Salmon wa Sockeye ndi nsomba yomwe ndi ya banja la salmon, mtundu wa salimoni ndipo imangokhala pagombe la Pacific. Iyi ndi nsomba yamtengo wapatali yamalonda, yomwe ili yosangalatsa kwa onse anglers ndi akatswiri.
Kufotokozera kwa nsomba za sockeye
Nsomba ya Sockeye ndi nsomba yowopsa... Adakali wachinyamata komanso amakhala m'mitsinje yamadzi amchere, ali ndi utoto wonyezimira. Amayamba manyazi ndi msinkhu. Izi ndichifukwa choti imadyetsa makamaka ma crustaceans okhala ndi carotene. Zimakhala zofiira kwambiri zikamapita kunyanja. Si nsomba yayikulu kwambiri ya salimoni, komabe, imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa zokoma kwambiri.
Maonekedwe
Mwakuwoneka, nsomba za sockeye ndizofanana ndi nsomba ya chum, motero anthu osadziwa zambiri amawasokoneza. Amasiyana pamitundu ya ma gill stamens; mu sockeye salmon mumakhala ambiri. Thupi la saumoni la sockeye limakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofunikira ndipo limapanikizika pang'ono kuchokera mmbali; mutu wake ndi wowongoka. Kutalika kwa nsombayo kumayambira masentimita 50 mpaka 80. Amuna ndi akulu komanso owala kuposa akazi. Avereji ya kulemera kwa 3.5-5 kg. Kukula kwakukulu kwa nsomba za sockeye ndi 110 cm ndikulemera kwa 7.5 kg.
Ndizosangalatsa! Mwambiri, kulemera ndi kukula kwa sockeye zimadalira posungira komwe nsomba zimachokera.
Monga mitundu yambiri ya nsomba, nsomba za sockeye zimakhala ndi mtundu wofiyira pang'ono womwe umakhala wolimba kwambiri nthawi yakumasirana. Chifukwa chake, mtundu wa nsomba zotere zimadalira kwambiri malo okhala komanso zakudya.
Khalidwe la nsomba
Sockeye, monga mitundu yonse ya nsomba, ndi yamtundu wa nsomba zowopsa. Nsombazi zimabadwira m'madzi, nthawi zina kumtunda kwa mitsinje. Atakhala nthawi yayitali m'malo oberekera komanso atakhwima pang'ono, ndikulimba, nsomba yaying'ono imayamba kuchoka pakamwa pamtsinje. Kumeneko, nsomba ya sockeye ya zaka ziwiri imalowa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, kenako imapita kunyanja kukakhuta.
Kukulira ndi gawo lofunikira pachitetezo, chifukwa kumawonjezera mwayi wopulumuka m'malo owopsa am'madzi. Asanalowe m'maphukusi, amakhala moyo wachinsinsi. M'nyanja, nsomba za sockeye zimakhala zonenepa mpaka zaka 4, ndipo zikafika pa unamwali, zomwe zimachitika ali ndi zaka 4-5, nsomba za sockeye zimayamba kusunthira kutsidya lina lamtsinje ndikupita kumalo oberekera.
Ndizosangalatsa! Sockeye ndi imodzi mwamitunduyi, yomwe imakhala ndi chibadwa champhamvu kwambiri kunyumba - nsomba sizimangobwerera kumalo awo obadwira, koma molunjika komwe zidabadwira. Salmon ikatha kuyika mazira, imafa.
Utali wamoyo
Kutalika kwa nsomba ya sockeye kumadalira nthawi yomwe imayamba.... Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika zaka 4-6. Ali panjira, zoopsa zambiri zimamuyembekezera: awa ndi miyala yakuthwa, m'mphepete mwake momwe munthu amatha kuvulazidwira ndikupha nyama zambiri, zomwe nsomba zimakhala zosavuta kuzisaka.
Salmoni ikakwaniritsa ntchito yake yachilengedwe, imafa. Chifukwa chake, pamikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri, chiyembekezo cha moyo wa nsombayi ndi zaka 5-6. Mitundu ya Sockeye yomwe imasungidwa mu ukapolo imakhala yotalikirapo, mpaka zaka 7-8. Izi ndichifukwa choti kumeneko alibe adani achilengedwe ndipo amadyetsa mochuluka.
Mitundu ya Sockeye
Pali mitundu yambiri ya nsomba za sockeye. Zina mwa izo sizimapita kunyanja nkomwe. Amakhala moyo wawo wonse mosungira mofanana. Chiwerengero cha mazira omwe ali nawo chikhoza kukhala 3-5 m'moyo wonse. Anadromous, mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya nsombayi imatchedwanso red salmon, kapena red salmon.
Amasiyanitsanso mawonekedwe anyanja, omwe amatchedwa kokani, uwu ndi mtundu wodziyimira pawokha wa nsomba za sockeye. Mtundu wocheperako wokhala ndi nsomba za sockeye, womwe umapezeka munyanja za Kamchatka, North America ndi Japan. Sipita kunyanja, ndipo kuberekana kwake kumachitika nthawi imodzi ndi ofiirawo, pomwe anthu ochepa amagawana nawo malo oberekera.
Ndizosangalatsa! Salimoni wa Sockeye amadutsa kuchokera ku anadromous kupita kumalo okhalamo, bola pakakhala chakudya chokwanira mnyanjayi kuti chikhazikike m'madzi ake.
Mitundu yonse yama sockeye ndiyofunikira munthawi yazakudya kwa okhala m'malo awa. Salimoni wofiira yekha ndi amene ali wofunikira pamalonda kwa anthu. Mitundu ina yonseyi ndi yosangalatsa makamaka kwa okonda kusodza.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Salmon yofiira kwambiri yofiira idapezeka pagombe la Alaska. Komanso, anthu ambiri amapezeka pafupi ndi Berengov Strait kupita kumpoto kwa California, nthawi zambiri amapezeka ku Arctic pafupi ndi gombe la Canada ndi Islands Islands.
Kudera la Russia, nsomba iyi imapezeka ku Kamchatka, kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa kwa nyanja. M'chigawo cha zilumba za Kuril, pali nsomba zamchere zambiri m'madzi a Iturup Island. Ku Chukotka, nsomba za sockeye ndizofala pafupifupi m'madzi onse. M'madzi a chilumba cha Hokkaido ku Japan, mtundu wamtunduwu ndi wofalikira.
Zakudya, zakudya
Salmon ya Sockeye ndi nsomba yodziwikiratu yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi yolanda... Mwachangu amadyetsa zooplankton. Salmon wamkulu wa nsomba ndi nsomba zowopsa, gawo lalikulu la chakudya chake ndi ma crustaceans, ma molluscs ndi nsomba. Angagwiritsenso ntchito tizilombo ngati chakudya. Ichi ndi chakudya chopatsa mafuta kwambiri, ndipo nsomba zimakula msanga mpaka kukula kwakukulu. Nsomba za Sockeye zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kupirira kwawo kwakukulu ndipo zimatha kukhala osadya kwa nthawi yayitali. Njira yake yonse ndiyotengera kuwononga mphamvu posaka nyama.
Sockeye kuswana
Salmon ikatha msinkhu, imakhala yokonzeka kuberekana. Amayamba kupita kumalo kwawo mu Meyi, ndipo nthawi imeneyi imatenga miyezi 2 mpaka 3. Anthuwa adagawika awiriawiri, kenako amayang'ana malo oyenera kukonza chisa. Chisa chomangidwa chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a chowulungika ndi kukhumudwa pang'ono mpaka masentimita 15-30.
Izi ndizokwanira kuteteza mazira kwa okonda nyama zosavuta. Pakuya kwambiri, chimbalangondo sichidzamva fungo la caviar, ndipo mbalame sizidzatha kuzipeza. Caviar ya salmon yachikazi ndi yofiira kwambiri, pafupifupi mazira ndi mazira 3000. Mwachangu amabadwa patatha miyezi 7-8. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa dzinja.
Ena mwa mazirawo amatsukidwa ndikuchotsedwa nawo pano, ena amakwanitsa kufikira kunyanja. Mwa iwo omwe mwachangu adakwanitsa kubadwa, sikuti onse amakhala ndi moyo mpaka kukula.
Ndizosangalatsa! M'nyengo yamasika ndi chilimwe, mwachangu amayamba kunenepa ndikupita kunyanja, komwe amakadyetsa misa. Pambuyo pazaka 4-6, zonse zimabwerezedwanso.
Adani achilengedwe
Mdani wachilengedwe wamkulu wa sockeye salmon, mosasamala nyengo, ndi anthu... Popeza iyi ndi nsomba yamtengo wapatali yamalonda, imagwidwa mwamphamvu pamalonda. Mitundu ikuluikulu ya nsomba ndi mbalame zomwe zimadya nyama zina zimapweteketsa ana.
Pakubereka ana, zimbalangondo, akambuku ndi nyama zina zomwe zimadya nyama zina zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri. Nsomba zotopa zitha kukhala nyama ngakhale nyama zazing'ono zomwe zimabwera kuphwando kamodzi pachaka.
Ndiyenera kunena kuti ndi nsomba zochepa zomwe zimakafika pacholinga, zimamwalira zochuluka chifukwa cha zilombo zolusa ndikuphwanya miyala. Vuto lina la nsomba za sockeye si kusodza m'mafakitale, koma opha nyama mozemba, panthawiyi nsomba zimatha kugwidwa ndi dzanja. Izi zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa anthu.
Mtengo wamalonda
Potenga nsomba zonse, nsomba za sockeye zimakhala pamalo achiwiri pambuyo pa nsomba za chum ndipo zimakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri posodza m'deralo.
Ndizosangalatsa! Amapezeka makamaka ndi maukonde okhazikika ndi ma seine, maukonde oyenda. Zogwidwa pagombe la America ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa za ku Asia. Mitundu ya salmon ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja pano idapangidwa ku Japan.
Nyama ya Sockeye ndi mafuta kwambiri, mafuta a sockeye salmon ndi achiwiri kwa chavycha, mafuta ake amakhala pakati pa 7 mpaka 11%. Zakudya zamzitini zimayesedwa zabwino kwambiri pakati pa nsomba za Pacific. Nyama ya nsombayi imakonda kwambiri ndipo imakhala ndi mavitamini ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza anthu.
Sockeye caviar ndi yabwino poyamba kokha, chifukwa imapeza msanga zowawa, chifukwa chake ndiyotsika mtengo kuposa caviar ya nsomba ina yaku Pacific. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomweyo, osasunga. Imawoneka yosavuta kusiyanitsa, ndi yaying'ono ndipo ili ndi utoto wofiyira.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Kwa nthawi yayitali sockeye nsomba anali ndi udindo wa mtundu wotetezedwa... Chifukwa chake mu 2008, m'malo angapo, nsomba za sockeye zimawerengedwa kuti zatha. Njira zotetezera zomwe boma latenga zidapangitsa kuti izi zitheke. Komabe, pali ngozi, zoyipa zoyipa kwambiri pakukula kwa anthu zimaperekedwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe ndi kuwononga nyama moperewera.
