American mink imayimira dongosolo la weasel, ili ndi ubweya wofunika, chifukwa chake imapezeka m'malo achilengedwe ndipo imasungidwa ndi anthu pazinthu zamakampani komanso monga ziweto.
Kufotokozera kwa mink yaku America
Mtundu wa mink uwu ndi wofanana ndi waku Europe, ngakhale ubale wapakati udakhazikitsidwa pakati pawo. "Amayi Achimereka" amatchedwa martens, ndipo "Azungu" amatchedwa olankhula ku Siberia.
Maonekedwe
Nyama yofanana ya mink... Thupi la minks yaku America limasinthasintha komanso ndilitali: mwa amuna limakhala pafupifupi masentimita 45, mwa akazi ndilocheperako. Kulemera ukufika 2 kg. Miyendo ndi yaifupi. Mchira umakula mpaka masentimita 25. Makutu ake ndi ozungulira, ang'onoang'ono. Maso amawalira ndi kuwala kofiira usiku. Mano ndi akuthwa kwambiri, titha kunena kuti ndi akulu. The kuipanikiza ndi elongated, chigaza ndi flattened. Ubweya wa monochrome umakhala ndi chovala chamkati chokhuthala, kuyambira utoto woyera mpaka pafupifupi wakuda.
Mwachilengedwe, mtundu wamtundu wamba umachokera ku bulauni yakuya mpaka kumdima. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kuchokera pachibale cha mitundu yaku Europe kumawonedwa ngati kukhalapo kwa kachitsotso koyera pachibwano, kufikira pakamwa pamunsi, koma chizindikiro ichi chimatha kusintha. Nthawi zina pamakhala mawanga oyera pachifuwa, pakhosi, m'mimba. Anthu okhala ndi mithunzi yachilendo ndi mitundu yopezeka m'chilengedwe atha kuwonetsa kuti iwo kapena makolo awo anali okhala m'mafamu aubweya, athawa kapena atulutsidwa kuthengo.
Moyo, machitidwe
Amakhala moyo wokhawokha, wokhala m'gawo lawo. Ntchito yayikulu imachitika usiku, koma nyengo yamvula, komanso chisanu choopsa usiku, amatha kukhala maso masana.
Minks amakhala ndi moyo wam'madzi wam'madzi, amakhala mdera lamapiri, m'mphepete mwa matupi amadzi, komwe amapanga maenje awo, nthawi zambiri amawachotsa mumisempha. Kutalika kwa malowa ndi pafupifupi 3 mita, ali ndi zipinda zingapo, kuphatikiza kuswana, ndi chimbudzi. Zitseko zina zili pansi pamtsinje, ndipo imodzi imalowera chakumtunda - ili ngati njira yodutsa m'mbali ndipo imathandiza kuti mpweya ukhale wabwino.
Madzi ozizira kwambiri amalimbikitsa nyama kutseka pakhomo ndi zofunda zowuma, ndi kutentha kwakukulu - kuti izitulutse ndi kupumula pamenepo. Mink imatha kukhala ndi nyumba zopitilira 5. Mink zaku America zitha kukhazikika pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu, mwina pali milandu yodziwika yoyandikira malo okhala anthu kwakanthawi. Ndipo ambiri ndi amodzi mwazinyama zolimba mtima komanso chidwi.
Ndizosangalatsa!Mu moyo wamba, amawoneka ovuta kwambiri, oyenda, akamayenda, amalumpha pang'ono, liwiro lawo limafika 20 km / h, koma mtunda wawufupi, amathanso kulumpha kutalika kwa thupi lawo kapena kupitilira apo, komanso kutalika kwa theka la mita. Kuvuta kusuntha kwa minks ndi chipale chofewa, chomwe, ngati chili chachikulu kuposa masentimita 15, chimakumba mabowo. Nthawi zambiri samakwera mitengo, pokhapokha akathawa zowopsa. Mosunthika muziyenda ming'alu ndi mabowo, m'malo opanda mitengo.
Amasambira bwino: pa liwiro la 1-1.5 km / h, amatha kukhala pansi pamadzi kwa mphindi 2-3. ndikusambira mpaka 30 m, ndikutsika mpaka kuya kwa mita 4. Chifukwa chakuti nembanemba zapakati pazala sizinakule bwino, zimagwiritsa ntchito thupi ndi mchira posambira, ndikupanga mayendedwe ofanana ndi mafunde. M'nyengo yozizira, kuti aumitse khungu potuluka m'madzi, mink amapukutira okha kwakanthawi pa chisanu, ndikukwawa pamsana ndi pamimba.
Malo osakira mink ndi ochepa m'derali ndipo amakhala m'mphepete mwa madzi; nthawi yotentha, mink imapita kukasaka mtunda wokwana 80 m kuchokera kuphanga, m'nyengo yozizira - yambiri komanso mkati. Gawoli lili ndi njira zingapo zokhazikika ndi malo okhala ndi fungo. Nthawi yodzaza ndi chakudya, mink yaku America imakhala yosagwira ntchito, yokhutira ndi kusaka mozungulira nyumba yake, ndipo pazaka zokhala ndi chakudya chosakwanira, imatha kuyendayenda, mpaka 5 km patsiku. Amakhazikika mdera latsopano kwa masiku angapo, kenako amapitilizabe. Pakukhazikika kwachilengedwe komanso m'nyengo yokwanira, imatha kuyenda kwambiri ndipo imatha kuyenda mtunda wamakilomita 30, makamaka amuna.
Polumikizana, zizindikiro (zonunkhira) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka. Gawoli limadziwika ndi ndowe zokhala ndi zotsekemera zonunkhira, komanso kukangana ndi gawo la mmero ndi zotulutsa kuchokera kummero wammero. Chifukwa cha kusawona bwino, amadalira kwambiri kununkhiza. Amawomba kawiri pachaka. Samabisala, koma amatha kugona m'manda mwawo kwa masiku angapo motsatira nyengo yozizira yayitali komanso yotentha kwambiri.
Ndi mink zingati zomwe zimakhala
Kutalika kwa moyo mu ukapolo kumakhala zaka 10, mwachilengedwe zaka 4-6.
Zoyipa zakugonana
Kusiyanitsa pakati pa amuna ndi akazi kumawonetsedwa kukula: kutalika kwa thupi ndi kulemera kwake kwamwamuna kuli pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwamagawo atatu achikazi. Chigoba champhongo chimakhalanso chachikulu kuposa chachikazi kutalika kwa condylobasal. Iwo ali osiyana kwambiri ndi mtundu.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Malo achilengedwe komanso achilengedwe amtunduwu wa mustelids ndi nkhalango komanso nkhalango zam'mwera ku North America.... Kuyambira zaka za m'ma 30. adayambitsidwa kudera la Europe la Eurasia ndipo kuyambira pamenepo adakhala ndi madera ambiri, omwe, komabe, amagawanika. Mink yodziwika bwino yaku America yakhala pafupifupi madera onse aku Europe a kontinentiyo, Caucasus, Siberia, Far East, North Asia, kuphatikiza Japan. Madera osiyana amapezeka ku England, ku Scandinavia Peninsula, ku Germany.
Imakonda kukhazikika m'mabowo m'mbali mwa nkhalango pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, imasunga mitsinje yamadzi yatsopano - mitsinje, madambo ndi nyanja, ndi gombe la nyanja. M'nyengo yozizira, imamatira kumadera opanda kuzizira. Imapikisana bwino kwambiri m'malo okhala osati kokha ndi mink yaku Europe, chifukwa imatha kukhala kumpoto komanso koyipa, komanso ndi otter, yopambana yomalizira munyengo yozizira komanso kusowa kwa anthu okhala m'madzi omwe amadyedwa ndi onse, pomwe mink imatha kusintha modekha makoswe kumtunda. Pogawa gawo ndi otter, limakhazikika kumtunda kuposa otter. "Waku America" amamuchitira nkhanzazi mwankhanza kwambiri - m'malo ena omalizirawo asowa kwawo kwathunthu.
Zakudya zaku mink zaku America
Minks ndi odyetsa, amadyetsa kanayi mpaka kasanu ndi kamodzi patsiku, makamaka m'mawa ndi madzulo. Amakonda kudya: zakudya zimaphatikizapo ma crustaceans omwe amawakonda, komanso tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta m'madzi. Nsomba, makoswe onga mbewa, mbalame ndiye ambiri mwa zakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, akalulu, ma molluscs osiyanasiyana, mavuvi apadziko lapansi komanso mbalame zazing'ono zam'madzi ndi agologolo amadyedwa.
Ndizosangalatsa!Amatha kudya nyama zakufa. Ndiponso - kuwononga zisa za mbalame. Tsiku limodzi, amatha kumeza chakudya chochuluka, cholemera kotala mwai wawo.
Nyama zowonongekazi zimasungira nyengo yozizira m'mabowo awo. Pakakhala kusowa kwa chakudya, amatha kuwononga mbalame zoweta: nkhuku khumi ndi ziwiri ndi abakha zitha kugwera m'modzi mwa zoterezi. Koma nthawi zambiri kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira - koyambirira kwa nyengo yozizira, minks amanenepa bwino mafuta.
Kubereka ndi ana
Mtundu uwu umakhala wamitala: wamkazi ndi wamwamuna amatha kukwatirana ndi zibwenzi zingapo nthawi yakumasirana... Malo okhala abambo amatenga malo azimayi angapo. Mink yaku America imayamba kuyambira kumapeto kwa February mpaka koyambirira kwa Epulo. Nthawi imeneyi, imakhala yogwira pafupifupi usana ndi usiku, imakhala yovuta, imayenda m'njira zambiri. Amuna panthawiyi nthawi zambiri amakangana.
Chisa cha ana cha "Amereka" chitha kukonzedwa mu thunthu lakugwa kapena pamizu yamtengo. Chipinda chodyera chiyenera kukhala ndi udzu wouma kapena masamba, moss. Mimba imatenga masiku 36-80, ndikuchedwa kwa masabata 1-7. Ana amatha kubadwa mwa ana mpaka khumi kapena kuposerapo. Ana agalu obadwa kumene amayeza 7 mpaka 14 g, kutalika kwa 55 mpaka 80 mm. Ana amabadwa akhungu, opanda mano, ngalande zawo zomvera zatsekedwa. Maso a norchat amatha kutseguka masiku 29-38, amayamba kumva masiku 23-27.
Pakubadwa, ana agalu amakhala opanda ubweya; zimawoneka kumapeto kwa sabata lachisanu la moyo wawo. Mpaka miyezi 1.5, alibe kutentha thupi, motero mayi samachoka pachisa nthawi zambiri. Kupanda kutero, nthawi ya hypothermia, ana agaluwo amalira, ndipo kutentha kwa 10-12 ° C amakhala chete, ndikugwera munthawi yowopsa yomwe imagwera patali. Kutentha kukakwera, amakhala ndi moyo.
Atakwanitsa mwezi umodzi, amatha kupanga zibowo kunja kwa dzenje, kuyesa kudya chakudya chobweretsedwacho ndi mayi. Mkaka wa m'mawere umatha miyezi 2-2.5. Ali ndi miyezi itatu, achinyamata amayamba kuphunzira kusaka kwa amayi awo. Amayi amakula msinkhu ndi miyezi inayi, amuna - ndi chaka. Komabe, ana amadyetsa amayi awo mpaka masika. Kukula msinkhu kwa akazi kumachitika mchaka chimodzi, ndipo mwa amuna - mchaka ndi theka.
Adani achilengedwe
Palibe nyama zambiri m'chilengedwe zomwe zitha kuvulaza mink yaku America. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi chitetezo chachilengedwe: ma gland a anal, omwe amatulutsa fungo loteteza pakagwa ngozi.
Ndizosangalatsa!Nkhandwe, Arza, Siberia weasel, lynx, agalu, zimbalangondo ndi mbalame zazikulu zodya nyama zitha kukhala pachiwopsezo ku mink. Nthawi zina amalowa m'mano a nkhandwe ndi nkhandwe.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Mink yaku America ndimasewera ofunikira chifukwa cha ubweya wake... Komabe, ndichofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu monga chinthu cholimidwa. Mitunduyi imakhala ndi anthu ambiri kuthengo, anthu ndi ambiri, chifukwa chake samayambitsa nkhawa ndipo satetezedwa ndi International Red Book.
M'mayiko ambiri, mink yaku America yatchuka kwambiri kwakuti yapangitsa kuti anthu ena, achiaborijini azimiririka. Chifukwa chake, Finland, ngakhale ikukula kwambiri pakupanga nyama iyi, ikuda nkhawa ndi kuchuluka kwake kwakufalikira kwake, kuwopa kuwonongeka kwa nzika zina za nyama zomwe zikukhala mderali.
Zochita zaumunthu zomwe zimabweretsa kusintha m'mphepete mwa nyanja zamadzi, kuchepa kwa chakudya, komanso kuwonekera kwa anthu m'malo omwe amakhala mink, kumawakakamiza kuti asamuke kukafunafuna madera ena, omwe angakhudze kuchuluka kwa anthu m'malire a madera ena.
