Wamng'ono, wachisomo mbalame ya dipper imamenyera motsutsana ndi gawo lamadzi.
Amalowa m'madzi ozizira mosavuta -25 -40 madigiri, amathamanga pansi, kufunafuna chakudya. Akuponyera kumtunda, akuyamba kuimba mluzu, ngakhale kuti nyengo sinayende konse.
Osiyanasiyana pamtsinje, womwetsa, ndi ochepa omwe awona, sakonda kukhalapo kwa munthu. Ndipo mbalameyo imakhazikika wina ndi mnzake patali. Koma mukawona mbalame yodabwitsa imeneyi, simusokonezanso ndi ena.
Za dipper pali nthano zambiri zokongola. Anthu akumpoto amapachika phiko la mbalame yaying'ono pabedi la ana. Amakhulupirira kuti chithumwa chidzapatsa ana chipiriro, sadzaopa kuzizira, madzi ndipo adzakhala asodzi abwino.
Mawonekedwe ndi malo okhala
Wothira wa gulu la odutsa, a banja la Krapivnikov. Mwa anthu wamba amamuyitana mpheta yamadzi kapena thrush yamadzi. Mbalameyi ndi yocheperako pang'ono kuposa thrush, yokhala ndi mchira wawufupi, nthenga zakuda bii, kutsogolo kwake kuli malaya oyera. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timakhala ndi imvi, pomwe pali nthenga zakuda zomwe zimawoneka bwino.
Malo okhala ndi ochuluka. Awa ndi Europe, Africa (Atlas Mountain), Carpathians, Caucasus. Urals, Kola Peninsula, Karelia ndi South Siberia, ngakhale chisanu choopsa, kumakhala mbalame - yopatuka. Ndipo ndidasankha Far East wonyezimira wofiirira... Ndi yayikulu kuposa yothira wamba, yonse ya bulauni, khosi ndi chifuwa ilibe malaya oyera kutsogolo.
Dongosolo la odutsa ndilokulirapo komanso lochulukirapo. Koma wothira m'modzi yekha sachita mantha ndi gawo lamadzi ndipo amalumphira m'mitsinje yaying'ono ndi mitsinje. Osangodumphira m'madzi, koma amathamanga momasuka pansi, atapuma mpweya kwa mphindi. Munthawi imeneyi, amatha kuthamanga ma 10-20 m kutsika kwa mtsinje wokhala ndi madzi oundana. Imadzaza mita kuya, ndipo nthawi zina kuposa.
Khalidwe ili ndilabwino kwa iye. Mwaluso amatsutsa zamakono, posankha malo oyenera. Wina amakhala ndi lingaliro loti womwaza akuvina gule woyaka waku Spain pansi pamadzi.
Vitaly Bianki analemba za iye, wojambula uja ndi "mbalame yopenga". Kuyenda mwachangu komanso kwakuthwa kumiza pansi pamadzikufunafuna chakudya. Ndipo atalumphira kumtunda, saopa konse chisanu ndi kuzizira. Monga kuti palibe chomwe chidachitika, amayamba kudzifota, kulumpha ndikung'ung'udza nyimbo yake yosangalatsa.
Pansi pamtsinje, akuyang'ana mphutsi za agulugufe, nsikidzi, mitsinje yakufa yomwe yagwera m'madzi. Mpheta yamadzi imadumphira m'madzi pansi pamadzi makamaka nthawi yozizira, komanso nthawi zambiri nthawi yachilimwe. Izi zitha kufotokozedwa mophweka.
M'chilimwe mumakhala chakudya chambiri. Mutha kupeza zakudya zosiyanasiyana m'mphepete mwa nyanja, koma nthawi yachisanu zinthu zimakhala zosiyana. Palibe chakudya pansi pa chipale chofewa, motero mbalame imamira m'madzi achisanu ikufunafuna chakudya.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wam'madzi
Ngakhale malo ake amakhala osiyanasiyana, womangayo siwowoneka bwino. Amakonda kukhazikika kutali ndi munthuyo. Koma ngati azindikira kuti munthuyo samamuvulaza, amasiya kuchita mantha ndikukhazikika pafupi naye.
Mtundu wa mbalameyi umabisa tsiku lachilimwe. Udindo wapadera pano wapatsidwa malo oyera pakhosi ndi pachifuwa. Mutha kuganiza kuti kunyezimira kwa dzuwa lotentha, kumalumpha kuchokera kumalo kupita kumalo. Kuyang'ana photo, komala Zikuwoneka ngati gulu la dzuwa likudumphira pamadzi.
Mbalame zimakhalanso pakati pawo patali kwambiri. Malo ake malo okhala mosamala amateteza. Amuna amathamangitsa wachibale wawo yemwe wapita kudera la wina mwangozi. Nthawi ndi nthawi zimauluka mozungulira katundu wake.
Mpikisano woterewu umalumikizidwa makamaka ndi kusowa chakudya. Gwape amakonda mitsinje yothamanga, samakhazikika pafupi ndi madzi osayenda pang'ono ndi pang'ono. Ndipo sakudziwa m'madzi m'madzi konse.
Zakudya zam'madzi
Wothira chilimwe amapeza chakudya m'mphepete mwa mtsinje. Samakonda kuyenda pansi pamadzi, kudumpha kuchokera pamiyala ndi miyala, kufunafuna tizirombo tating'onoting'ono, mphutsi, ma crustaceans amtsinje. Osanyoza tizilombo tofa tomwe timagwera m'madzi. Popeza chakudya chimakhala chochuluka, sagwiritsa ntchito luso lake lodabwitsa.
Koma nthawi yozizira ikafika, pamakhala chakudya chochepa kwambiri, kotero womwazayo amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ake osangalatsa. Inde, pansi pake mutha kupeza mphutsi, kafadala ndi nyama zazinyama zobisika pansi pamiyala komanso pansi pamtsinje.
Chifukwa chake chimapulumuka kumiza m'nyengo yozizira... Ndinasambira, ndinathamangira pansi, ndinapeza kena kake. Adalumphira kumtunda, adadya zomwe adapeza, adayimba likhweru pang'ono, adapumula ndikulowanso m'madzi.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo
Nyengo yakumasirana imayamba molawirira kwambiri. Kale mu Marichi, pamene mbalame zosamukira zimayamba kubwerera, amatha kumva zokongola komanso zosangalatsa nyimbo ya dipper... Ino ndi nthawi yosankha banja, nthawi yamasewera achikwati. Awiri amatenga malo okhala, nthawi zambiri amakhala makilomita 2-3 kuchokera pagulu lina.
Monga lamulo, malowa amakhala pafupi ndi madzi. Awa ndi malo okhalamo omata.
Onse wamkazi ndi wamwamuna akugwira nawo ntchito yomanga chisa. Kawirikawiri mawonekedwe ozungulira, 20 cm m'mimba mwake, ndi notch yayikulu yokhala ndi mainchesi a 9 cm imatsalira pambali.
Makomawo ndi wandiweyani, m'mimba mwake, chisa chimafikira masentimita 40. Ichi si chisa chaching'ono. Mwachitsanzo, mu nyenyezi, pakhomo lolowera ndi masentimita asanu okha.
Zinthuzo ndi masamba a msondodzi wouma, moss, masamba a udzu. Chisa chimabisidwa mosamala nthawi zonse. Malo omwe amakonda kwambiri chisa ndi ming'alu ya miyala yomwe imapachikidwa pamadzi.
Ma dippers ngati mizu yolakwika ya mitengo yomwe ili pafupi ndi madzi. Nthawi zambiri chisa chimabisika kwa anthu komanso chilombo ndi mathithi ang'onoang'ono. Kawirikawiri, ili ndi mwala wopachikidwa pamwamba pa chisa.
Kale kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, woyimitsa amatayira mazira 4-5. Mazirawo ndi aakulu, oyera. Izi ndizosowa mu dongosolo lopitilira. Makulitsidwe amatenga masiku 18-21. Mzimayi yekha ndiye amakhala m'mazira.
Amuna amasangalatsa bwenzi lake ndi nyimbo zoseketsa, koma osayiwala kumudyetsa. Koma amadyetsa anapiye pamodzi. Masiku 20-25 amapatsidwa kudyetsa anapiye.
M'nthawi yotentha, pali ana amodzi, makamaka awiri. Achinyamata odyera, omwe sangathe kuuluka, amakhala pagulu lochezera pafupi ndi makolo awo. Makolo amaphunzitsidwa kuuluka ndikupeza chakudya. Achinyamata akangoyimirira pamapiko, anthu okalamba amawachotsa kutali ndi malo awo.
Kukula kwachichepere kumayamba kuti chisa mchaka choyamba chamoyo. Chinthu chachikulu ndikupeza malo oyenera kukhala pafupi ndi madzi. Ndipo zonse ziyambiranso, zonse zipita mozungulira. Dippers amakhala osakhalitsa, zaka 5-6 zokha. Kutalika kwambiri kwa mbalame zodabwitsa ndi zaka 7.
