Ma chameleon ndi ena mwazodabwitsa kwambiri komanso zodabwitsa kuposa nyama. Kamenyedwe ka Yemeni ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yayikulu kwambiri komanso yowala kwambiri. Ndi nthumwi za mitundu iyi ya zokwawa zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsidwa ndi okonda nyama zakunja, chifukwa amadziwika ndi kupsinjika kwakanthawi komanso kusinthasintha kwabwino m'ndende. Komabe, nyama zodabwitsazi zimafuna kukhazikitsidwa kwa malo ena okhala, kotero musanayambe nyama yosazolowereka imeneyi, ndiyofunika kuti muphunzire zomwe zilipo.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Chameleon Yemeni
Ma chameleon a ku Yemeni ndi nthumwi za zokwawa zomwe zimakhala zokhazokha, zomwe zimakhala ndi mikwingwirima, abuluzi, amapatsidwa banja la chameleon, mtundu wawo ndi mitundu ina ya ma chameleon.
Ma chameleon ndi ena mwa zokwawa zakale kwambiri padziko lapansi. Akatswiri ofufuza za zinyama afotokoza zomwe apeza, zomwe, mwina, ali nazo kale pafupifupi zaka zana miliyoni. Zotsalira zakale kwambiri zamankhwala amtundu wa Yemeni zapezeka ku Europe. Amanena kuti zokwawa izi zidalipo padziko lapansi zaka zoposa 25 miliyoni zapitazo.
Kanema: Yemele Chameleon
Kuphatikiza apo, zotsalira za zokwawa zapezeka ku Asia ndi Africa. Amanena kuti nthawi zakale malo okhala oimira nyama anali ochulukirapo, ndipo nyama zidagawidwa m'makontinenti osiyanasiyana. Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale amati ku Madagascar kwamakono kunali mitundu yambiri ya zinkhanira.
M'mbuyomu, nzika zam'mbuyomu ku Yemen zinkangoganiza kuti m'dera lawo mumakhala ma chameleon, omwe pambuyo pake amasankhidwa kukhala mitundu ina.
Buluziyu adadziwika ndi dzina chifukwa chakukhala kwake - kumwera kwa Arabia Arabia Peninsula. Awa ndi mabungwe oyamba omwe adakwaniritsidwa ku Russia kunyumba ku terrariums. Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 80, subspecies iyi yakhala yotchuka kwambiri komanso yofunidwa pakati pa oweta nyama zosowa.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Yemeni chameleon wamkazi
Izi zamtundu wa chameleons zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zazikulu komanso zokongola modabwitsa. Kutalika kwa thupi kwa akulu kumafika masentimita 45-55. Zokwawa izi zimawonetsa mawonekedwe azakugonana. Akazi ali pafupifupi theka laling'ono kukula.
Mbali yapadera ya kamenyeni ka Yemeni ndi kachilombo kakang'ono kwambiri, kamene kamatchedwa chophimba, kapena onyamula chisoti. Kuchokera patali, malowa amafanana kwambiri ndi chisoti chophimba mutu wa buluzi. Imafika kutalika kwa masentimita khumi.
Achinyamata amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira. Zokwawa zimakonda kusintha mtundu. Akuluakulu amasintha mtundu ngati akumva kupsinjika, akazi atakhala ndi pakati, kapena amuna akamakwatirana akazi atayandikira. Green imatha kusintha kukhala bulauni, buluu, yoyera, yakuda. Akamakula, mtundu wa abuluzi umasintha. Mikwingwirima yachikaso chowala kapena lalanje imawonekera pa thupi la nyama.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti. Akatswiri a Zoologists amati mtundu umatengera mtundu wa anthu. Buluzi amene wakula yekha amakhala ndi utoto wowoneka bwino kuposa anthu omwe akulira limodzi.
Miyendo ya nyama ndi yopyapyala komanso yayitali, yosinthidwa bwino kukwera mitengo ndikugwira nthambi. Mchira wake ndi wautali, wolimba pansi, wowonda kumapeto kwake. Ma chameleon nthawi zambiri amapinda mu mpira akakhala osayima panthambi za mitengo. Mchira ndi wofunikira kwambiri, umathandizira, umagwira nawo ntchito poyang'anira ndi kusamalira bwino.
Ma chameleon ali ndi mawonekedwe amaso odabwitsa. Amatha kusinthasintha madigiri a 360, ndikupereka mawonekedwe owonekera mozungulira. Masomphenya adapangidwa m'njira yoti mothandizidwa ndi maso, mutha kudziwa kutalika kwa mtunda wa wovulalayo.
Ma chameleon a Yemeni ali ndi lilime lalitali komanso lowonda. Kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 20-23. Lilime lili ndi malo omata omwe amalola kuti lizigwira ndikugwira nyama. Pamtundu wa lilime pali chikho chokoka chomwe chimakopa tizilombo ndikuwateteza kuti asathawe.
Kodi chameleon wa Yemeni amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Wamkulu Yemeni Chameleon
Nthumwi iyi ya zokwawa zoyipa zimakhala m'malo achilengedwe makamaka ku Yemen Peninsula, chilumba cha Madagascar, ku Saudi Arabia. Abuluzi amakonda nkhalango zowirira, tchire laling'ono komanso nkhalango zamitengo yamitundumitundu. Komabe, akatswiri a zooge amanena kuti chameleon ya ku Yemeni imamvanso bwino kumadera ouma, kumapiri.
Ikhoza kupezeka mosavuta pomwe zomera ndizochepa kwambiri, kapena, m'malo otentha kapena otentha. Gawo ili lapadziko lonse lapansi limakhala ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana. Anthu ambiri amapezeka kumapiri omwe ali pakati pa Yemen ndi Saudi Arabia. Gawo ili la kontrakitala ndilopanda anthu ndipo mulibe zomera zosiyanasiyana, komabe, ma chameleon amasankha madera am'mbali mwa nyanja momwe amakhala omasuka momwe angathere.
Pambuyo pake, nyama zoyamwitsa zinayambitsidwa ku Florida ndi zilumba za Hawaiian, komwe zidazika mizu ndipo zidazolowera msanga.
Buluzi amakonda kukhala nthawi yayitali panthambi za mitengo ndi tchire. Komabe, ndi mitundu ikuluikulu, amasankha mitundu yomwe amakonda kwambiri kuchokera ku mitundu yomwe ilipo. Izi zikuphatikiza mitengo ya mthethe, yokoma ndi nkhadze ndi zitsamba za banja la Euphorbia. Buluzi nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu, amasankha minda ndi nkhalango zowirira.
Kodi chameleon wa ku Yemeni amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Yemeni chameleon wamwamuna
Maziko a zakudya zokwawa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kapena nyama zina. Kuti agwire nyama yawo, ayenera kusaka. Pachifukwa ichi, zokwawa zimakwera nthambi yokhayokha yazitsamba kapena mitengo, ndipo zimaundana nthawi yayitali, kudikirira nthawi yoyenera. Pakadikirira, thupi la buluzi silitha konse, ndimaziso okha omwe amazungulira.
Pakadali pano, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuwona bilimankhwe m'masamba, zosatheka. Nyamayo ikafika pafupi kwambiri, imatulutsa lilime lake ndi chikho chomukoka kumapeto kwake ndikumugwira. Akakumana ndi nyama zambiri, amazigwira pakamwa pawo.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti. Chameleon ya ku Yemeni ndiye nthumwi yokhayo yamtunduwu, yomwe, itatha msinkhu, imasinthiratu kuti idye zomera.
Zomwe zimaphatikizidwa pazakudya zam'mimba za Yemeni:
- Agulugufe;
- Ziwala;
- Akangaude;
- Abuluzi ang'onoang'ono;
- Centipedes;
- Njoka;
- Kafadala;
- Makoswe ang'onoang'ono;
- Zakudya zamasamba.
Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, amphamba a ku Yemeni omwe amadyetsa nyama. Amadya zipatso zakupsa, komanso masamba owutsa mudyo komanso mphukira zazing'ono zamasamba osiyanasiyana. Akasungidwa m'malo opangira, zokwawa zimadya mosangalala mapeyala, maapulo, zukini, tsabola, masamba a clover, dandelion, ndi zomera zina.
Kuti akwaniritse zosowa za thupi zamadzimadzi, zokwawa zimanyambita madontho a mame am'mawa ochokera ku zomera. Ndiye chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kusunga cholengedwa chokwawa m'malo opangira, ndikofunikira kuthirira terrarium ndi malo onse ndi madzi kuti apatse abuluzi gwero lamadzi. Chofunikira ndikutsimikizira kupezeka kwa calcium ndi mavitamini ofunikira kuti magwiridwe antchito onse a Yemeni.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Chameleon Yemeni
Zinyama zimakonda kuthera nthawi yawo yambiri pazitsamba kapena mitengo. Amatsikira padziko lapansi ngati akufuna kusintha malo awo kapena ayenera kubisala pansi pa miyala kapena malo ena otentha kwambiri. Amapita kukasaka kuti apeze chakudya masana. Pazifukwa izi, nthambi zakuda, zazitali zimasankhidwa. Kusankha malo ndi malo osakira, amayesetsa momwe angathere kuti ayandikire tsinde kapena thunthu patali osachepera mita zitatu. Mumdima komanso nthawi yopuma masana, amakwera nthambi zazitali za mitengo ndi zitsamba.
Amuna amakonda kuchitira nkhanza anthu ena omwe amapezeka mdera lawo. Chibadwa chachilengedwe chimawalimbikitsa kuteteza ndi kuteteza gawo lawo. Omwe ali ndi ma chameleon akufuna kuopseza mdani wawo, akumukakamiza kuti achoke mwakufuna kwawo. Otsutsa amatupa, kutsamwa moopsa, kugwa pansi molimba, mosasunthika, kutsegula pakamwa pawo, kugwedeza mitu yawo, pindani ndikutambasula michira yawo.
Potsutsana, zokwawa zimayendetsa thupi lawo pang'onopang'ono ndikusintha mtundu. Ngati zoyesayesa izi kuti ziwopsyeze adani sizinapambane, ndiye kuti muyenera kumenya nawo nkhondo. Pokonzekera nkhondo, zokwawa zimapweteka kwambiri ndi kudula bwenzi. Nthawi zambiri, kugundana koteroko kumatha kupha.
Izi zimachitika pamene mdani wofooka alibe njira yobwerera. Kuyambira ali ndi miyezi inayi, amuna amatha kuwonetsana. Amuna ndi akazi amasiyanitsidwa ndi kudzichepetsa ndipo sawonetsa nkhanza kwa anzawo.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Chameleon ya Animal Yemeni
Nthawi yakutha msinkhu ku chameleons aku Yemeni imayamba akafika chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri. Nthawi yaukwati imadalira nyengo ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwera kuyambira Epulo mpaka Seputembara. Pofika nyengo ya kukwatira, champhongo chilichonse chimayesa kukopa chidwi cha mkazi yemwe amamukonda. Kuti achite izi, akugwedeza mutu wake, pang'onopang'ono akugwedeza thupi lonse, ndikupinda ndikufutukula mchira wake. Munthawi imeneyi, amuna amakonda kusintha mtundu kukhala wowala komanso wolemera.
Mkazi, yemwe ali wokonzeka kukwatirana, wokutidwa ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali kumbuyo kwake. Amamuyitana wamwamuna yemwe amakonda ndi pakamwa pake. Aliyense amene samukonda, amamuchotsa mwamphamvu.
Amakwatirana kwa mphindi 15-30 kangapo patsiku kwa masiku 3-5. Kenako banja limatha, ndipo chachimuna chimapita kukafunafuna amuna ena oti akwatirane. Nthawi zina, nthawi yaukwati imakhala mpaka masiku 10-15.
Mimba ya akazi imatenga masiku 30 mpaka 45. Pakadali pano, akazi amakhala ndi mawanga achikasu kapena achikaso pamdima wobiriwira kapena wakuda. Kumapeto kwa nthawi ya bere, yaikazi imapanga bowa lalitali, loboola pakati ndipo limayikira mazira khumi ndi awiri ndikutseka mosamala khomo loboola. Nthawi yosakaniza imatha masiku 150-200.
Kugonana kwa abuluzi omwe aswa kumatengera kutentha kozungulira. Ngati kutentha kuli pafupifupi madigiri 28, ndiye kuti makamaka azimayi amatuluka m'mazira, ndipo ngati kutentha kumafikira madigiri 30, ndiye kuti amuna ambiri amawoneka. Ana onse amabadwa nthawi yomweyo. Kutalika kwa thupi lawo ndi masentimita 5-7. Zaka zapakati pazamoyo zachilengedwe ndi zaka 4-7.
Adani achilengedwe amtundu wa Yemeni
Chithunzi: Yemeni chameleon wamkulu
Mukamakhala mwachilengedwe, ma chameleon a ku Yemeni amakhala ndi adani ambiri. Amasandulika zilombo zazikulu, zamphamvu komanso zochenjera.
Adani a abuluzi:
- Njoka;
- Nyama zazikulu zodya nyama;
- Zokwawa zazikulu, abuluzi;
- Zolusa nthenga - akhwangwala, ntchentche.
Chochititsa chidwi cha bilimankhwe ndichoti m'malo mobisala ndikuthawa, mwachilengedwe adapatsidwa kuthekera koopseza mdani yemwe angakhale mdani wake. Ndiye chifukwa chake mdani wakupha akamayandikira, buluzi amatupa, amalira, komanso amadzipereka kwambiri.
Akatswiri a zoologist amatcha adani a nyongolotsi za ku Yemen. Izi zikayamba kulowa m'thupi la buluzi, zimachulukana mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi lifooke. Nthawi zina, kuchuluka kwa tiziromboti kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri mwakuti amadya buluzi wamoyo.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti abuluzi amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusowa kwa madzi, mavitamini, komanso kuchepa kwa calcium. Akataya madzi, maso a ma chameleon a ku Yemeni amatsekedwa nthawi zonse masana.
Munthu adathandizira pakuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zokwawa. Izi ndichifukwa chakukula kwa madera ambiri, kuwononga ndi kuwononga malo awo okhala. Kudula mitengo ndikukula kwa malo olimako kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa mitundu ya zomera ndi zinyama.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Yemeni chameleon wamkazi
Ngakhale kuti ma chameleon, monga wina aliyense, amadziwa momwe angadzibisire ndi kubisala, sangatsimikizidwe kuti adzatetezedwa kuti asatheretu. Pakadali pano, osati mitundu yokhayokha yokhala ndi chisoti yomwe ili pachiwopsezo, komanso mitundu ina ya subspecies. Zimakhala zovuta kuti iwo apulumuke mwachilengedwe. Matenda ambiri, kuwonongeka kwa mazira ndi achinyamata, zochita za anthu, zolusa - zonsezi ndi zifukwa zakuchepa kwa anthu.
Ma chameleon aku Yemeni amalima bwino kunyumba ku terrarium, bola ngati atapanga zinthu zabwino komanso chakudya chofunikira. Ndi subspecies iyi ya abuluzi yomwe imafunikira kwambiri pakati pa oweta nyama zosowa.
Akatswiri a sayansi ya zinyama akuti ambiri mwa anthu omwe alipo masiku ano amasungidwa m'malo osungira nyama, m'malo osungira nyama, osati m'malo achilengedwe. Ochita kafukufuku akunena motsimikiza kuti mitundu iyi sinatheretu chifukwa chokhoza kuzolowera msanga ndende, kulekerera kuzolowera bwino ndikudya zakudya zamasamba. Izi zimawathandiza kuti aziweta pafupifupi kulikonse.
Chitetezo cha Yemeni chameleon
Chithunzi: Yemeni Chameleon Red Book
Pazolinga zodzitchinjiriza, a Yemeni, kapena ma chameleon onyamula chisoti adatchulidwa mu International Red Book ngati mtundu womwe watsala pang'ono kutha. Izi sizinthu zokhazokha zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chotha. Mitundu yonse ya ma chameleon yalembedwa mu Red Book, ndipo pafupifupi khumi ndi awiri mwa iwonso atha kutenga chiwonongeko kwathunthu posachedwa.
Pofuna kupewa izi, abuluzi amalimidwa bwino m'malo otetezera nyama. M'madera omwe amakhala mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, kutchera osaloledwa ndi kugulitsa zokwawa izi ndizoletsedwa mwalamulo. Pakubereka ndi kukonza m'malo opangira zinthu zonse zofunika kuzinyama zimapangidwa - kuchuluka kwa kuyatsa, kutentha, komanso kupewa kuperewera kwama vitamini, rickets, ndi tiziromboti.
Akatswiri a zoology akuyesetsa kwambiri kuti apange zinthu zabwino kwambiri, kupewa ndi kuchiza matenda amtundu wa reptile. Komabe, ngati simuganizira za buluzi wophimbidwa, yemwe amasungidwa m'malo opangika, kuchuluka kwa abuluzi omwe amakhala mwachilengedwe sikungakhale kwenikweni.
Ma chameleon amadziwika ngati chimodzi mwazinthu zowala kwambiri, zozizwitsa komanso zachilendo padziko lapansi. Ndi okhawo omwe ali ndi kuthekera kopambana kosintha utoto kutengera momwe alili anthu, kapena malingaliro awo. Komabe, zokwawa zodabwitsa izi zitha kuzimiririka posachedwa pankhope ya dziko lapansi chifukwa chokhudzidwa ndi anthu komanso zinthu zina.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 06.04.2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 19.09.2019 pa 13:43
