Platypus amadziwika ngati imodzi mwa nyama zodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Chili mbali ya mbalame, zokwawa ndi nyama. Anali platypus yemwe adasankhidwa ngati nyama yoyimira Australia. Ndi chithunzi chake, ndalama zimasindikizidwa mdziko muno.
Nyamayi itadziwika, asayansi, ofufuza komanso akatswiri a zinyama adadabwa kwambiri. Sanathe kudziwa nthawi yomweyo kuti ndi nyama yanji patsogolo pawo. Mphuno, yofanana kwambiri ndi milomo ya bakha, mchira wa beaver, imatuluka m'miyendo ngati tambala, ndipo zinthu zina zambiri zasokoneza asayansi.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Platypus
Nyamayo ndi ya nyama zam'madzi. Pamodzi ndi njoka, ndi membala wa gulu la monotremes ndi. Lero, nyama izi zokha ndizoyimira banja la platypus. Asayansi aona zinthu zingapo zomwe zimawagwirizanitsa ndi zokwawa.
Kwa nthawi yoyamba khungu la nyama linapezeka ku Australia mu 1797. M'masiku amenewo, ofufuza sanathe kupeza chifukwa cha yemwe anali ndi khungu ili. Asayansi ngakhale anaganiza poyamba kuti unali mtundu wina wa nthabwala, kapena mwina unapangidwa ndi ambuye achi China popanga nyama zodzaza. Pa nthawi imeneyo, amisiri aluso a mtundu wanyimbowa adakwanitsa kumangiriza ziwalo za nyama zosiyana.
Kanema: Platypus
Zotsatira zake, nyama zodabwitsa zomwe kulibe zidawonekera. Pambuyo pa kukhalapo kwa nyama yodabwitsa iyi, wofufuza George Shaw adalongosola kuti ndi bakha wosalala. Komabe, patangopita nthawi pang'ono, wasayansi wina, a Friedrich Blumenbach, adamufotokoza kuti anali wonyamula milomo ya mbalame. Pambuyo pa mikangano yayitali ndikuyesetsa kuti agwirizane, nyamayo idatchedwa "mlomo wofanana ndi bakha".
Pakubwera kwa platypus, malingaliro onse okhudza chisinthiko adasokonekera. Asayansi ndi ofufuza kwazaka pafupifupi makumi atatu sanathe kudziwa kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa nyama. Mu 1825, adazindikira kuti ndi nyama. Ndipo patadutsa pafupifupi zaka 60 zidapezeka kuti ma platypuses amakonda kuyikira mazira.
Zatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi kuti nyama izi ndi zina mwa zakale kwambiri padziko lapansi. Woimira wakale kwambiri wamtunduwu, wopezeka ku Australia, wazaka zopitilira 100 miliyoni. Inali nyama yaying'ono. Ankayenda usiku ndipo samadziwa kuyikira mazira.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Animal platypus
Platypus ili ndi thupi lolimba, lokhathamira, miyendo yayifupi. Thupi limakutidwa ndi ubweya waubweya wakuda wakuda, pafupifupi wakuda. M'mimba, malaya amakhala opepuka, ofiira ofiira. Mutu wa nyama ndi wochepa poyerekeza ndi thupi, wozungulira mozungulira. Pamutu pake pali mlomo waukulu, wopingasa ngati mlomo wa bakha. Mizere ya diso, mphuno ndi khutu zili m'malo apadera.
Pakudumphira m'madzi, timabowo tating'onoting'ono timatsekedwa mwamphamvu, kuteteza kulowa kwa madzi. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, m'madzi, platypus imatha kwathunthu kuwona ndi kumva. Kuwongolera kwakukulu pamkhalidwewu ndi mphuno. Mitengo yambiri yamitsempha imayikidwamo, yomwe imathandiza osati kungoyenda bwino mumlengalenga, komanso kugwira mayendedwe ang'onoang'ono, komanso zizindikiritso zamagetsi.
Kukula kwa Platypus:
- kutalika kwa thupi - masentimita 35-45. Mwa oimira banja la ma platypus, mawonekedwe azakugonana amafotokozedwa bwino. Zazimayi ndizochepera kamodzi ndi theka - kawiri kuposa amuna;
- mchira kutalika 15-20 cm;
- thupi 1.5-2 makilogalamu.
Miyendo ndi yaifupi, yomwe ili mbali zonse ziwiri, kumtunda kwa thupi. Ndiye chifukwa chake nyama, zikamayenda pamtunda, zimayenda, zikuyenda uku ndi uku. Miyendo ndi kapangidwe kake kodabwitsa. Ali ndi zala zisanu, zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi nembanemba. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kameneka, nyama zimasambira ndikutsika mwangwiro. Kuphatikiza apo, nembanemba zimatha kumangirira, ndikuwonetsa zikhadabo zazitali, zakuthwa zomwe zimathandiza kukumba.
Pamiyendo yakumbuyo, nembanemba sadziwika kwenikweni, chifukwa chake amagwiritsa ntchito miyendo yakutsogolo kusambira mwachangu. Mapazi akumbuyo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati owongolera mutu. Mchira umagwira ntchito moyenera. Ndiwophwatalala, wautali, wokutidwa ndi ubweya. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa tsitsi kumchira, zaka za nyama zimatha kutsimikizika. Ubweya wake ukakhala nawo, amakhala wocheperako. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti malo ogulitsa mafuta amadzipezera makamaka mchira, osati pathupi.
Nyama iyi imadziwika ndi zinthu zingapo:
- Kutentha kwa thupi la nyama sikudutsa madigiri 32. Imatha kuwongolera kutentha kwa thupi, chifukwa imasinthasintha mwanjira zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe.
- Ma platypuses achimuna ndi owopsa.
- Nyama zili ndi milomo yofewa.
- Ma Platypus amadziwika ndi njira yochepetsetsa kwambiri yazakudya zamagetsi mthupi mwa nyama zonse zomwe zilipo masiku ano.
- Amuna amakonda kuikira mazira, monga mbalame zomwe zimatulutsa ana.
- Ma Platypuses amatha kukhala pansi pamadzi kwa mphindi zisanu kapena kupitilira apo.
Kodi platypus amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Platypus echidna
Mpaka zaka za m'ma 20s, nyama zimakhala ku Australia kokha. Masiku ano, ziweto zachuluka kuchokera kuzinthu zaku Tasmania kudzera ku Alps aku Australia, mpaka kukafika kumalire a Queensland. Kuchuluka kwa banja la platypus kumakhala ku Australia ndi Tasmania.
Nyama yotere imakhala ndi moyo wobisika. Amakonda kukhala m'mbali mwa nyanja m'madzi. Ndi mawonekedwe omwe amasankha matupi amadzi abwino kuti akhale ndi moyo. Platypuses amakonda kutentha kwa boma lamadzi - kuyambira 24 mpaka 30 madigiri. Zokhala ndi moyo, nyama zimapanga maenje. Ndizigawo zazifupi, zowongoka. Kutalika kwa dzenje limodzi sikupitilira mita khumi.
Iliyonse ili ndi zolowera ziwiri ndi chipinda chokhala ndi mipando. Khomo limodzi limatha kufikapo kuchokera kumtunda, lina kuchokera ku dziwe. Omwe akufuna kuwona platypus ndi maso awo amatha kupita kumalo osungira nyama, kapena malo osungirako zinyama ku Melbourne, Australia.
Kodi platypus amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Platypus m'madzi
Platypuses ndi osambira abwino komanso osiyanasiyana. Kuti achite izi, amafunikira mphamvu zambiri. Kuchuluka kwa chakudya tsiku lililonse kuyenera kukhala osachepera 30% ya kulemera kwa thupi lanyama kulipira ndalama zamagetsi.
Zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mu zakudya za platypus:
- nkhono;
- udzu wam'madzi;
- nkhanu;
- ziphuphu;
- nsomba zazing'ono;
- mbozi za tizilombo;
- nyongolotsi.
Ma platypuses ali m'madzi amatenga chakudya m'masaya. Akakhala panja, amapera chakudya chomwe amapeza mothandizidwa ndi nsagwada zawo zonyentchera. Platypuses amakonda kumugwira wovutayo nthawi yomweyo ndikumutumiza tsaya.
Zomera zam'madzi zimangokhala ngati chakudya ngati pali zovuta zina ndi zina zopezera chakudya. Koma izi ndizosowa kwambiri. Platypuses amaonedwa ngati alenje kwambiri. Amatha kutembenuza miyala ndi mphuno zawo, komanso amadzidalira m'madzi amatope odzaza ndi matope.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Platypus waku Australia
Nyama zimakonda kukhala gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a moyo wawo m'madzi. Sizachilendo kuti nyamazi zizitha kugona. Itha kukhala masiku 6-14. Nthawi zambiri, zodabwitsazi zimawonedwa nyengo isanakwane. Chifukwa chake, nyamazo zimapeza nyonga ndikupuma.
Platypus imagwira ntchito kwambiri usiku. Usiku amasaka ndi kupeza chakudya chake. Oimira awa a banja la platypus amakonda moyo wakutali. Sizachilendo kwa iwo kulowa nawo magulu kapena kupanga mabanja. Platypuses mwachilengedwe amadalitsidwa mosamala kwambiri.
Platypuses amakhala makamaka m'mphepete mwa nyanja zamadzi. Chifukwa cha luso lapadera loyang'anira kutentha kwa thupi ndikusinthasintha bwino nyengo, amakhala pafupi ndi mitsinje ndi nyanja zotentha, komanso pafupi ndi mitsinje yozizira yamapiri.
Pokhala kwamuyaya, akulu amapanga ma tunnel, mabowo. Amakumba ndi zikhomo zolimba ndi zikhadabo zazikulu. Nora ali ndi kapangidwe kapadera. Ili ndi makomo awiri, ngalande yaying'ono ndi chipinda chokulirapo, chotakasuka bwino. Nyama zimamanga dzenje lawo m'njira yoti khomo lolowera ndilopapatiza. Pakusunthira kulowa mchipinda chamkati, madzi onse omwe ali mthupi la platypus amafinyidwa.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Cub platypus
Nthawi yokwanira ya ma platypus imayamba mu Ogasiti ndipo imatha mpaka kumapeto kwa Okutobala, pakati pa Novembala. Akazi amakopa amuna kapena akazi anzawo pogwedeza mchira wawo. Nthawi imeneyi, amuna amabwera kudera la akazi. Kwa kanthawi amatsatirana bwino ngati kuvina. Kenako chachimuna chimayamba kukoka chachikazi kumchira. Uwu ndi mtundu wa chibwenzi womwe umatenga nthawi yayifupi kwambiri.
Atalowa m'banja ndikukhala ndi umuna, akazi amamanga nyumba zawo, momwe amaberekera ana. Bowo lotere limasiyana ndi malo okhala nyama. Imakhala yayitali kwambiri, ndipo kumapeto kwake mkazi amakhala ndi chisa. Mkazi amatenga pansi ndi masamba, kuti asonkhanitse momwe amagwiritsira ntchito mchira wake, womwe amamutenga nawo mulu. Ntchito yomangayi ikamalizidwa, azimayi amatseka makonde onse apadziko lapansi. Ndi njira yodzitetezera ku kusefukira kwamadzi ndi kuukiridwa ndi adani owopsa.
Kenako amaikira pakati pa dzira limodzi kapena atatu. Kunja zimawoneka ngati mazira a zokwawa. Ali ndi khungu loyera, khungu lachikopa. Pambuyo poyikira mazira, mayi woyembekezera amawatenthetsa nthawi zonse ndi kutentha kwake mpaka nthawi yomwe anawo amabadwa. Anawo amatyola patatha masiku khumi kuchokera pamene mayi anaikira mazira. Ana amabadwa ang'onoang'ono, akhungu komanso opanda tsitsi. Kukula kwawo sikupitilira masentimita 3. Nthawi zambiri makanda amabadwa kudzera mu dzino la dzira, lopangidwa kuti liphwanye chipolopolocho. Kenako imagwa ngati yosafunikira.
Akabereka, mayi amaika ana m'mimba ndikuwadyetsa ndi mkaka wake. Akazi alibe mawere. M'mimba mwake, ali ndi zibowo zomwe zimatulutsa mkaka. Anawo amangonyambita. Mkazi amakhala ndi ana ake pafupifupi nthawi zonse. Amachoka pamabowo kuti angopeza chakudya chokha.
Pambuyo pa masabata 10 kuyambira nthawi yobadwa, thupi la ana limakutidwa ndi tsitsi, maso amatseguka. Kusaka koyamba komanso chidziwitso pakupanga chakudya chodziyimira pawokha kumapezeka miyezi 3.5-4. Pakatha chaka, achinyamata amakhala moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo pansi pazachilengedwe sichinafotokozeredwe bwino. Akatswiri a zoologists amati ndi zaka 10-15.
Adani achilengedwe a platypuses
Chithunzi: Platypus ku Australia
Mwachilengedwe, ma platypus ali ndi adani ochepa munyama, awa ndi awa:
- nsato;
- kuyang'anira buluzi;
- nyalugwe wam'nyanja.
Mdani woyipitsitsa wa nyama yoyamwitsa ndiye munthu ndi zochita zake. Kuchiyambiyambi kwa zaka za zana la 20, osaka nyama mosaka nyama ndi osaka nyama mopanda chifundo adapha nyama kuti apeze ubweya wawo. Panthawiyo, anali wofunika kwambiri pakati pa opanga ubweya. Nyamayo inali itatsala pang'ono kutha. Kuti apange malaya amkati okha, amayenera kuwononga nyama zopitilira khumi.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: Animal platypus
Chifukwa cha opha nyama mosaka ndi osaka nyama omwe adapha ma platypus ambiri kufunafuna ubweya, koyambirira kwa zaka za 20th, banja la platypus lidatsala pang'ono kuwonongedwa. Pankhaniyi, kusaka nyama izi kunali koletsedwa kotheratu.
Mpaka pano, nyama sizikuwopsyeza kutha kwathunthu, koma malo ake akuchepa kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa cha kuipitsa matupi amadzi, kukula kwa madera akuluakulu ndi anthu. Akalulu omwe adayambitsidwa ndi atsamunda amachepetsanso malo awo. Amakumba maenje m'malo okhala chilombocho ndikuwapangitsa kuti ayang'ane madera ena okhala.
Chitetezo cha Platypus
Chithunzi: Platypus Red Book
Kuti asunge mitundu ya anthu, nyamayo idalembedwa mu Red Book. Anthu aku Australia adakhazikitsa malo osungira mwapadera, omwe palibe omwe amawopseza ma platypus. Malo okhalamo abwino adapangidwira nyama zomwe zili m'malo amenewa. Malo otetezedwa kwambiri achilengedwe ndi Hillsville ku Victoria.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 01.03.2019
Tsiku losinthidwa: 15.09.2019 pa 19:09
