Mzere waku Siberia odziwika kwa ojambula, ndi ubweya wake momwe maburashi ofewa apamwamba opangira utoto amapangidwa. Nyamayo imadziwika bwino kwa opanga mafashoni, omwe malaya ake amboya ndiosiyana ndi European mink kapena sable.
Dzina lina "itatsi" linaperekedwa ku mitundu ya Sakhalin, yomwe idapulumuka ochepa - pafupifupi anthu 300 okha. Wachibale wa ferret ndi weasel, koma wosadziwika kwenikweni kuchokera kubanja la weasel, amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera komanso mawonekedwe ake apadera.
Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Danga - nyama mpaka 50 cm, yomwe ili pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mchira. Nyamayo imalemera pafupifupi 700-800 g. Thupi limakulitsidwa, limasiyanitsidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwapadera komanso kuyenda. Miyendo yayifupi yokhala ndi nembanemba yosakula bwino, maso owonekera pakamwa koloza, makutu ang'onoang'ono ozungulira.
Ubweya wokongola ndi kunyada kwapadera kwa nzika za taiga. Mtundu wa utoto m'nyengo yozizira, wokhala ndi utoto wofiyira, umasanduka mdima wakuda nthawi yachilimwe ikafika. Ubweya wa kumchira umakhala wolimba kwambiri kuposa wakumbuyo kapena wamimba.
Mphuno imakongoletsedwa ndi mawanga oyera pamphuno ndi chigoba chakuda kuzungulira maso. Mtundu wofiirira wamiyendo ya nyama ndi ubweya wowala wa malaya amkati umayala kukongola kwa malaya amotowo.
Kuchuluka kwa chovalacho kumasiyanasiyana ndi nyengo: kukongola ndi kachulukidwe kake kumakhala nyengo yachisanu, ndipo chilimwe ubweya umakhala wocheperako komanso wamfupi kuposa nthawi yozizira. Kolonok amakhala mdera la Far East, nkhalango za Ural, taiga malo ku Siberia, Primorye, Yakutia. Ndizochepa kwambiri m'chigawo chathu cha ku Europe. Mzindawu umadziwika ku China, Japan, ku Peninsula ya Korea.
Kukula kwa madera osiyanasiyana kumadalira kupezeka kwa nkhalango zowirira kapena zonenepa zomwe zimakhala ndi makoswe ambiri, ndi malo osungiramo zitsamba, kukhalapo kwa mphepo yamkuntho ndi nkhuni zakufa. Nyama imapewa malo otseguka, imakonda taiga yolimba pamapiri otsetsereka kapena m'mitsinje. Zimapezeka pamalo okwera mpaka 1600 m pamwamba pamadzi.
Column imapezeka m'malo omwe mumakhala anthu, komwe nkhuku komanso kupezeka kwa mbewa ndi makoswe kumamuyitana. Msonkhano wokhala ndi wogulitsa m'midzi, kunja kwa mizinda kapena pafupi ndi minda kumachitika kawirikawiri komwe kumakhudzana ndi kusamuka mokakamizidwa kuchokera ku njala komanso kusamala.
Mwachilengedwe, nyamayo ili ndi adani ambiri. Yaikulu ndiyotchire, kuthamangitsa omwe akupikisana nawo pachakudya kuchokera kumagawo otukuka. Zowononga nthenga zimasaka mzati: nkhwangwa, akadzidzi, ziwombankhanga, akadzidzi a mphungu. Tiyenera kubisala ku ziwombankhanga, nkhandwe, mimbulu, ma ferrets.
Khalidwe ndi moyo m'mbali
Oyankhula nthawi zambiri amakhala usiku. Ntchitoyi imayamba nthawi yamadzulo komanso dzuwa litalowa. Kusaka chakudya sikumangopeka kumadera ena, nyama imatha kuyenda mpaka 10 km kapena kupitilira apo, ngati kusaka kumafuna kusaka nyama.
Usiku, mutha kuwona maso ofiira ofiira a chipilalacho, mukuyang'ana makoswe pakati pa mizu ya mitengo, m'maenje osiyidwa. Anthu okhala m'mitsinje amakhalanso nyama yaubweya yomwe imatha kusambira bwino. Nthawi zambiri, makoswe amadzi, ma muskrats kapena nsomba zamtsinje zimagwera m'makhola okhazikika pamizatiyo.
M'nyengo yozizira, mlenjeyo amawonetsa kuthekera komanso kutha kuyenda pansi pa chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa mtunda wautali mpaka mamita 50. Grouse yamatabwa ndi hazel grouse yomwe imabisala usiku imanunkhiza ndipo imazemba mbalamezo msanga.
Kulimba mtima, chidwi, kuthekera kokukwera muming'alu ndi m'mapanga, kuyenda m'malo amiyala ndi okuta, kukwera mitengo ndi nsonga zamiyala, kusiyanitsa wopalasa wolimba kwambiri.
Nyama sizimayika malo awo. Amakhala m'nyumba zokhala ndi chipmunks, ma voles, mabowo osiyidwa kapena pansi pa nthambi za mitengo yakugwa komanso mulu wamitengo yakufa. Kuphatikiza pakubisalira kosatha, chinyama chimakhala ndi zingapo zosakhalitsa, pomwe zimabisala pakufunika.
Nthawi yozizira kwambiri, imatha kugona osatuluka munyumba yotentha kwa masiku angapo. Kenako kusaka kumachedwetsedwa masana chifukwa cha chisanu chowawa usiku. Mzerewo umayenda modumpha mwachangu. Mawu a wolankhula amafanana ndi phokoso lomwe limapangidwa ndi ferret: kulira kapena mtundu wina wa kulira. Pokwiya, amatulutsa mluzu wowopsa ndi mluzu.
Chakudya
Zakudya zazitsulozo zimakhazikitsidwa ndi nyama zazing'ono: ma jerboas, mbewa, chipmunks, mapikas, agologolo, ndipo nthawi zina hares. Ngakhale chakudya chazinyama chimakhala chachikulu, m'madzi, ndikusunthira kutali makilomita makumi kuchokera pagombe, amasodza ndikusaka nyama zam'mimba, amadya achule, tizilombo ndi mphutsi, amatenga zowola ndi zomwe zimagwa kuchokera kuzinyama zazikuluzikulu.
M'nyengo yozizira, pansi pa chipale chofewa, mbalame yomwe imagona m'mabowo achisanu imasakidwa - ma partges ndi ma hazel grouses, ma grouse akuda. Nyama yothamangitsika modabwitsa ikufuna nyama, kuti igonjetse matalala.
Mu nthawi yokolola, mtedza ndi zipatso amadya. Njala imakakamiza anthu kuti afikire nyumba ya munthu ndikuwononga nyumba zodyera komanso minda yam'minda. Kuukira nkhuku kumakhala kofala. Mosiyana ndi mphaka, sateteza nyama yake, koma imamenya msanga.
N'zochititsa chidwi kuti nyamayo imasaka nyama, nthawi zina imakhala yayikulu kwambiri. Wopikisana wamkulu pazakudya ndi sable, chifukwa chake amamasula madera, ngati wowukira awonekera, amadziwa malo atsopano.
Kufunafuna chakudya kumachitika makamaka usiku. Ngati kuli kotheka kugwira nyama, mzatiyo amakokera kumalo obisika kapena kubisala kwake, koma samadyera komwe amasaka. Milandu yakudya nyama imafotokozedwa, nyama imodzi itagwera mumsampha, pomwe inayo idapeza mwayi.
Kubalana ndi kutalika kwazaka zamoyo
Mizati ndiyayokha, nthawi yolumikizanso anthu imagwa kuyambira Marichi mpaka kumapeto kwa Epulo. Amuna amamenyera akazi, akumenya kwambiri.
Kubala ana kumatenga masiku 30-40; mu gulu limodzi muli ana anayi mpaka 10. Mkazi amakonzekera mawonekedwe awo mwa kukonza chisa kapena phanga la ubweya, masamba, udzu wouma.
Oyankhulawo ndi amayi achikondi omwe amasamalira ana. Poyamba, amafunikira osati kuyamwa mkaka wokha, komanso kutentha, popeza amabadwa amaliseche. Kuzizira kumatha kupha ana.
Mkazi samachoka nthawi zambiri pachisa, koma kukasaka. Chisa choboola mpira chimaphimbidwa ndi moss kapena udzu wouma. M'mweziwo, mwanayo amakula bwino: maso amatseguka, tsitsi limatuluka, chigoba china chimayang'ana pankhope pake. Kudyetsa chakudya cha nyama kumayamba: makoswe ang'onoang'ono, tizilombo.
Amuna samasamalira achichepere. Pofika nthawi yophukira, makanda amakhala ndi ufulu wosamalidwa ndi akazi ndipo amakhala osungulumwa, kusiya chisa. Kutalika kwazitali zachilengedwe sizipitilira zaka 2-4. Mu ukapolo, mawuwo amakula mpaka zaka 8-9.
Zosangalatsa okamba kuweta, pali ofunitsitsa kugula nyama ndikuwongolera. Zimakhala zosavuta. M'mafamu, panali zoyeserera zoweta mizati kuti apeze zikopa zaubweya, zofunikira pakati pa ena. Koma pochita malonda, mink idapambana, mtengo wake ndiwokwera.
