Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a wombat
Chongoti mimba anali okhala padziko lathuli zaka zoposa mamiliyoni khumi zapitazo, akuwonetsa kupadera kwa nyamayi.
Zachidziwikire, mitundu yambiri ya wombat yasowa pankhope ya dziko lapansi, komabe lero titha kulumikizana ndikudziwana moyo matumbo a nyama... Masiku ano zinyama zili ndi magawo awiri am'mimba wa wombat, omwe akuphatikiza mitundu itatu yazinthu zachilengedwe:
- Wathu wa tsitsi lalifupi (wombera tsitsi lalifupi)
- Wombat wokhala ndi tsitsi lalitali (Queensland ndi ma wombats okhala ndi tsitsi lalitali)
Pakusintha, panali mitundu yambiri ya ma wombat, komabe, mwatsoka, sakanakhoza kukhala m'chilengedwe pazifukwa zingapo. Mabungwe osachepera asanu amadziwika. M'masiku akale, pandas amawerengedwa kuti ndi abale apamtima kwambiri pamatumba; nyama izi ndizofanana kwambiri.
Komabe, pafupifupi zaka 36 miliyoni zapitazo, njira zosinthika za nyamazi zimasintha njira ndikusunthirana. Yatsani chithunzi cha wombats zina zofanana zitha kuzindikiridwabe.
Wombats ndi herbivores omwe amapezeka ku Australia, ndi odyetsa ziweto ndipo amawoneka ofanana kwambiri ndi zimbalangondo zazing'ono ndi nkhumba nthawi yomweyo. Chinyama chachikulire m'litali chimakhala ndi kukula kwa 70 sentimita mpaka 1.2 mita. Pankhaniyi, kulemera kwake kuli pakati pa makilogalamu 20-40.
Thupi la ma wombat ndilolimba kwambiri komanso lolimba, thupi laling'ono, lokhala ndi mutu wokulirapo komanso miyendo inayi yamphamvu. Wombats amakhalanso ndi mchira wawung'ono, womwe umawonedwa ngati wopanda chitukuko. Kuchokera pamwamba, ma wombat amakhala okutidwa ndi ubweya, nthawi zambiri imvi kapena ash.
Kumbuyo kwa chinyama kumangidwa mwanjira yapadera, pali katemera wambiri, mafupa ndi khungu lolimba, uwu ndi mtundu wachishango. Wina akafuna kukwera mu una wa nyamayo, wombat, monga lamulo, imalowetsa matako ake motero amateteza njira yolowera mkati kuti itseke ndikuphwanya dzenje la womenyerayo pamakoma.
Ndikufuna kusamala kwambiri mutu wa "zimbalangondo" izi zoseketsa, ndi yayikulu kwambiri mokhudzana ndi thupi, pomwe ili pansi pang'ono, m'mbali mwake muli maso a mkanda. Zikakhala zoopsa, ma wombat amatha kudziteteza ngakhale kumenya ndi mitu yawo, amawoneka kuti amamugwira, ngakhale alibe nyanga.
Kapangidwe ka nsagwada ndi mano ndizofanana kwambiri ndi ziwalo zoyambirira zopangira chakudya cha makoswe. Mwa nyama zakutchire, pakati pa ma wombat ali ndi mano ochepa kwambiri: onse m'mizere yakumtunda ndi yotsikirako kuli mano awiri odulira kutsogolo, komanso mano otafuna, koma alibe mano okhota.
Wombat paws Olimba, olimba komanso olimba mokwanira, palinso zikhadabo zomwe zilipo pa chala chilichonse cha zala zisanu. Ziphuphu zimagwira ntchito yayikulu pamoyo wa nyama, chifukwa ndi chithandizo chawo amatha kukumba maenje.
Wombats ndiotchuka chifukwa cha luso lokumba, ndikupanga maufumu apadziko lonse lapansi, chifukwa chake, nthawi zina amapatsidwa ulemu wa ofukula kwambiri aluso komanso akulu akulu. Ngalande zomwe adakumba zitha kukhala zazitali 20 mita ndikutalika 3 mita.
Amamanga nyumba zachifumu zapansi panthaka momwe banja lonse limatha kukhalamo. Ngakhale utali waung'ono wa mawotchiwo, ma wombat amatha kufikira liwiro la 40 km / h. Amathanso kukwera mitengo komanso kusambira.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa wombat
Australia ndi kwawo kwa wombatsKomabe, palinso chilumba cha Tasmania, komwe mungakumanenso ndi anthu achilendowa. Kukumana ndi wombat sizinthu zachilendo, ngakhale mwachilengedwe kuchuluka kwawo sikochepa.
Izi ndichifukwa cha njira yamoyo, chifukwa amakhala mobisa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kwa nyama zapaderazi, chinthu chachikulu ndi nthaka youma, momwe mulibe madzi apansi panthaka, miyala yamiyala ndi mizu yambiri yamitengo ndi zomera.
Wombats amanga midzi yonse mobisa, apa pali nyumba zazikulu ndi misewu yovuta - ngalande zomwe anthu okhala mobisa amasunthira. Wombats amakhala nthawi yayitali m'manda.
Amakonda moyo wausiku, choncho masana amapuma ndi kugona m'nyumba zazikulu komanso zozizilitsa, ndipo kukayamba mdima amapita kukakwera chipinda kukatenthetsa ndi kutentha.
Wombats amakhala m'magulu akulu, motero, amakhala ndi gawo lalikulu kwa moyo wawo wonse. Nthawi zina awa amakhala magawo okwana mahekitala 25. Pofotokozera malire azinthu zawo, nyama zimayika gawo lawo ndi zimbudzi zawo. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti chiberekero cha wombat kukhala ndi mawonekedwe a kyubu.
Umunthu wa Wombat ochezeka, saopa anthu konse. M'malo awo achilengedwe, alibe adani. Komabe, ngati akuyenera kuteteza madera awo, amakhala achiwawa.
Pangozi zikayandikira, amayang'ana mwamphamvu, kuyamba kugwedeza mitu yawo yayikulu modabwitsa ndipo nthawi yomweyo amatulutsa mawu osasangalatsa omwe amafanana ndi moo.
Mtundu wofunitsitsa wa wombat nthawi zambiri umawopseza womutsutsayo. Ngati izi sizingachitike, ndiye kuti kuukira kumatha kuchitika, ma wombat amakonda kuzolowera ndi mitu yawo, monga mbuzi kapena mbuzi ya nkhosa. Zithunzi za wombat m'malo awo achilengedwe, ambiri, ndiabwino komanso amtendere, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti palibe malo owopsa anyamazi pafupi.
Chakudya
Amanena za ma wombat kuti ndiopatsa chidwi chenicheni ndipo amakonda chakudya chodula chokha, chomwe amadzipezera ndi zikhadabo zawo. Wombats amakonda kudya mphukira zazing'ono zamadzi, komanso mizu, moss, zipatso zina ndi bowa. Pofuna kudzisankhira chakudya chabwino, ma wombat amagwiritsa ntchito kamvekedwe ka kapangidwe ka milomo ndi mano awo.
Chifukwa chake, amatha kudula mphukira zazing'ono kwambiri komanso zosakhwima kwambiri pamizu kuti asangalale ndi kukoma kwawo. Nyama zapaderazi zimadya chakudya mpaka masiku 14, chifukwa zimachedwa kugaya.
Wombats ndi nyama zomwe sizifunikira kuyamwa madzi ambiri. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala ofanana kwambiri ndi oyenda m'chipululu - ngamila. Amangofunika 22 ml ya madzi patsiku pa 1 kg yolemera. Chifukwa chake, chinyama chimalekerera ludzu mosavuta, ndipo chimatha kukhala opanda madzi kwakanthawi.
Kubereka komanso kutalika kwa moyo wa wombat
Kubadwa kwa ana a wombat sikudalira nyengo yachaka komanso nyengo. Kubereka m'mimba kumachitika chaka chonse. Komabe, m'madera ouma, asayansi amaonabe kuberekana kwa nyengo.
Wombats - nyama zakutchireKomabe, mwa akazi, matumbawo amakhala mwanjira yapadera, amabwezedwa kuti asasokoneze kukumba nthaka, ndipo dothi ndi nthaka sizilowa.
Mimba ya mkazi imatenga pafupifupi masiku 20, ndiye mwana wamwamuna mmodzi amabadwa. Ngakhale wamkazi ali ndi mawere awiri, ndizosatheka kubereka ndikudyetsa ana awiri.
Miyezi 8 yotsatira atabadwa, mwanayo amakhala ndi mayi ake m'thumba, komwe amakhala mozungulira ndi chisamaliro cha usana ndi usiku. Komabe, ngakhale atachoka pamalo osangalatsawa, pafupifupi chaka chimodzi, asanakule msinkhu, azikhala pafupi ndi amayi ake, omwe apitiliza kusamalira mwana wawo.
Mwachilengedwe, ma wombat amakhala pafupifupi zaka 15, ndipo ali mu ukapolo amatha kukhala zaka 20-25, zimadalira momwe amasamalira ndi zakudya, ndi zina.
