Zachilendo komanso zoseketsa alireza zimapangitsa anthu ena kumwetulira, ena kudodometsedwa. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa anthu akale kwambiri dziko lathu lino, amene, mwamwayi, anapulumuka mpaka nthawi yathu ndipo yekha woimira gulu lake eponymous. Aardvark ndi nyama yosowa kwenikweni yomwe imakhala mdziko lotentha kwambiri ku Africa.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Aardvark
Aardvark ndi kunja kwake ikufanana kwambiri ndi nkhumba, koma imangokhala ndi pakamwa patali ndi makutu abulu, ngati kuti wamatsenga wochokera ku nthano adasakaniza china chake ndikupanga cholengedwa chotere. Aardvark adadzitcha dzina lake chifukwa cha kapangidwe kachilendo ka ma molars, okhala ndi machubu a dentin, omwe adakula pamodzi, alibe mizu kapena enamel, ndipo kukula kwawo sikumaima.
Dzinalo la sayansi la aardvark limamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Greek ngati "miyendo ikuboola". A Dutch, omwe adafika ku Africa, adatcha nyamayi "aard-wark", yomwe imamasulira kuti "nkhumba yadothi". Zimayimira kufanana kwa aardvark ndi nkhumba komanso kuthekera kwake kokumba maenje. Kwa nthawi yayitali, mafuko omwe amakhala m'malo a ku Africa amatchedwa nkhumba yachilendo "abu-delaf", kutanthauza "bambo wa zikhadabo," ndipo zikhadabo za aardvark ndizamphamvu komanso zozizwitsa.
Kanema: Aardvark
Choyamba, aardvark idakhala pakati pamabanja amphaka, mwina chifukwa chofanana, makamaka pamenyu. Kenako asayansi adazindikira kuti nyamayi ilibe chochita ndi malo owonera nyama. Zing'onozing'ono sizikudziwika za chiyambi cha dongosolo la aardvark. Zadziwika kuti nyamayi ili ndi ubale wapabanja ndi njovu, manatee ndi ma hyrax.
Ndizowonekeratu kuti aardvark ndiye woimira wakale kwambiri wazinyama. Izi zikuwonetsedwa ndi zotsalira zakale za nyama iyi, zomwe zidapezeka ku Kenya. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti zotsalazo ndizoposa zaka mamiliyoni makumi awiri. Zimadziwika kuti malo akale omwe amakhala kumwera kwa Europe, Madagascar komanso kumadzulo kwa Asia. Tsopano amapezeka ku Africa kokha.
Amakhulupirira kuti kusilira ndi mtundu wakale wa osatulutsa. Izi sizingafanane ndi kufanana kwina, koma zamkati, kuphatikiza kapangidwe ka ubongo, minofu ndi mano. Akatswiri ofufuza zinthu zakale amati nyama yapaderayi sinasinthe kuyambira kale ndipo idakalipo mpaka pano. Aardvark moyenerera angatchedwe kuti ndi osowa, ndipo amatchedwanso African kapena Cape.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Animal aardvark
Maonekedwe a aardvark ndiwodabwitsa kwambiri; amaphatikiza mawonekedwe azinyama zingapo nthawi imodzi. Mphuno yayitali ya aardvark ndi yofanana ndi yamphongo. Ndi matupi ake komanso nkhumba zake zoseketsa, imafanana ndi nkhumba wamba, makutu ake akulu amafanana ndi a kalulu kapena bulu, kutalika kwake kumafika masentimita 22. Mchira wamphamvu wa aardvark ndi wofanana ndi mchira wa kangaroo.
Kutalika kwa thupi la aardvark kumafika mita imodzi ndi theka, kupatula mchira, womwe ndi wopitilira theka la mita. Izi "nkhumba" yolemera imalemera pafupifupi 65 kg, koma pali zitsanzo ndi zolemetsa - mpaka 90 kg. Akazi ndi ocheperako pang'ono kuposa amuna. Komanso, mkazi amasiyanitsidwa ndi kupezeka kwa mawere anayi.
Khola lakhungu lakuda silikhala ndi malaya olemera komanso okongola. Thupi lake limakutidwa ndi ubweya wochepa kwambiri, wofanana ndi ma bristles, omwe ndi achikasu achikaso. Mphuno ndi mchira ndi zoyera kapena zapinki, ndipo miyendo ndi yakuda. Nyama imeneyi sikusowa ubweya wokulirapo, chifukwa imakhala kumtunda. Khungu lakuthwa ndi lolimba limaliteteza kuti lisalowerere tizilombo ta mitundu yonse ngakhalenso nyama zolusa.
Miyendo yamphamvu ndi yolimba ya aardvark, monga ofukula amphamvu, amakumba bwino dziko ndikuwononga milu ya chiswe. Pamapeto pa zala pali zikhadabo zazikulu zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito chida chodzitchinjiriza kwa anthu osafuna.
Mwambiri, aardvark ndiyolimba mokwanira, amangosowa kulimba mtima. Mphamvu yake ya kununkhiza ndi kumva ndiyabwino kwambiri, izi sizosadabwitsa, chifukwa mphuno ndi makutu ake zimawoneka patali. Aardvark adangotsitsidwa ndi masomphenya ake, omwe ndi ofooka kwambiri, maso ake ang'onoang'ono sawona chilichonse masana, ndipo usiku amatha kusiyanitsa mithunzi yakuda ndi yoyera. Chosangalatsa ndichinyama ndichakuti aardvark ndi wakhungu, ndi momwe maso ake amapangidwira, diso lake lomwe limangokhala ndi ma cones okha.
Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa kwa kapangidwe ka mano ake, omwe atchulidwa kale. Mano ali kumbuyo kwa nsagwada, zidutswa 4 kapena 6 pa theka lililonse. Amayima olimba, mzati, iliyonse yomwe imakhala ndi machubu ambirimbiri owonera dentin. Mkati mwa ma tubules muli mathero ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Mano achilendowa saphimbidwa ndi enamel ndipo alibe mizu, koma kukula kwawo kumakhala kosasintha, chifukwa kumatha msanga.
Kodi aardvark amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Aardvark Africa
Ngakhale kuti makolo am'mbuyomu anali atafalikira m'makontinenti osiyanasiyana, tsopano woyimilira yekhayo wokhala ndi khomo lokhalokha ali mchigawo chokongola cha Africa. Nyama zodabwitsa izi zidakhazikika kumwera kwa Sahara, kupatula nkhalango yomwe ili ku Central Africa. Amadziwika kuti anthu omwe kale ankakhala m'chigwa cha Nile komanso kumapiri aku Algeria atheratu.
Aardvark amakonda nyengo yowuma, chifukwa chake amapewa nkhalango zazikulu zomwe zili pa Africa equator, chifukwa nthawi zambiri kumagwa kumeneko. Nyama izi sizimakonda madambo komanso malo amiyala kwambiri, chifukwa nkovuta kukumba maenje panthaka yotere. Pamapiri a mapiri, simupeza aardvark wopitilira 2 km kutalika. Nyama zachilendozi ndizodziwika bwino ndi ma savanna aku Africa, komwe kumakhala koyenera kukumba ma tunnel akuluakulu omwe amakonda kugona masana, kutsogolera moyo wachinsinsi komanso wosamvetsetseka, womwe asayansi sadziwa pang'ono.
Kodi aardvark amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Animal aardvark
Kuti mupeze chakudya chabwino, aardvark amasankha nthawi yausiku, ikamakhala yotetezeka kwambiri, ndipo osayiwala kuti masana amakhala akhungu. Menyu ya nyama iyi ndi yachilendo monga iyo, mbale zake zazikulu ndi nyerere ndi chiswe. Aardvark samanyoza mphutsi zosiyanasiyana za tizilombo tina, imadya dzombe, ndipo pali ena mafupa omwe amadya. Kawirikawiri, komabe, bowa, zipatso zosiyanasiyana zowutsa mudyo ndi zipatso zimatha kupezeka pamenyu ya aardvark.
Pafupifupi, aardvark wokhwima amadyedwa ndi tizilombo pafupifupi 50,000 patsiku. Chilankhulo cha nyama iyi chimafanana kwambiri ndi chamadyedwe, chifukwa chake, zomwe amadya ndizofanana. Kutalika kwa chiwalo ichi ndikosangalatsa kwambiri. Tikaganizira kutalika kwa mphuno ya aardvark, ndiye kuti lilime lake limakhala lalitali kwambiri, chifukwa limatha kutuluka mkamwa masentimita 25. Lilime lalitali modabwitsa limayenda bwino ndipo limakutidwa ndi malovu owoneka bwino, omwe, monga guluu, amakopa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, nthawi zina ngakhale tosaoneka tating'ono kwambiri.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti madera omwe ali mu ukapolo ali ndi menyu osiyanasiyana. Samasiya nyama, mkaka, mazira, amakonda mapira osiyanasiyana. Anthu amalemeretsa chakudya chawo ndi mavitamini apadera.
Nyama zoseketsa izi zili ndi talente yapadera yolumikizidwa ndi zomwe amakonda. Aardvark ndi okhawo omwe amagulitsa mbewu za nkhaka zomwe zili m'banja la dzungu ndikukhwima pansi panthaka. Nyama, monga zokumba zokumana nazo, zimawatulutsa m'madzi ndikudya mosangalala, potero zimalola kuti mbewuyo igawidwe m'malo ena. Sizachabe kuti aardvark adatchedwa "nkhumba yadothi".
Makhalidwe ndi moyo
Chithunzi: Aardvark
Aardvark ndi cholengedwa chobisika komanso chodabwitsa, sichidziwika kwenikweni za moyo wake. sanaphunzire mokwanira. Ndiwosangalala komanso wokangalika madzulo, ndipo masana amakonda kubisala mdzenje, momwe amagona mokoma, atapempherera usiku. Nthawi zina aardvark imalola kuti izisangalala ndi kutentha dzuwa, imachita mbandakucha osati patali ndi pothawira pake.
Aardvark ndi wokumba mwakhama komanso waluso, wokhoza kukumba m'makonde ambiri apansi panthaka. Mwa izi amathandizidwa ndi zitoliro zamphamvu zakutsogolo ndi mapaundi awiri a zala, pomwe pali zikhadabo zolimba-ziboda zomwe zimakhadzula nthaka osati zoyipa kuposa fosholo. Miyendo yakumbuyo ndi mchira kutaya kale kumasula nthaka.
Aardvark si njira imodzi yokha, koma mzere wonse udakumbidwa nthawi imodzi, womwe makonde ake amatha kutalika mpaka mita makumi awiri. Pozindikira kuti chiwopsezo, nyama ikhoza kubisala m'modzi mwamikono yomwe ili pogona. Nyumba yotereyi imapulumutsanso ku dzuwa lowopsa la ku Africa, nyengo mumtsinje wa aardvark imakhala yabwino nthawi zonse, kutentha sikukwera kuposa madigiri 24 ndi chikwangwani chowonjezera.
Malo obisika aardvark amakhala malo abwino oti nyama zikhale monga:
- Nkhumba;
- mongoose;
- nkhandwe;
- nungu.
Usiku, aardvark nthawi zambiri amayenda makilomita opitilira makumi awiri, kupita kukafunafuna chakudya monga chiswe ndi nyerere. Kumva mwachidwi komanso kununkhira kumamuthandiza kwambiri pankhaniyi. Ndipo zikhadabo-ziboda zamphamvu kwambiri zitha kuwononga nyerere zilizonse ndi chiswe.
Ponena za mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe aardvark, zitha kuzindikirika kuti ndiwodzichepetsa, wofatsa komanso wamantha pang'ono. Nyama imamvetsera mosamalitsa malo ake nthawi zonse. Phokoso lililonse lokayikitsa limapangitsa aardvark kufunafuna kubisala mumtambo kapena kubowola pansi ngati palibe pogona lina pafupi. Nyama yachilendoyi ndiyosachedwa komanso yovuta.
Asayansi akuti munthu aliyense ali ndi gawo linalake, lomwe kukula kwake kuli pakati pa ma kilomita awiri mpaka asanu, ndipo malo ake amakonda kutsatira. Ndizosatheka kutchulanso luso lina "nkhumba yadothi" - amatha kusambira mwangwiro, ngakhale amakhala makamaka m'malo ouma.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Aardvark Cub
Aardvark sanaphunzirepo pang'ono, koma amakhulupirira kuti nyama izi zimakonda kukhala kwayokha, zokha, sizipanga mgwirizano wabanja. Akatswiri a Zoologist nawonso sanazindikire nyengo yapadera yokwatirana; pakuwona zovuta, kukhathamira kumachitika munthawi zosiyanasiyana pachaka. Mwa anthu omwe amakhala mu ukapolo, ng'ombe zimabadwa mu February, Marichi kapena Juni. Mwachilengedwe, zimatengera malo okhala nyama.
Mimba ya mkazi imakhala pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi iwiri. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, mayi amakhala ndi mwana m'modzi yekha, ndizosowa kwambiri kuti mapasa amabadwa. Ana amakhala otalikirapo pang'ono kuposa theka la mita ndipo amalemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu awiri. Tsitsi lawo kulibiretu, ndipo khungu ndilopinki. Mayi wamphongo yayitali amadyetsa ana ake mkaka mpaka miyezi inayi yakubadwa. Ngakhale pakadali pano, yaikazi imadyetsa mwana ndi nyerere, kumuzolowera chakudyachi pafupifupi chibadwire. Atafika miyezi inayi yakubadwa, mayi wachikondi amayamba kuphunzitsa mwana wake kupeza chakudya, kuti azitha kudziyimira pawokha.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, anawo amayamba kutuluka mumtanda ali ndi zaka ziwiri. Ndipo akafika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, amayamba kuphunzira mwakhama kukumba maenje, ngakhale akukhalabe m'nyumba ya amayi awo.
Pachaka chokha pomwe achichepere amakhala ofanana mofanana ndi anthu akuluakulu, ndipo zimayamba kukula mpaka zaka ziwiri. M'mikhalidwe yamtchire, yovuta, yachilengedwe, kuwonera kumakhala zaka 18, ndipo onse 25 atha kukhala mu ukapolo.
Adani achilengedwe aardvark
Chithunzi: Animal aardvark waku Africa
Aardvark ili ndi adani ambiri, chifukwa ndichakudya chokoma cha zilombo zazikulu. Nyamayo ilibe mantha komanso kulimba mtima, chifukwa chake imakhala tcheru nthawi zonse, imagwira phokoso lililonse. Aardvark nthawi zonse amakhala okonzeka kulowa mumtsinje wake kapena kubowola pansi kuti apulumuke.
Adani achilengedwe a "nkhumba yapadziko lapansi" ndi awa:
- mikango;
- afisi akuthambo;
- nyamazi;
- afisi agalu.
Ngati ndizosatheka kupewa kugundana, ndiye kuti aardvark imadzitchinjiriza, kudzitchinjiriza ndi ziwombankhanga zake zamphamvu, kapena ndi mchira wake wolimba. Ndibwino kuti odzichepetsa awa akhale ndi kukula kwakukulu ndi khungu lakuda, motero nyama zazing'ono sizingathe kuyandikira. Ana a Aarvark amatha kugwira nsato nthawi ya nkhomaliro.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, pochita mantha kwambiri, aardvark imayamba kulira mokweza komanso makamaka, ngakhale nthawi zambiri amangokhalira kununkhiza ndikung'ung'uza pang'ono.
Mmodzi mwa adani owopsa a aardvark ndi munthu yemwe amawononga nyama zamtendere izi chifukwa cha nyama yofanana ndi nyama ya nkhumba, khungu ndi mano, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida ndi zokongoletsa zosiyanasiyana. Chiwerengero cha nyama zakale izi panthawiyi sichikudziwika bwinobwino, koma chimachepa, chifukwa chake anthu ayenera kuganizira zofuna zawo, nthawi zina zadyera.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Aardvark
Nthawi zosiyanasiyana, aardvark idawonongedwa pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. A Dutch ndi aku Britain omwe adabwera ku Africa adapha chifukwa chokumba maenje akulu, pomwe mahatchi nthawi zambiri amagwa ndikuvulala kwambiri. Anthu ambiri amtundu waku Africa adya ndipo akadyani nyama ya aardvark, yomwe imafanana kwambiri ndi nkhumba. Komanso, anthu a ku Africa amapanga zibangili kuchokera pakhungu, ndi zithumwa za zikhadabo, zomwe, malinga ndi chikhulupiriro chawo, zimabweretsa chisangalalo. Alendo adapanga zikopa zolimba komanso zowirira kuti apange malamba ndi zingwe. Chifukwa chake, pang'onopang'ono, kuchuluka kwa aardvark kunachepa, zomwe zikuchitika lero.
Monga tanenera kale, chiwerengero cha gulu la aardvark sichinakhazikitsidwe, koma chinthu chimodzi ndichachidziwikire - chikuchepa. Pakadali pano, nyamazi zachilendo sizikuwopsyeza kutha, koma anthu sayenera kunyalanyaza kuti pali "nkhumba zadothi" zochepa komanso zochepa. Chiwerengero chowonjezeka cha madera, pomwe aardvark amakhala kale, chimasankhidwa ndi munthu pazosowa zake. M'madera aku Africa komwe minda imalimidwa mwamphamvu, aardvark idatsala pang'ono kuwonongedwa, anthu amakhulupirira kuti imavulaza malo olimapo ndikuboola malo apansi panthaka.
Zimakhala zowawa nthawi zonse kuzindikira kuti ife - anthu - timakhala ngati gawo lalikulu pakuchepa kwa nyama iliyonse, kuphatikiza aardvark. Mitundu yambiri idasowa kale padziko lapansi, chifukwa chake ndizosatheka kulola woimira wakale kwambiri waufumu wonse wazinyama kuti awopsezedwe ndi chiwonongeko.
Pomaliza, ndikufuna kuwonjezera kuti nthawi zina munthu samaganiza za izi kapena nyama zomwe zingamubweretsere zabwino. Ngati tikulankhula za aardvark, ndiye kuti (phindu) limangokhala lalikulu, chifukwa cholengedwa chodabwitsa ichi chimayang'anira mosalekeza kuchuluka kwa chiswe, chomwe chitha kuyambitsa mavuto osayerekezeka kumunda wolimidwa.
Kutembenukira ku mbiri yakale ya aardvark, titha kuganiza kuti gulu lodabwitsali lanyama lidagonjetsa zovuta zambiri komanso zoopsa, koma, komabe, zidapulumuka mpaka nthawi yathu ino, mawonekedwe osasintha. Chifukwa chake, tiwonetsetse kuti zakale kwambiri zakale kwambiri, zakale kwambiri - alireza, amakhala wotetezeka komanso wathanzi ndipo wakhala zaka zopitilira chimodzi, ndikusangalatsa iwo omwe amuzungulira ndi mawonekedwe ake oseketsa komanso owoneka bwino pang'ono.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 28.02.2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 09/15/2019 pa 19:18
