Masokosi - anyani okhala ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka komanso owoneka bwino achibale awo onse. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mitunduyi ndi mphuno, chifukwa chake dzina la anyani. Chotsatira, tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane za nyama iyi ndikuphunzira za moyo wake.
Mawonekedwe ndi malo amphuno
Monkey sock (kahau) ndi nyama yosowa kwambiri yomwe imapezeka kokha pachilumba cha Kalimantan (Borneo), chomwe chili pakati pa Brunei, Malaysia ndi Indonesia. Kusaka, komanso kudula mitengo mwachangu, kumabweretsa chiwonongeko cha malo okhala.
Ngakhale adatchulidwa mu Red Book, kuchuluka kwa anthu kukuchepa, kutsala ochepera zikwi zitatu. Nyama zosekazi ndizofala kwambiri mdera la Sibah pafupi ndi Mtsinje wa Kinabatangan.
Chikhalidwemphuno zanyama pomwe mchere, mchere ndi zina zofunikira pazakudya zawo zimasungidwa, ndiye kuti, mitengo ya mango, zipego za peat, nkhalango zamadzi, madzi abwino. M'madera omwe akukwera mamita 350 pamwamba pa nyanja, nyama sizingapezeke.
Kukula kwa amuna akulu kumatha kufikira 75 cm, kulemera - 15-24 kg. Akazi ndi theka kukula ndi opepuka. Mphuno zimakhala ndi mchira wautali - pafupifupi masentimita 75. Cohau ili ndi mtundu wosangalatsa kwambiri. Pamwambapa, matupi awo ali ndi utoto wofiyira, pansi pake pamayera, mchira ndi miyendo ndi imvi, nkhope yopanda tsitsi ndiyofiira.
Koma kusiyana kwawo kwakukulu ndi mitundu ina ya anyani kuli pamphuno yayikulu, m'mimba yayikulu komanso mu mbolo yofiira kwambiri mwa amuna achikulire, omwe nthawi zonse amakhala osangalala.
Mpaka pano, asayansi sanafike pomaliza chifukwa chake mphuno zili ndi mphuno zazikulu. Ena amakhulupirira kuti amathandiza nyama posambira ndipo amakhala ngati chubu chopumira.
Komabe, funso limabuka kuti chifukwa chiyani akazi samira, omwe amachotsedwa ulemuwu. Akatswiri ena anena kuti mphuno imalimbikitsa kulira kwa amuna ndikuthandizira kutentha kwa thupi.
Nthawi zina mphuno ya sentimita 10, yomwe imawoneka ngati nkhaka, imalepheretsa kudya. Ndiye nyamazo ziyenera kumuthandiza ndi manja awo. Ng'ombe ikakwiya kapena kusokonezeka, mphuno imakula kwambiri ndikusandulika kufiira.
Ndi zaka, mphuno zimakula ndikukula. Ndizosangalatsa kuti kugonana koyenera nthawi zonse kumasankha wamwamuna wokhala ndi mphuno yayikulu kuti abereke. Iwo iwonso ndi nyama zazing'ono zimakhala ndi ziwalozi mopepuka kuposa nthawi yayitali.
Pachithunzicho muli lupu lachikazi
Mimba yayikulugulu la masokosi chifukwa cha mimba yayikulu. Muli mabakiteriya omwe amathandiza kupesa chakudya. Izi zimathandizira kuti:
- kuwonongeka kwa fiber, kutsogola kumaperekedwa ndi mphamvu zopezedwa kuchokera ku greenery (palibe anyani akulu kapena anthu omwe alibe zinthu ngati izi);
- kusalola mitundu ina ya ziphe ndi mabakiteriya, chifukwa chake amphaka amatha kudya zomera zomwe nyama zina zitha kuyipitsa.
Komabe, palinso zovuta pa izi:
- Kutsekemera kwa zipatso zotsekemera ndi zotsekemera kumatha kubweretsa kudzikundikira kwambiri kwa mpweya m'thupi (flatulence), komwe kumatha kubweretsa imfa ya nyama;
- Mphuno sizimadya zakudya zamasamba zomwe zimakhala ndi maantibayotiki, chifukwa izi zimapha mabakiteriya m'mimba.
Pakuwonekera kwawo koyambirira, mphuno yayikulu ndi mimba, anthu am'mudzimo amatcha "anyani achi Dutch" am'maso chifukwa chofananako ndi ma Dutch omwe adapanga chilumbachi.
Chikhalidwe ndi njira ya moyo wa womunyamulayo
Kuchokera kumbali, mphuno ndizinyama zonenepa komanso zosakhazikika, komabe, ichi ndi chifanizo cholakwika. Iwo, akugwedeza ndi manja awo, amalumpha kuchokera ku nthambi kupita kuntchito ndi luso labwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kuyenda ndi miyendo iwiri mtunda wautali. Maiboni okha ndi mphuno za anyani onse ndizomwe zimatha. M'malo otseguka, amayenda miyendo inayi, ndipo pakati pamitengo yamitengo amatha kuyenda mozungulira.
Mwa anyani onse, kahau amasambira bwino kwambiri. Amalumpha kuchokera kumitengo kupita m'madzi ndikusuntha pansi pamadzi mtunda wa 20 mita. Amasambira ngati galu, kwinaku akuthandiza miyendo yakumbuyo, yomwe imakhala ndi mamina ang'onoang'ono.
Kuyambira pobadwa, mayi wamkazi amamiza mwana wake m'madzi, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakwera paphewa la mayiyo kudzaza mapapo ndi mpweya. Ngakhale amatha kusambira, nyama sizimakonda madzi, nthawi zambiri zimabisalamo ndi tizilombo tosasangalatsa.
Anyani ochezekawa amasonkhana m'magulu. Amatha kukhala aakazi, omwe amakhala ndi amuna achikulire komanso akazi 7-10, ena onse ndi ana ndi nyama zazing'ono. Kapena gulu la anyamata odziyimira pawokha okonzeka.
Pakutha msinkhu, amuna amachotsedwa kumene amakhala, pomwe akazi okalamba amakhalabe mmenemo. Gulu limodzi la masokosi pamatha kukhala nyama zopitilira 30. Akazi achikulire amatha kusintha azimayi awo kangapo m'moyo wawo wonse.
Usiku kapena palimodzi kufunafuna chakudya, magulu amatha kulumikizana. Anyani amalankhulana pogwiritsa ntchito kubangula, kukuwa, mamvekedwe osiyanasiyana amphuno, ndikulira. Pakamveka phokoso lalikulu mu gulu la akazi, yamphongo yayikulu imayesetsa kukhazika pansi aliyense ndikumveka pang'ono kwamphongo. Anyani amathetsa mikangano mofuula: ndani amafuula kwambiri, kenako chigonjetso. Wolephera ayenera kuchoka mwamanyazi.
Mphuno zimagona m'mitengo yomwe ili pafupi ndi madzi. Ntchito yawo yayikulu kwambiri imawonedwa mu theka lachiwiri la tsiku, ndipo imatha ndikulowa kwa madzulo. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti mphuno sizingakhale kutali ndi madzi, chifukwa apo ayi sizikhala ndi michere yokwanira yothandizira thupi.
Kuphatikiza apo, nyani uyu sagwirizana ndi anthu, mosiyana ndi abale ake ambiri. Makhalidwe onse omwe amapatsidwa ndi anthu ndi osalimbikitsa. Amanenedwa kuti ndi anyani olusa, achinyengo, oyipa, odekha komanso aulesi.
Komabe, ziyenera kuzindikiridwa molimba mtima modabwitsa momwe amatetezera gulu lawo pokaukiridwa ndi adani, komanso kusakhala ndi mikangano yopusa komanso magwiridwe antchito. Alinso anzeru mokwanira.
Chakudya cha masokosi
Kufunafuna chakudyamphuno wamba imatha kuyenda mtunda wa pafupifupi makilomita awiri. Zakudya zawo zimakhala ndi zipatso zosapsa osati zowutsa mudyo komanso masamba achichepere. Malinga ndi akatswiri, nyama zimadya mitundu 30 yamasamba, 17 - mphukira, maluwa ndi zipatso, mitundu yonse yazomera 47.
Anyaniwa amakhala ndi mpikisano wochepa kapena wopanda mpikisano pakati pamagulu kapena mkati mwawo. Palibe magawidwe omveka bwino am'madera, amangotsatira zoletsa zina. Oimira ma macaque ndi chimpanzi okha ndi omwe angasokoneze chakudyacho ndikuwathamangitsa pamtengo.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa mphuno
Nthawi yokwatirana, wamkazi ndiye woyamba kuchitapo kanthu, kutulutsa milomo yake, kugwedeza mutu wake, kuwonetsa maliseche ake mwanjira zina kuwonetsa kukonzeka kwake kugonana. Patatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mwana m'modzi amabadwa ndi thunzi ya buluu, mphuno yopepuka komanso yolemera pafupifupi 500g. Mtundu wa mphutsi umakhala wotuwa pakatha miyezi itatu kenako pang'onopang'ono umakhala ndi mtundu wa munthu wamkulu.
Pachithunzichi pali mphuno ya mwana
Mwana amadya mkaka wa mayi kwa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri, pambuyo pake amakhala akuyang'aniridwa ndi amayi ake kwakanthawi. Nyama zimakula msinkhu wazaka 5-7; amuna amakula pang'onopang'ono kuposa akazi. M'mikhalidwe yomwe imaperekedwa ndi zakutchire, ma nosy amatha kukhala zaka 23. Kusunga ukapolo kumatha kubweretsa chiwerengerochi mpaka zaka 30.
