Ambiri amva zakukhala modabwitsa kwamakutu ku Africa. Fenech nkhandwe Ndi imodzi mwazinyama zachilendo kwambiri. Wopatsa chidwi komanso wokangalika. Nkhandwe yaying'ono kwambiri ndiyocheperako kuposa mphaka woweta, koma wokhala ndi makutu akulu. Ndi nkhope yokongola komanso mitundu yokongola. Fenech amatha kupulumuka m'malo ovuta m'chipululu chotentha.
Chiyambi cha mitundu ndi kufotokozera
Chithunzi: Lisa Fenech
Fennec nkhandwe, monga mtundu, ndi ya dongosolo la odyetsa, banja la canine, mtundu wa nkhandwe. Dzinalo la nyamayo limachokera ku fanak, lomwe limatanthauza "nkhandwe" m'Chiarabu. Choyambirira, ma fennec amaonekera pochepera komanso makutu akulu mosaneneka. Akatswiri, atapatsidwa mawonekedwe anyamayi, nthawi zambiri amasiyanitsa mtundu wina wake, wotchedwa Fennecus.
Ndikukula kwa sayansi, zidadziwika kuti Fenech ali ndi ma chromosomes ochepa kuposa nkhandwe zambiri, zomwe zimatsimikizira kupatukana kwake kukhala mtundu wina. Kuphatikiza apo, alibe ma gland, mosiyana ndi nkhandwe. Amasiyana mikhalidwe yawo komanso chikhalidwe chawo.
Dzina la mitundu mu Latin Vulpes (ndipo nthawi zina Fennecus) zerda limatanthauza "nkhandwe youma." Dzinalo lidayamba chifukwa choti fenech amakhala kumadera ouma achipululu. Mwachibadwa wachibale wa fennec ndi nkhandwe yayikulu-yamphongo, yomwe ili ndi kholo limodzi limodzi. Ankhandwe a Fennec adagulitsidwa pafupifupi zaka 4.5 miliyoni zapitazo. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu ambiri ofananirako ndi nkhandwe komanso oimira mitundu ina "yofanana ndi nkhandwe" amafotokozedwa ndikusintha kwofananira.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Fennec nkhandwe
Fennec nkhandwe ili ndi thupi laling'ono. Ankhandwewa amalemera 1.5 makilogalamu okha, ngati amphaka ang'onoang'ono. Kutalika kwa nyama ndikochepa kwambiri, pafupifupi masentimita 20 ndikufota. Kutalika kwa thupi kumasiyana masentimita 30 mpaka 40, kuphatikiza kutalika kwa mchira kumatenga pafupifupi ofanana. Zoyipa za nyama ndizochepa komanso zimakhala ngati zamphaka. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ziyangoyango zala zakuphazi zakutidwa ndi ubweya. Izi zimapangitsa kuti fennecs aziyenda pamtunda wotentha wa m'chipululu kapena mchenga masana.
Kanema: Lisa Fenech
Pakamwa pa nyama chonse pakufanana ndi nkhandwe, koma ndi chachifupi, chothinana kwambiri chakuthwa m'mphuno. Makutu a fennecs ndiosangalatsa kwambiri: ndi akulu poyerekeza kukula kwa nkhandwe, yotakata, koma yopyapyala. Makutu akulu mopanda malire amafunikira kuti nyama isatenthedwe. Kukula koteroko ndikofunikira kuti makutu akonzekeretse kutentha kwa thupi, popeza ma chanterelles a m'chipululu alibe matumbo a thukuta. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa chakukula kwa khutu, kumva kwa nkhandwezi kumapangidwa bwino, ndipo kumawalola kuti amve kulira kulikonse komwe angawatenge mumchenga.
Mano a nyama ndi ochepa komanso akuthwa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, Fenech amatha kutafuna bwino chivundikiro cha tizilombo. Kumbuyo kwake, mtundu wa ubweyawo ndi wofiira, pamphuno pake ndi paws ndi wopepuka, kukhala woyera. Zitsamba ndizowala kwambiri kuposa achikulire; zimadetsa ndi msinkhu. Chovalacho chimakwirira thupi lonse. Ndi wandiweyani komanso wautali kwambiri pathupi ndi miyendo. Pamchira, tsitsilo limakhala lalitali kwambiri, chifukwa chake limawonekera kwambiri. Mwambiri, ubweyawo umapereka chithunzi chakuti ma fennec ndi akulu kwambiri kuposa momwe aliri. Kunja, zikuwoneka kuti Fenech ndiolemera kuposa kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka.
Kodi nkhandwe ya fennec imakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Fox Fenech
Kwa fennec, malo ake achilengedwe ndi malo azipululu, zipululu zazing'ono ndi masamba. Amazolowera madera akuluakulu opanda mvula yopitilira 300 mm pachaka, yokutidwa makamaka ndi mchenga kapena miyala, komanso malo okhala ndi masamba ochepa. Milu yamchenga imatha kuonedwa ngati malo abwino.
Chifukwa cha malo ake, nkhandwe ya fennec imatchedwanso nkhandwe za m'chipululu. Kuperewera kwa madzi sikumuwopa iye munjira iliyonse. Nyama izi, zachidziwikire, sizimakonda kuyenda pamalo otentha, chifukwa chake zimagwira madzulo. Amayesetsa kukumba malo awo okhala pafupi ndi udzu wowerengeka wa m'chipululu.
Mwachitsanzo, mizu ya shrub ndiyabwino kukumba dzenje pakati pa mizu yake. Mabowo a nkhandwe za fenk ndiopadera: ali ndi mayendedwe angapo ndi nthambi. Pafupifupi pakati pakati pawo, a fennec amadzaza mabedi awo ndi udzu, fumbi, ubweya kapena nthenga. Mlendo amene sanakuyitaneni akaloŵa m'modzi mwa mavesiwo, nyamayo imatha kuchoka pogona ija kudzera njira ina.
Malo okhala nkhandwe m'chipululu ndi ochepa poyerekeza ndi nkhandwe zina zomwe zafalikira pafupifupi kumayiko onse. Fenech amakhala kumpoto kwa Africa osachepera 14 ° N. m'malo ake osafikika komanso ku Arabia Peninsula.
Mutha kukumana ndi nyama m'maiko angapo:
- Tunisia;
- Igupto;
- Algeria;
- Libya;
- Morocco;
- Mauritania;
- Republic of Chad;
- Niger;
- Sudan;
- Israeli.
Mbalame zazikulu kwambiri za nkhandwe za m'chipululu zimapezeka m'chipululu cha Sahara.
Chochititsa chidwi: Fenech ndi nyama yongokhala, sasintha malo ake ngakhale kusintha kwa nyengo.
Kodi nkhandwe ya fennec imadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Little Fennec Fox
Ankhandwe a Fennec samasankha chilichonse pachakudya chawo. Izi ndichifukwa chokhala kwawo. M'zipululu, sayenera kusankha, chifukwa chake amadya chilichonse chomwe angapeze. Chifukwa chake, mizu iliyonse yokumba imatha kukhala ngati gwero la zopatsa thanzi komanso gwero la chinyezi chochepa. Zipatso zonse ndi zipatso zomwe zimapezeka zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi fennecs ngati chakudya, koma mulibe ambiri m'zipululu, chifukwa chake si chakudya chachikulu cha nkhandwe. Mbali ina ya nyama ndiyoti imatha kukhala yopanda madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo imalandira madzi ofunikira kuchokera ku zipatso ndi zomera zomwe amadya.
Sizachabe kuti chilengedwe chapatsa fenniks makutu akulu chonchi. Pamodzi ndimakutu akumva bwino, amagwira timagulu tina tonse tomwe timapangidwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kwambiri ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono mumchenga kapena pansi panthaka, motero amazing'amba mwachangu kenako ndikutafuna.
Amakonda kudya:
- makoswe ang'onoang'ono (mbewa yolemetsa);
- abuluzi;
- anapiye.
Komanso, nyama imakonda kudya mazira. Nthawi zambiri Fenech amadya zotsalira za nyama ya wina ndi nyama zomwe zafa mwachilengedwe. Chakufa chimakhala chakudya chochuluka kwambiri, makamaka ngati zotsalira za nyama yayikulu zapezeka.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti: nkhandwe ya fennec imasunga chakudya chochulukirapo, koma mosiyana ndi agologolo omwewo, nkhandwe ya fennec imakumbukira bwino nkhokwe zake komanso malo ake.
Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Chithunzi: Sand fox Fenech
Fenki amakonda kusewera komanso chidwi. Koma nthawi yomweyo, amakhala osamala komanso obisalira. Masana, nthawi zambiri amakhala olimba komanso amakhala otakataka pafupifupi nthawi ya 15%, amakhala odekha komanso omasuka pafupifupi 20%, komanso nthawi yonse yomwe amagona mokwanira.
Zochita zomwe Fennec amakonda zimakhulupirira kuti kukumba maenje ndikudumpha. Mwachitsanzo, posaka, amatha kudumpha mpaka masentimita pafupifupi 70. Kuphatikiza apo, kutalika kwa kulumpha kwake kumatha kufikira mita imodzi ndi theka, zomwe ndizambiri zazing'ono zake.
Kusaka, monga zinthu zina zonse zofunika nyama, kumachitika makamaka usiku, kutentha kozungulira kumatsikira kuzikhalidwe zovomerezeka. Zina mwazinthu zomwe nkhandwe zam'chipululu zimatha kudziwika kuti ubweya wawo wokutira umateteza, ngakhale umateteza kuzizira, koma nkhandwe ya fennec imayamba kuzizira ngakhale pamadigiri 20 a kutentha, omwe amadziwikiratu chifukwa amayamba kunjenjemera ndi kuzizira. Fenech amayesa kusaka yekha.
Pofuna kuteteza ku dzuwa, nkhandwe ya Fennec imatha kukumba malo ogona atsopano usiku uliwonse. Amakumba mabowo mosavuta kotero kuti usiku wonse amatha kukumba ngalande mpaka mita sikisi popanda kuyesayesa kowoneka. Fenech amatha kudzikwilira mumchenga osati kungodziteteza ku dzuwa, komanso akawona zoopsa zilizonse. Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kudziika m'manda mwachangu kwambiri kotero kuti zimawoneka kuti chinyama chidangokhala pano, koma tsopano sichingapezeke, ngati kuti sichinali pomwepo. Amayang'ana kunja kwa timitengo tating'onoting'ono, choyamba amasuntha makutu awo, amamvetsera mwatcheru, amapumira mpweya, kenako pang'ono pang'ono amatuluka mumchenga.
Ali ndi masomphenya ausiku bwino kwambiri. Mphamvu zowonera zimawonjezeka chifukwa chakupezeka kwa diso lowala, lomwe limathandizira kuwunikira zinthu zomwe taziona. Usiku, kupenyerera kumafanana kwambiri ndi mphalapala, kupatula kuti amphaka tazolowera kuwona kuwala kobiriwira kuchokera m'maso, ndipo mu fennecs, maso amafiira ofiira.
Kakhalidwe ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Fennec nkhandwe
Ankhandwe a Fennec ndi nyama zocheza. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono mpaka anthu 10. Magulu amapangidwa kutengera mawonekedwe am'banja ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi banja limodzi lokwanira, ana awo osakhwima ndipo, nthawi zina, ana ena achikulire angapo omwe sanakhazikitse mabanja awo. Amuna odziwika kwambiri m'gululi amakodza pafupipafupi kuposa anthu ena onse. Ankhandwe achipululu amatetezera ndowe zawo ndi gawo lawo.
Fenkies ndi ochezeka kwambiri. Monga nyama zina zamagulu, zimagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo yolumikizirana - zowoneka komanso zogwirika, komanso, kununkhiza. Masewera ndi ofunikira kwambiri posunga utsogoleri ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu mgululi. Chikhalidwe cha masewerawa chimatha kusintha tsiku limodzi, komanso nyengo. Vocalization imapangidwa bwino kwambiri munyama. Onse akuluakulu ndi ana agalu, pofuna kulumikizana, amatha kumveka kulira, kumveka kofanana ndi kulira, amatha kukuwa, kukuwa, kukuwa komanso kukalipa. Kufuula kwa fennec ndikofupikitsa, koma mokweza.
Fenkies ndi nyama zokhazokha. Pakati pa nyengo yobereketsa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatenga masabata 4-6, amuna amakwiya kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amayamba kuwonetsa madera awo ndi mkodzo. Kubereka kumachitika kamodzi pachaka, makamaka mu Januware-February. Ngati ana amwalira pazifukwa zina, akulu amatha kuberekanso ana agalu, omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka ngati pali chakudya chochuluka.
Male fennecs ndi abambo abwino kwambiri. Amathandiza chachikazi kuteteza ana ake, koma wamkazi sawalola kuti akumane ndi ana agalu mpaka atayamba kusewera okha pafupi ndi khomo laphanga lawo. Izi zimachitika pafupifupi milungu isanu kapena isanu ndi umodzi yakubadwa. Yaimuna imabweretsa chakudya kubowola. Chifukwa chakuti chachikazi chimachita zankhanza komanso chimateteza ana ake kwa iye, champhongo sichimalowa m'phanga, koma chimasiya chakudya pafupi.
Nthawi yolimba ya fennecs imatha miyezi iwiri. Koma nthawi yomweyo mwa akazi estrus samakhala nthawi yayitali - masiku awiri okha. Mkazi amamvetsetsa kwa amuna zakukonzekera kwake kuswana ndi malo a mchira. Amamutengera pamalo opingasa mbali imodzi.
Adani achilengedwe a nkhandwe ya fennec
Chithunzi: Nkhandwe ya fennec yayitali
Fenkies ndi nyama zopusa komanso zopatsa chidwi, zomwe zimatsogolera zochitika zawo usiku. Kumtchire, alibe adani. Omwe angakhale adani awo ndi monga nkhandwe, afisi, ndi nkhandwe zamchenga, zomwe zimakhala mofanana ndi fennec. Koma zoopseza zawo sizikhala zachindunji. Kumva bwino kumalola a fennecs kuti azindikire wakunja pasadakhale ndikubisala pogona pawo.
Mdani wamkulu wa fennec ndi kadzidzi, yemwe, ngakhale kulimba ndi kuthamanga kwa fennec, amatha kusaka nkhandwe m'chipululu. Kadzidzi amauluka mwakachetechete, kotero amatha kunyamula kamwana kosayembekezera pafupi ndi dzenje, ngakhale makolo ake atakhala pafupi panthawiyo.
Komanso, mdani wa fennec amadziwika kuti ndi nthano ya m'chipululu - nyama yonyamayo, koma pali chitsimikiziro chokha chokha cha izi, popeza palibe aliyense mwa anthu omwe adawona mboni zakusaka kwake kwa fennec. M'malo mwake, adani okhawo enieni a nkhandwe m'chipululu ndi munthu amene amasaka ndi tiziromboti tating'onoting'ono, mwachitsanzo, helminths.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Chithunzi: African fox fennec
Udindo wamtunduwu pakadali pano ndiwomwe sukuda nkhawa. Chiwerengero cha ankhandwe m'chipululu m'chilengedwe sichinaganiziridwepo molondola ndi aliyense. Koma kuweruza kuti nyamayo imapezeka kangati, komanso kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amapezeka nthawi zonse ndi nzika zakomweko, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa ma fenkos ndikofunikira, ndipo anthu awo akhazikika. M'malo osungira nyama padziko lonse lapansi, pali anthu pafupifupi 300. Komanso, nyama zambiri zimasungidwa ngati ziweto.
Palibe zifukwa zazikulu zochepetsera ziweto zonse pakadali pano. Komabe, madera ozungulira chipululu cha Sahara, monga madera ena ambiri omwe kale anali opanda madzi, pang'onopang'ono akuyamba kulandidwanso ndi anthu, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo kwa anthu ena. Mwachitsanzo, kumwera kwa Morocco, m'malo omwe akumangapo midzi yatsopano nkhandwe fennec anasowa. Nyama zimayesedwa kusaka. Amapezeka makamaka chifukwa cha ubweya. Koma nthawi zambiri amagwidwa kuti akagulitsidwe ngati ziweto ku North America kapena ku Europe.
Tsiku lofalitsa: 27.02.2019
Tsiku losintha: 09/15/2019 nthawi ya 19:30
