Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala mbalame ya phwiti
Zaryanka, phwiti monga zachizolowezi kutchulira izi, ndi za banja la ma thrush. Anthu ambiri amasokoneza robin kapena zoryanka, koma nkhaniyi ndi yosavuta kumva, dzina la mbalameyo linachokera ku mawu oti "m'bandakucha", popeza ndi nthawi yomwe amayamba kuyimba.
Phwiti, kambalame kakang'ono, kakang'ono pafupifupi masentimita 14, ndi mapiko otalika mpaka 20 cm, olemera mpaka ma g 16. Zitha kuwoneka kwa ena kuti mbalameyi ndi "yozungulira", koma sizili choncho, nthenga zake sizimamangirirana ndi thupi ndipo kapangidwe kofewa, ndichifukwa chake chikuwoneka chonenepa.
Chachimuna nthawi zonse chimakhala chokulirapo pang'ono kuposa chachikazi, pomwe chimakhala ndi utoto wofanana: msana uli ndi kulocha kofiirira, nthenga pambali ndi m'khosi zimakhala zamtambo. Malo a lalanje pakhosi ndiye kusiyana kwakukulu ndi mbalame zina.
Chithunzi cha Zaryanka mutha kuwona patsamba lino, musirire, ngati palibe njira yowonera mbalameyi ndi maso anu. Mutha kumvera ngakhale mawu akuimba kwake. Phwiti amayenda modumpha pang'ono, amakhala ndi miyendo yayitali.
Mbali yaikulu ya mbalame yokongolayi ndi mawu ake. Trill yake ndi yokongola komanso yomveka bwino modabwitsa. Zaryanka amatha kuimba kwanthawi yayitali osayima. Zimatha kumveka m'mawa kwambiri komanso usiku.
Phwiti samangosangalatsa khutu ndi kuyimba kwake, komanso amakopa anzawo. Wamwamuna amatanthauzira gawo lake ndikumveka kwake.
Mbalame yodabwitsa ngati phwiti imapezeka ku Europe ndi Africa. Komanso ku Russia, kudera lonse la Europe. Malo awo ali m'nkhalango, koma osati kawirikawiri amakhala m'mapaki odzaza ndi mitengo.
Mbalameyi sakonda nkhalango zoyera komanso zopepuka za paini; imakonda nkhalango za hazel ndi alder. Pakadali pano, nkhalango zambiri zikudulidwa, ndiye kuti malobvu adalimba mtima ndikuyamba kumanga zisa zawo m'minda mosawopa anthu.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa phwiti
Zaryanka ndi mbalame yosamuka. Amafika kumalo okhala zisa pamene masamba oyamba sanasamuke pamitengo. Nthawi imeneyi, mutha kumumva akuyimba osefukira tsiku lonse.
Mverani mawu a phwiti
Mitengo ikakhala ndi masamba, nyimbo zimamveka m'mawa ndi madzulo okha. Robin, finch ndi thrush pangani nyimbo zamatsenga zomwe nthawi zonse mumafuna kusangalala nazo.
Mbalame yamphaka ndi yaubwenzi kwambiri, samaopa anthu, imawalola kuyandikira kwambiri, ngakhale nthawi zina imalola kuti igwirizane. Nthawi yozizira, imatha kuwuluka mnyumba mopanda mantha.
Ponena za mbalame zina, zimakhala zovuta kuti phwiti azikhala nawo m'dera limodzi. Mwa iwo okha, amakhala osungulumwa, koma mutha kuwona momwe amalimbirana ndi mbalame za anthu ena. Nthawi zambiri, amuna amapezerera anzawo, kuteteza mosamala dera lawo. Zotsatira zakusokonekera kumeneku ndikufa kwa mbalame, mpaka 10%.
Ma Robins samakhalira panthambi, monga mbalame zambiri, koma pansi kapena zitsa. Kuti achite izi, amagwiritsa ntchito masamba ndi masamba osiyanasiyana. Amakonda kwambiri madera omwe matupi amadzi ali pafupi.
Simungathe kupitirira malongosoledwe a phwiti popanda nyengo molting. Anapiye ang'onoang'ono alibe chifuwa cha lalanje, pokhapokha atakhala ndi mphamvu, atakula, nthenga zawo zimasintha ndikukhala ndi mtundu wabwino.
Kudya mbalame za Robin
Zowonjezera m'khola la phwiti, zakudya zimasiyanasiyana. Kumalo otere kumakhala kosavuta kupeza akangaude, kafadala, nyongolotsi, ndi zina zotero Tizilombo ndi chakudya chachikulu cha mbalameyi nthawi yotentha. M'nyengo yozizira, phwiti amadyetsa zipatso ndi mbewu. Rowan, elderberry, currant, mbewu za spruce amakonda.
Monga tanenera kale, phwiti ndi wokoma mtima kwambiri kwa anthu, chifukwa chake imawulukira kwa odyetsa mosangalala. Amathanso kukhazikika ndi munthu. Poterepa, muyenera kukhala okonzeka chifukwa chokongola nyimbo ya phwiti adzamveka m'mawa uliwonse.
Zaryanka nthawi zambiri imapezeka pafupi ndi wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa kuti azidya zipatso zokoma. Komanso amatenga nawo mbali pakuwononga tizilombo tosafunikira.
Phwiti ndi amene amakonda kwambiri ambiri. Makamaka, ana amakonda kumusamalira, kukonzekera mbalame yovutayi. Ndizodziwika kuti ndizovuta kuti phwiti adye kuchokera kwa wodyetsa, chifukwa sanazolowere kumamatira m'manja mwake.
Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kumwaza chakudya pansi. Mutha kukumananso m'maphunziro a sukulu Zolemba pa phwiti... Phwiti amalemekezedwa kwambiri komanso kupembedzedwa ku Great Britain, zili choncho, malinga ndi mtundu wosavomerezeka, ndine mbalame yadziko lonse. Kuchokera m'zaka za zana la 19 wakhala chizindikiro cha Khrisimasi.
Amakhulupiliranso kuti phwiti wolimba uja adathandiza Namwali Maria kukhalabe pamoto pomenyetsa mapiko ake mosamala. Kenako adabweretsa mitengo kuti isazime, motero akumutenthetsa Yesu.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa nthawi ya phwiti
Amuna amawoneka m'malo obisalira kumayambiriro kwa masika, pomwe akazi amabwera mkatikati mwa Meyi ndipo nthawi yomweyo amayamba kubzala. Malo oti ana amtsogolo azikhalamo amapezeka mumizu kapena ming'alu ya mitengo, pansi pazitsamba.
Mazira a Robin
Iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi china chochokera kumwamba, kaya ndi muzu kapena mwala wotuluka. Chisa chimakutidwa ndi udzu ndi masamba ndipo chimakhala chosalimba. Zaryanka imatha kuikira mazira asanu ndi awiri nthawi imodzi, ndi achikaso achikasu ndi zitsamba za lalanje.
Onse awiri nawonso akuchita nawo mazira, kapena amayi okha, ndipo abambo amafunitsitsa kusamalira banja lawo. Nthawi imeneyi imakhala masiku 14.
Anapiye atsopano a mphamba
Anapiye aang'ono amabadwa opanda nthenga ndipo amakhala m'chisa chawo kwa milungu iwiri. Pambuyo pake, zimauluka, ngakhale masiku 6-7 oyamba amakhala pafupi ndi amayi awo.
Kenako amayamba moyo wachikulire wodziyimira pawokha. Mkazi amatha kubala ana awiri pachaka. Phwiti ndi mayi wosamala kwambiri, motero si zachilendo kuti iye azisamalira anapiye a cuckoo.
Anapiye a Robin
Tsoka ilo, lokongola komanso losangalatsa mbalame ya phwiti amakhala zaka zochepa chabe. Moyo wa mbalame yaying'ono umachepetsedwa kwambiri ndi adani ake - mphamba ndi kadzidzi. Mazira amasakidwanso ndi zilombo zolusa.
Kwenikweni ikhoza kukhala nkhandwe, ferret, weasel, mphaka wamtchire. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa adani komanso kuchepa kwa nkhalango, ziphuphu sizikuchepa. Amatha kusinthasintha mosiyanasiyana.
