M'midzi komanso ngakhale mumzinda, anthu nthawi zambiri amayang'ana mbalame zazing'ono. Kumeza Nthaŵi zonse zimauluka pamwamba pa nyumba, kapinga, mabwalo amaseŵera. Ndizosavuta kuzindikira mbalame zotere. Ali ndi mchira wokhala ndi mphanda komanso mapiko ataliatali kwambiri. Moyo wa mbalame zamapiko otere umagwirizana kwambiri ndi anthu.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Kameza ndi kambalame kakang'ono kam'banja lomwelo. Ndi za dongosolo la odutsa. Poyamba, mbalame zoterezi zimakhala m'mapiri, koma pakapita nthawi zimazolowera kukhala ndi anthu. Swallows amakhala m'midzi ndipo amatha kusintha mosavuta kutawuni yovuta. Malinga ndi malo awo okhala, adagawika mitundu ingapo.
Odziwika kwambiri ndi awiri okha:
- Mzinda;
- Rustic.
Mtundu woyamba umapezeka kwambiri m'maiko okhala ndi nyengo zotentha. Mbalame za mabere oyera zimamanga zisa zawo, zimapeza chakudya mosavuta komanso zimaswana pakati pa nyumba zosanjikizana. Anangumi akumidzi amakhala pafupi ndi anthu. Kaŵirikaŵiri amamanga zisa zawo m'zipinda za nyumba zogona, m'misasa, ndi mkhola la ng'ombe. Komanso, samachita manyazi konse chifukwa choyandikira kwambiri anthu. Mzinda ndi nkhokwe akumeza amasiyana wina ndi mzake osati malo awo okha, komanso mawonekedwe. Ma Rustic ali ndi phulusa pansi, m'matawuni - nthenga zoyera pansipa ndi mchira woyera wakumtunda.
Kanema: Kumeza
Tikakambirana za momwe mbalameyi imafotokozera, sitingalephere kuzindikira kuti imatha kuuluka msanga. Swallows imayenda mwachangu kwambiri mumlengalenga. Thupi lapadera lachilengedwe limawathandiza kuchita izi. Ali ndi mchira wautali, thupi locheperako, mapiko opapatiza komanso olimba. Zimakhalanso zosavuta kuzindikira mbalameyi chifukwa cha nthenga zake. Ali ndi thupi labuluu lakuda lomwe limawala mosangalala padzuwa.
Chosangalatsa: Mamembala am'mimba amathera moyo wawo wonse mlengalenga. Simawoneka kawirikawiri pansi. Mlengalenga, mbalamezi zimaphunzira osati kungopeza chakudya chawo chokha, komanso kugona, kukwerana kuti zibereke.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kumeza mbalame
Zimakhala zovuta kusokoneza namzeze ndi mbalame ina iliyonse. Ndi wocheperako, amasuntha mwachangu mumlengalenga, ali ndi malamulo oyamwitsa onse. Thupi la mbalamezi ndilopingika pang'ono, losalala. Mchira udagawika magawo awiri opapatiza ndi odulidwa, mapikowo ndi atali, opapatiza. Mutu wa nyamayo umakhala wolambalala pang'ono, ndipo mlomo ndi wamfupi kwambiri.
Akameza ndi ang'ono kwambiri, osakulirapo kuposa mpheta wamba. Kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri. Mapiko ake ndi kuyambira masentimita makumi awiri mpaka makumi atatu ndi atatu. Kulemera kwake kulinso kocheperako - magalamu khumi ndi asanu ndi atatu okha. Mtundu wa nthenga zamitundumitundu yamtunduwu ukhoza kusiyana pang'ono. Kuchokera pamwamba, mbalamezi ndizofanana - buluu-wakuda ndi chitsulo chachitsulo. Pansi pake ndiwosiyana. Pansipa pamzindawu pali zoyera zoyera, mbalame zakumtunda ndi beige.
Chosangalatsa: Kuuluka kwa namzeze ndiwothamanga, mwachangu. Maonekedwe a rustic ali ndiulendo wothamanga. Pafupifupi, mbalame zotere zimapanga mapiko pafupifupi asanu pasekondi iliyonse.
M'nkhwangwa zakupha m'mudzimo, timadontho tating'onoting'ono titha kupezeka pakhosi ndi pamphumi. Miyendo ya akunda onse yakuphimbidwa ndi pansi. Palibe kusiyana kwamawonekedwe azimayi ndi abambo. Achinyamata ndi achikulire okha ndi omwe amasiyana wina ndi mnzake. Choyamba, mtundu wa nthenga umakhala wosalala - wakuda-wakuda.
Mbalame zazikulu ndi zachinyamata zimasungunuka kamodzi pachaka. M'matumizi, nthawi yosungunuka imachedwa. Imayamba kuyambira Ogasiti mpaka Marichi. Nthenga zimasintha pang'onopang'ono: choyamba chaching'ono, kenako chachikulu. Swallows ndi mbalame zazing'ono komanso zosangalatsa kwambiri. Koma mawu awo ndi osamveka, ofooka.
Kodi namzeze amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Kumeza nyama
Tameza wamapiko akumeza amakhala m'malo awa:
- Kumpoto kwa Europe. Kupatula ku Scandinavia, Kola Peninsula;
- Kumpoto, South America. Kumpoto, mbalamezi zimakhala ndikuswana, Kummwera, zimakhala nthawi yachisanu;
- Africa. Amakhazikika makamaka kumpoto kwa kontrakitala;
- Middle East, China, Japan.
Swallows ndiosavuta kuidziwa m'magawo osiyanasiyana, amatha kuzolowera chilichonse. Kutentha kotsika kwambiri ndizosiyana. Zinthu zazikuluzikulu zomwe mbalamezi zimapereka kumalo awo ndi chakudya, madzi ndi malo abwino omangira chisa. Swallows amakhala m'mizinda komanso m'mizinda yamakono, komanso kuthengo - m'mapanga amiyala.
Amamanga zisa zawo munyumba zaulimi: nkhokwe, zomangamanga, pansi pa thanthwe, nyumba, milatho. Nthawi zina chisa chimapezeka ngakhale m'sitima zoyenda pang'onopang'ono. Kumtchire, nyama zotere zimakhazikika m'mapanga ndi m'mapanga. Kutalika kwa zisa sikupitirira mamita zikwi zitatu pamwamba pa nyanja. Ndizosowa kwambiri kuti mbalame zam'madzi zimakhala zisa za mbalame zina.
Chosangalatsa: Kameza kakang'ono amakhala pafupifupi moyo wawo wonse akuuluka. Kawiri pachaka, amapita pandege zazitali, kuchoka m'malo awo okhazikika kupita kumadera ofunda m'nyengo yozizira. Nyamazi zimabisala kumadera akumwera. Amatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali. M'mbuyomu, ngakhale asayansi amavutika kuti akhulupirire, ndipo mpaka nthawi inayake amakhulupirira kuti mbalame zotchedwa swallows zimabisala nthawi yozizira.
Kodi namzeze amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Barn Swallow
Kuti apange ndege zotalika, zouluka ndi kuberekana mwachangu, mbalamezi zimafunikira mapuloteni ambiri. Kameza kakang'ono amadya kwambiri, ndipo amatha kudyetsa anapiye ake pafupifupi katatu patsiku!
Zakudya zazikulu za mbalamezi zimakhala ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana:
- nsikidzi zing'onozing'ono ndi ntchentche;
- udzudzu, midge, ntchentche;
- mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya agulugufe;
- ziwala ndi akangaude.
Mbalame zimayesetsa kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mwachitsanzo, samakhudza mavu ndi njuchi. Swallows atha kuvulala kwambiri chifukwa cha mbola ndi poyizoni wa tizilombo timeneti. Mbalame zimameza tizilombo tina tonse. Ngakhale chivundikiro cholimba cha kafadala ena sichimawasokoneza. Chivundikiro choterocho chimakumbidwa mosavuta ndi dongosolo labwino logaya chakudya la namzeze.
Chodziwika bwino cha njira zodyetsera ngamzeze ndi njira yawo yopezera chakudya. Mbalamezi sizimagwera pansi kuti zipeze chakudya. Ntchito yonse yosaka ndi kudyetsa imachitika mlengalenga. Amagwira tizilombo tating'onoting'ono komanso ting'onoting'ono pomwepo. Momwemonso, mbalameyi imasamalira ana ake - imadyetsa anapiye mlengalenga.
Chosangalatsa: Makumi ambiri a mabanja akalulu akumasaka m'malo otsika. Ndipamene amadzipezera zakudya zambiri zamtundu wa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Anthu, ataona mbalame zouluka zochepa, amazilumikiza ndi kulosera nyengo. Komabe, khalidweli silikugwirizana ndi mvula.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Kumeza
Swallows amatha kukhala pansi komanso kusamukasamuka. Ngati mbalame zimakhala m'malo otentha, ndiye kuti sizimauluka nthawi yozizira, zimakhala moyo wongokhala. Nthawi ina, akalulu amakakamizika kupanga maulendo ataliatali achisanu m'malo ovomerezeka. Njira yosamukayi ndi gawo lovuta kwambiri kwa mbalame yaying'ono. Swallows amakakamizidwa kuwuluka kawiri mchaka chimodzi.
Moyo wa nyama izi ndiwothandiza. Samapuma kawirikawiri, amakhala akusaka chakudya cha iwo eni ndi ana awo - ndipo zonse zili mlengalenga. Pachifukwa ichi, mbalame zotchedwa swallows zakhwima bwino, zimakhala zochepa, zochepa. Miyendo yawo siimasinthidwa kuti ayende pansi. Kaŵirikaŵiri samangotsika motero amayenda pansi. Chokhacho chingakhale njira yosonkhanitsira zinthu zomangira zisa.
Swallows amatha kuwuluka otsika kwambiri komanso okwera. Amathamanga kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, ndiwachiwiri kusinthaku, komwe anthu amawasokoneza. Swallows imatha kuthamanga kuthamanga mpaka makilomita zana ndi makumi awiri paola. Chikhalidwe cha mbalamezi sichimakonda nkhondo, koma mwamtendere. Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale mlendo atakhazikika pachisa chawo, namzeze sangaukire, koma amangobisalira nyumba. Ngati izi sizikuwopsyeza wolowererayo, ndiye kuti angoyamba kupanga chisa chatsopano pafupi.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Kumeza mbalame
Swallows ndi mbalame zokhazokha. Ngati apanga banja, ndiye kuti ndi kwakanthawi. Milandu yamitala ndiyosowa m'banja lino. Mapangidwe awiriawiri amayamba ndikubwera kwa kutentha koyamba - koyambirira kwa masika. Pakadali pano, zamphongozo zimafalitsa michira yawo, ndikulira mokweza kuti zikope zachikazi zomwe amakonda.
Zapeza bwenzi lokwanira, mbalamezo zimayamba kuphatikana. M'nyengo, wamkazi aliyense amatha kutola tiana tiwiri. Mkazi amaikira mazira osapitirira asanu ndi awiri nthawi imodzi. Nthawi zambiri, anayi kapena asanu. Kuphatikiza apo, kholo limameza mazira kwa masiku pafupifupi sikisitini. Amachita izi motsatana. Anapiye amabadwa aang'ono kwambiri. Kukula kwawo ndikosowa ngakhale kukafika mainchesi anayi.
Anapiye amabadwa opanda thandizo, poyamba alibe nthenga konse. M'masabata oyamba, chisamaliro chonse cha mwana chimagwera makolo omwe angopangidwa kumene. Amadyetsa zinyenyeswazi pamodzi kwa milungu itatu. Kenako, kwa masiku angapo, mbalamezi zimachita nawo ntchito yophunzitsa nyama zazing'ono. Amawaphunzitsa momwe angagwirire tizilombo ndikuuluka. Kuphatikiza apo, anawo amasiya chisa cha makolo ndikulowa nawo.
Moyo wa akalulu othamanga sakhala wautali kwambiri, pafupifupi, zaka zinayi. Komabe, pali zosiyana m'chilengedwe. Anthu ena amakhala zaka zisanu ndi zitatu. Akazi amatha kubereka ana chaka chimodzi atabadwa. Ana oyamba nthawi zambiri samakhala ochulukirapo, achiwiri ndipo onse otsatirawa amakhala okulirapo.
Adani achilengedwe akumeza
Chithunzi: Kumeza pothawa
Kameza ndi kambalame kakang'ono kosadziteteza. Koma sizokayikitsa kuti azingogwidwa mosavuta. Ali ndi adani ochepa achilengedwe chifukwa chakuti namzeze amatha kuthamanga kwambiri. Sangakwanitse. Ndi chifukwa cha kuwuluka kwawo komwe kumameza pafupifupi sizimagwera nyama zomwe zimadya nyama. Chosiyana ndi ichi ndi chakuti mbalame ikagwa pansi chifukwa chovulala mapiko.
Zosangalatsa: Makungu ndi mbalame zosamuka. Nthawi zambiri samamwalira chifukwa cha kuukira kwa adani, koma chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimachitika mukamayenda maulendo ataliatali. Chifukwa chake, panthawi yomwe ikuuluka, chifukwa cha nyengo yoipa, gulu lonse limatha kufa.
Akalulu akumzinda nthawi zambiri amasakidwa ndi mphamba wokonda masewera. Uyu ndi mdani woopsa kwambiri wa mbalame zazing'ono. Amathamanga mwachangu, mosavuta amagwira nyama yake mlengalenga. Nthawi zina khwimbi amadikirira mbalame pafupi ndi dziwe. Swallows ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu akamasonkhanitsa zinthu kuti amange chisa chawo.
Komanso, adani a namzeze amatha kutchedwa tiziromboti tating'onoting'ono komanso ma endoparasites. Thupi lawo ndi thupi lawo zimavulazidwa ndi nkhupakupa, utitiri, ndi malungo. Palinso utitiri wapadera wa mitundu ya mbalameyi. Amatchedwa Ceratophyllus hirundinis. Mbalame zimatha kutenga malungo kuchokera ku udzudzu.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Kumeza m'chilengedwe
Lero pali mitundu yoposa makumi asanu ndi awiri ya kumeza. Malinga ndi kuyerekezera kosamalitsa kwa akatswiri, pafupifupi anthu mamiliyoni makumi anayi mphambu asanu ndi atatu amakhala ku Europe kokha. Padziko lonse lapansi, ndizosatheka kudziwa kuchuluka kwa anthu akumeza. Izi ndi mbalame zazing'ono zomwe zimasamukira kwina. Komabe, ndizodziwika bwino kuti kuchuluka kwa nyama izi kumatha kusinthasintha.
Chifukwa cha mbalame zambiri, malo awo osungira amatchedwa LC. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mitundu ya mbalameyi sichiwopsezedwa kuti itha, chiopsezo chotsika kwambiri mwa anthu ndichochepa. Komabe, m'maiko ena, kuchepa pang'ono kwa chiwerengero cha mbalamezi. Chifukwa chake, pali mavuto ngati awa ku UK. Pachifukwa ichi, akuluakulu aku UK akhwimitsa kayendedwe ka mbalamezi ndikuwonjezera kusamalira kwawo
Kusinthasintha kwa anthu akumeza ndi abwino komanso oyipa. Chiwerengero cha anthu chikuwonjezeka chifukwa chakumanga nyumba zatsopano, kuwononga mpweya ndi boma la mayiko ambiri komwe kumakhala mbalame. Zinthu zingapo zazikulu zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa mbalame: kupikisana ndi mitundu ina ya mbalame, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo owopsa ndi anthu, nyengo yozizira, komanso kusowa kwa "nyumba" zomangira zisa.
Kumeza - wochezeka kwambiri, mbalame yamtendere yokhala ndi nthenga zokongola komanso mawu osangalatsa amawu. Amakhala mwamtendere pafupi ndi anthu, amathamanga kwambiri ndipo amatha kuphimba maulendo ataliatali. Swallows ndiofala m'madera okhala ndi nyengo yotentha, chiopsezo chotsika mwa anthu posachedwa sichikhala chochepa.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 25.03.2019
Tsiku losintha: 07/05/2020 nthawi ya 11:50
