Pali zolengedwa zambiri zodabwitsa, ngakhale zowopsa padziko lapansi. Otsatirawa atha kutchulidwa kuti ndi nyenyezi yamphongo yakuthambo, yomwe, ngati sichitsogoleredwa, ndiye kuti imaphatikizidwa ndi mndandanda wa nyama "zoyipa" kwambiri padziko lathuli. Mole adalandira dzina ili chifukwa cha mphuno yake yachilendo. koma nyenyezi mphuno chosangalatsa osati chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake owonjezera. Muyeneradi kuphunzira zambiri za chinyama choterocho!
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Zvezdnos
Zvezdnosov amatchedwanso mphuno nyenyezi. M'Chilatini, dzina lawo limamveka ngati Condylura cristata. Ndi imodzi mwazinthu zapadera kwambiri pazinyama. Mphuno ya nyenyezi - nthumwi yowala ya banja la mole. M'banjali, adapatsidwa banja lina, lomwe limatchedwa: banja "Moles of the New World". Lingaliro lakuzigawa m'banja lina linapangidwa chifukwa cha kupezeka kwapadera kwa mphuno za nyenyezi zomwe zimawasiyanitsa ndi ma moles ena.
Kanema: Zvezdnos
Mitundu iyi imakonda njira zamadzi, koma kusiyana kwakukulu ndi abale awo apafupi ndi mphuno zawo. Amakhala ndi zikopa makumi awiri mphambu ziwiri zopangidwa ndi nyenyezi. Izi zimapezeka mwachindunji pankhope ya nyama ndipo sizimawoneka zokongola. Kuphatikiza pa mphuno "yoyipa", mole yotere imasiyanitsidwa ndi malaya olimba abulauni, kukula kocheperako - kutalika kwa mphuno ya nyenyezi nthawi zambiri sikupitilira masentimita makumi awiri.
Zosangalatsa: Star-nosed si mole wamba. Sangokonda kuyenda pamwamba padziko lapansi, komanso amakonda kusambira m'madzi. Ndipo zimamuthandiza mu ubweya wolimbawu, womwe umakhala ndi mphamvu yoteteza madzi.
Kukula kofanana ndi nyenyezi pankhope ya chinyama ichi ndichapadera. Asayansi apeza kuti ikhoza kudziwika kuti ndi njira yolumikizira kwambiri padziko lapansi. Pali mathero opitilira zana limodzi pamalungo. Chizindikiro ichi chimaposa kasanu kuposa chizindikiritso cha dzanja lamunthu! Kuphatikiza apo, mphuno yooneka ngati nyenyezi imatha kununkhiza ngakhale pansi pamadzi. Kuti muchite izi, chinyama chimatulutsa thovu m'madzi, kenako nkuchikoka. Malinga ndi asayansi, ndi thovu izi zomwe zimapangitsa mole kuti amve fungo la nyama yomwe ili m'madzi.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kodi mphuno ya nyenyezi imawoneka bwanji
Mphuno za nyenyezi zili ndi mawonekedwe akunja apadera kwambiri:
- thupi lolimba. Thupi la mphuno nyenyezi lili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, ofanana ndi malamulo a mole wamba. Kutalika sikudutsa masentimita makumi awiri. Mutu ndi wolitali, khosi ndi lalifupi kwambiri. Kulemera pafupifupi magalamu makumi asanu ndi awiri;
- maso ang'ono, kusowa kwa matumbo. Monga timadontho tonse timadontho, mphuno ya nyenyeziyo ili ndi maso ang'onoang'ono. Maso ndi ofooka kwambiri. Ziwalo za masomphenya zimalipidwa ndikamakhudza bwino;
- anayamba miyendo yakutsogolo. Awiri kutsogolo kwa zikhomo za nyamazo adapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito yokumba. Ndi iwo mole amakumba maenje. Zala zazitali zokhala ndi zikhadabo zazikulu zili paws. Miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala yofanana ndi yakutsogolo, koma osati yolimba kwambiri;
- mchira wautali. Mchira wa chinyamawu ukhoza kutalika mpaka masentimita eyiti. Amakutidwa ndi tsitsi lankhanza. M'nyengo yozizira, mchira umasungira mafuta, kotero kukula kwake kumakula pang'ono;
- wandiweyani, othamangitsa madzi, odula silky. Mtundu wake ndi wakuda - kuchokera bulauni mpaka wakuda;
- mphuno zachilendo. Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri momwe mungasiyanitsire mole yamphuno ya nyenyezi kuchokera ku mole wamba. Manyazi amakhala ndi zikopa makumi awiri mphambu ziwiri. Kukula koteroko sikupitilira mamilimita anayi m'litali. Zili ndi mathero ambiri omwe amathandiza nyama kuzindikira nyama yomwe idadyedwa.
Chosangalatsa: Moyo wokhala mobisa kwambiri umasowetsa chidwi. Maso a nyama zotere sizikukula. Komabe, nyenyezi ndizopambana kuposa abale awo apamtima. Ali ndi mphuno yowoneka bwino yomwe imawalola kuti adziwe zambiri kuchokera kunja.
Kodi nyenyezi-mphuno imakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Star-nosed ku North America
Anthu omwe ali ndi mphete zanyengo amafuna zina ndi malo okhala. Mosiyana ndi timadontho tina tating'onoting'ono, nyama izi sizikhala moyo wapabanja wokha. Nthawi zambiri amatha kuwonekera pansi ngakhale m'madzi. Pachifukwa ichi, nyama zimakonda kukhala pafupi ndi dziwe. Amaikanso nyumba zawo pamenepo. Nyumbazi ndizovuta kwambiri zadutsa ndimakamera angapo, zolowera ndikutuluka. Chimodzi mwa zotuluka nthawi zambiri chimalowera kumadzi.
Komanso nyengo ndiyofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo. Anthu okhala ndi mphete za nyenyezi amasankha malo okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri. M'dera lawo lachilengedwe, amakhala m'madambo achinyontho, madambo ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja. M'nkhalango kapena steppe wouma, chinyama chotere sichingapezeke. Malo omwe ali ndi mphepo ya nyenyezi amapewa madera otere.
Wopanda nyenyezi - mole yaku America. Ikufalikira kokha m'dera la New World. Malo ake amaphatikizira gombe lonse lakum'mawa kwa United States, Canada. Malo okhala nyama amakhalanso kumadzulo - Nyanja Yaikulu. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti mphuno za nyenyezi kumwera ndi kumpoto ndizosiyana. Nyama zakumwera ndizochepa, zakumpoto ndizazikulu. Pachifukwa ichi, asayansi apeza magawo awiri: kumpoto, kumwera.
Tsopano mukudziwa kumene mphuno ya nyenyezi imapezeka. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe nyama yachilendo imadya.
Kodi mphuno ya nyenyezi imadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Mole-nosed star
Timadontho tamphuno tokhala ndi nyenyezi timadontho tambiri tomwe timagwira, zomwe ndizosiyananso ndi abale ena. Amakhala pafupifupi tsiku lonse akufunafuna chakudya, zomwe zimawakakamiza kudya kwawo. Nyama zimasaka chakudya paliponse: m'madzi, padziko lapansi ndi pansi pake. Nthawi zonse amakumba ngalande pofunafuna chakudya. Tsiku limodzi, mphuno ya nyenyezi imapanga maulendo pafupifupi asanu ndi limodzi osaka. Nthawi yotsala, chinyama chili kalikiliki kugaya chakudya ndikupuma.
Chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha starfish chimaphatikizapo:
- nsomba zazing'ono, crustaceans, molluscs;
- ziphuphu;
- tizilombo tina, mphutsi zawo;
- mbewa zazing'ono, achule.
Njala ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chomwe chimadyedwa sichidalira kokha kukula kwa nyama, malo ake, komanso nyengo. Chifukwa chake, kususuka kumadziwika kwambiri nthawi yachilimwe. Pakadali pano, mole amatha kudya chakudya chochuluka patsiku momwe amadzipimira. Nthawi zina pachaka, kukula kwa chakudya sikudutsa magalamu makumi atatu ndi asanu.
Pakusaka, nyama zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zowonera kuti zitenge nyama. Misozi yamphongo ya nyenyezi imasaka mosiyana. Mphuno yawo yowoneka ngati nyenyezi imawathandiza kupeza chakudya. Ndikutulutsa kwa mphuno kwake, amampeza wovulalayo, ndikumugwira mwamphamvu ndi zikoko zakumaso. Kugwira kuli kolimba kwambiri. Ndiyamika kwa iye, mphuno ya nyenyeziyo idadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazilombo zaluso kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Mole-nosed mole
Ntchentche zokhala ndi nyenyezi zimathera nthawi yawo yambiri mobisa. Iwo, monga abale ena, amakumba ngalande. Nyamazi zimadziwa kupanga makina ovuta ndi makamera ambiri. Ndi milu yaying'ono yokha yadothi yomwe imatha kuwonetsa kupezeka kwawo mderali kapena m'derali. M'mitsinje yovuta, nyama zimadzipangira makamera ang'onoang'ono. Mmodzi mwa iwo, amakonzekeretsa dzenje lawo. Kumeneko, nyama zamphongo zamanyazi zimabisala kwa adani, ndipo zimachita nawo ntchito yolera ana.
Nyama zimaphimba dzenje lawo ndi nthambi, udzu, zomera zowuma. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimatuluka mumtsinjewo zimapita kukasupe wamadzi, komwe nyenyezi zammphuno nyenyezi zimakonda kuthera nthawi yawo. Izi moles zimayendera posungira kangapo patsiku. Amasambira bwino, amasambira bwino. M'nyengo yozizira, nyenyezi-yamphongo imatha kuwoneka ngakhale pansi pa ayezi. Nyama izi sizibisalira. M'nyengo yozizira, amasaka chakudya chawo pansi pa chipale chofewa ndipo amasaka mwakhama anthu okhala m'madzi.
Chosangalatsa: Mphuno za Star zimathandizira mawonekedwe awo kuti azikhala achangu m'madzi. Ali ndi miyendo yolimba, yofanana ndi khasu ndi mchira wautali. Ndi zikhasu zawo, amakhudza madziwo msanga, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito mchira ngati chiwongolero.
Zoyala za nyenyezi ndizabwino, nyama zosangalatsa. Nthawi zambiri amapanga zigawo zazing'ono momwe amakhala mwamtendere komanso modekha. Komabe, madera nthawi zambiri amasweka. Kunja kwa nyengo yokhwima, amuna ndi akazi saletsa kulumikizana kwawo, zomwe ndizodabwitsa. Izi nthawi zambiri sizimakhala ngati mamembala am'banja la mole.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Cub-nosed Cubs
Zvezdnos titha kutchedwa cholengedwa chimodzi. Nyamazi zimapezeka kuti zimakwatirana kumudzi, zimakwatirana, zimakhala ndi ana ndikupitiliza kulankhulana. Ngakhale kunja kwa nyengo yokhwima, akazi ndi amuna samathetsa banja lawo "ubale". Komabe, wamkulu aliyense ali ndi "ufulu" wake. Munthu aliyense wokhala ndi mphete nyenyezi amakhala ndi maenje osiyana, zipinda zopumulira ndi moyo.
Nthawi yokwanira ya ma moleswa imachitika kamodzi pachaka. Imagwa mchaka, koma madeti enieniwo amasiyana m'magawo osiyanasiyana azachilengedwe. Kotero, kumpoto, nyengo ya kuswana imayamba kuyambira Meyi, ndi kumwera - kuyambira Marichi. Nyengo yokwatira imatenga miyezi yowerengeka yokha. Mayi wamkazi amakhala ndi pakati mpaka masiku makumi anayi ndi asanu. Mkazi amakhala ndi ana anayi nthawi imodzi. Komabe, nthawi zina anawo amatha kufikira ana asanu ndi awiri ali ndi pakati.
Ana a snout nyenyezi amabadwa opanda chitetezo, maliseche. Poyamba, mphuno yachilendo ngati nyenyezi pamphuno ya timadontho timakhala osawoneka. Mbali yapadera ya ana okhala ndi mphuno nyenyezi ndi kukula kwawo mwachangu. Nyenyeswa zimatha kukhala ndi moyo wodziyimira patokha patatha masiku makumi atatu kuchokera pakubadwa. Patatha masiku 30, nyama zimasinthasintha chilengedwe, zimadya zakudya za anthu akuluakulu, ndipo zimayang'ana malo oyandikana nawo.
Adani achilengedwe a mphuno za nyenyezi
Chithunzi: Kodi mphuno ya nyenyezi imawoneka bwanji
Mphuno za nyenyezi sizitha kudziteteza kuzilombo zambiri. Izi makamaka chifukwa cha moyo wawo wokangalika. Mitunduyi, mosiyana ndi oimira ena a mole, imagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yake osati mobisa. Zipolopolo zanyenyezi zimayenda kwambiri padziko lapansi, zimasambira ndikusambira m'madzi. Pamtunda ndi m'madzi, nyama zazing'onozi zili pachiwopsezo. Kuphatikiza apo, masomphenya otsika "amasewera" motsutsana ndi timadontho. Nyama sizikuwona nyama zolusa zikubwera.
Adani achilengedwe owopsa kwambiri a starfish ndi awa:
- mbalame zodya nyama. Zipolopolo zanyenyezi ndizokoma zomwe amakonda kwambiri akadzidzi, ziwombankhanga, akabawi, akadzidzi a ziwombankhanga, nkhandwe;
- martens, zikopa;
- zikhomo zazikulu zokamwa, achule akulu.
Nyama zogwidwa zimadya ndikudya timadontho tating'onoting'ono tikamayenda m'mitengo, poyenda pamadzi, kapena posambira m'madzi. M'nyengo yozizira ya nthawi, olusa adazolowera kupeza nyenyezi kuchokera kuzipinda zapansi panthaka. Muthanso kutcha mdani wachilengedwe wamunthu wokhala ndi nyenyezi. Nthawi zambiri anthu amapha nyamayi, koma amavulaza mwanjira ina. Malo okhala anthu awononga kwambiri malo okhala nyama izi. Koma, mwamwayi, izi sizinakhudze kuchuluka kwathunthu kwa nyenyezi zomwe zimauluka.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Zvezdnos
Ziphuphu za nyenyezi zimakhala ndi malo achilengedwe ochepa. Komabe, ziwerengero zawo ndizokhazikika. Nyama izi zidapatsidwa mwayi wokhala Osadandaula. Mitunduyi ndi yambiri. Komabe, asayansi awona kuchepa pang'ono kwa nyenyezi. Izi ndichifukwa chazinthu zambiri.
Choyamba, nyamazi zimakhala zopanda chitetezo ku adani. Amadyedwa ndi akadzidzi, akadzidzi a ziwombankhanga, nkhandwe, martens ndi nyama zina mosangalala kwambiri. Kachiwiri, momwe zimakhudzira anthu zimakhudzanso anthu amtunduwu. Kulima kwa nthaka, chitukuko ndi chitukuko cha madera kwadzetsa kuchepa kwa chilengedwe.
Zosangalatsa: Zvezdorily ndi timadontho tambiri tambiri. Amakopa chidwi ndi mawonekedwe awo achilendo, okonda zosowa. Komabe, mphuno za nyenyezi ndizosangalatsa osati izi zokha. Ndizofunika kwambiri pa sayansi. Ndi chithandizo chawo, zanzeru zantchito ya manambala zimaphunziridwa.
Mole wolira ndi nyama yotetezeka. Sangathe kugawidwa ngati tizilombo. Silivulaza ulimi kapena madera ena m'moyo wa anthu. Nthawi ya moyo ya timadontho timeneti ndi yochepa. Kumtchire, ntchentche za nyenyezi sizikhala zaka zoposa zinayi. Kungokhala mu ukapolo komwe chiyembekezo cha moyo chikuwonjezeka mpaka zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri.
Mphuno ya nyenyezi - cholengedwa chapadera komanso chowopsa nthawi yomweyo. Mphuno yawo yachilendo yofanana ndi nyenyezi imawoneka yosakongola, koma mawonekedwe ake ndi owoneka bwino. Timadontho tamphuno tomwe timatulutsa nyenyezi tikucheperachepera pang'onopang'ono, koma kuchuluka kwa nyama sikukuwopsezedwabe pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 11/18/2019
Idasinthidwa: 09/05/2019 pa 21:08
