulu cha nthambi ndi timitengo tating'ono.
Mbalame zimatha kupeza chisa pansi, komabe, pano kuukira kwa zilombo zamtchire pamazira ndi anapiye kumakhala kofala kwambiri, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira, ngakhale kuli kovuta kwambiri, kumanga zisa m'mitengo pafupi ndi nyumba za mbalame zina. Ngati kulibe mitengo yoyenera m'malo awo, amayang'ana mabango kapena mabango.
Nthawi imodzi, yaikazi imatha kuyikira mazira awiri kapena asanu ndi limodzi, pomwe ana osawoneka bwino imvi kapena bulauni adzawonekera pakatha masabata atatu. Makolo onse awiri amasinthasintha mazira, ndipo, kenako, anapiye, ndi kupeza chakudya panthawi yolera.
Pokhapokha mchaka chachiwiri, anapiye amakhala ndi utoto wokongola m'moyo wonse, ndiye, mchaka chachitatu, amafika pokhwima ndikukhala okonzeka kupanga mabanja awo. Nthawi yayitali ya mbalame yathanzi kuthengo ndi zaka 20.
