Ambiri omwe ali ndi ziweto zosungunula posachedwa amakumana ndi funso loti adyetse chiweto chawo? Kodi ndizotheka kuti amphaka azikhala ndi nyama yaiwisi, zoopsa zake ndi zabwino zake, tidzazindikira m'nkhaniyo.
Mfundo zoyenera kudya
Kodi amphaka angadye chiyani? Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zingakwaniritse zosowa zonse za thupi? Amphaka ndi gulu la nyama zodyera zomwe menyu ayenera kuphatikiza zakudya zokwanira mu nyama ndi mapuloteni a nsomba, amino acid (monga taurine kapena arginine omwe amapezeka mu nsomba ndi nyama), mafuta acid, mavitamini ndi mchere. Kupezeka kokwanira kwa madzi oyera ndikofunikanso.
Zakudya zamadzimadzi monga mpunga ndi chimanga zitha kupindulitsa katsamba kanu pang'ono, koma simukusowa zambiri. Amapereka chiweto ndi mphamvu zathanzi ndikuthandizira kuchepetsa mtengo wazakudya zapanyumba.
Kaya mupatse mphaka nyama yaiwisi
Pali zokambirana zambiri pazabwino ndi zoyipa za nkhaniyi. Nyama yaiwisi imatha kukhala chakudya chabwino cha mphaka, koma mtundu wake uyenera kukhala wabwino, ndipo gawo lina la menyu ndi lomwe liyenera kutenga gawo la nyama.... Zakudya zosaphika zimayandikira kwambiri zakudya zamphaka zachilengedwe. Mosiyana ndi kudya chakudya chouma, ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe, chinyama chimatha kuyendetsa bwino madzi okwanira, omwe amalola kuti adziteteze ku chitukuko cha urolithiasis. Amuna ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu pankhaniyi, chifukwa amakhala ndi mkodzo wocheperako, womwe ungathe kutsekedwa mosavuta ndi timibulu ting'onoting'ono kapena miyala, ndikupangitsa kukodza kukhala kovuta kapena kosatheka. Ndipo izi ndi zomwe zimawopseza moyo zomwe zimafunikira chisamaliro chofulumira cha ziweto.
Komanso kudya nyama yachilengedwe ndikuwonjezera mafupa osaphika kumakupatsani mwayi wowongolera thanzi pakamwa pa nyama. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, chakudya chogulitsidwa ndi chakudya chodyera kwambiri nthaŵi zambiri chimasunga mafuta ochuluka. Kunenepa kwambiri ndi vuto lomwe likukula kuposa amphaka 50% ku Australia, UK ndi US. Pali zoopsa zazikulu zokhudzana ndi izi. Mwambiri, pali zabwino zambiri. Ponena za chiwonongeko, tiyeni tikambirane.
Mikangano yotsutsana ndi nyama yaiwisi mu chakudya cha paka:
- kuipitsidwa kwa bakiteriya, makamaka kuthekera kwa matenda a salmonellosis ndi ena;
- chiwopsezo chowonjezeka chophatikiza matenda opatsirana;
- kusowa chidziwitso choyenera cha kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi zikhalidwe za zosowa za nyama pazofunikira za thupi;
- kuthekera kwa kusowa kwa michere yofunikira pakudya nyama ngati chinthu chodziyimira pawokha chodyera;
- mtengo wokwera komanso mtengo wa nthawi, komanso zovuta chifukwa chakuti mankhwalawa sangasiyidwe ku mphaka kuti adzawagwiritse ntchito mtsogolo, mwachitsanzo, pakuchoka kwa eni ake;
- Kuperewera kwa kuwongolera koyenera pamakonzedwe ndi kapangidwe kazinthu zanyama kumapangitsa kuti azitha kulakwitsa komanso kunyalanyaza.
Mikangano ya nyama yaiwisi mu chakudya cha paka:
- ndichinthu chachilengedwe, chodyera mwachilengedwe chomwe chimafunikira kwa nyama zodya nyama;
- kuyang'anira mokwanira bwino kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zosakaniza pamenyu, kuchepetsa mwayi wa kuipitsidwa ndi zinthu zakunja, komanso kuwonjezera zosavulaza zowopsa, zomwe sizingatheke ndi kugula chakudya chouma kapena chakudya chokhazikitsidwa m'mzitini;
- ngati mphaka uli ndi vuto la zakudya zina, ndizosavuta kuyang'anira zakudya zake ngati mutasankha zosakaniza za menyu nokha;
- nyama yachilengedwe pamfupa ithandizira kusunga mano a nyama;
- komanso, zakudya zachilengedwe zamtundu wa nyama zitha kukhala zotsika mtengo kuposa zosakaniza zofananira za analogue potengera zosakaniza.
Ogwira ntchito zanyama zambiri, akatswiri pantchito yawo amaumirira kuti alowetse zakudya zachilengedwe pazakudya za ziweto, makamaka zakudya zosaphika. Amphaka ndi odziwika kuti amadya nyama, zolusa mwachilengedwe, matupi awo amatha kusinthidwa kuti azidya nyama yaiwisi... Kuonjezera chakudya ndi mankhwalawa kuli ndi zabwino komanso zoyipa, kumabweretsa zabwino komanso zoopsa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo ndiamwini okha omwe angapange chisankho chofunikira.
Ndi nyama iti yomwe imaloledwa kapena yosaloledwa
Pali nyama zambiri zomwe zitha kudyetsedwa mphaka. Momwemo, ziyenera kukhala zosiyanasiyana, zachilengedwe komanso zopanda mankhwala owonjezera. Kudya nyama yamtundu womwewo, ngakhale mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri, kutha kubweretsa kusowa kwa michere.
Mitundu ya nyama yaiwisi yoyenera kudyetsa amphaka:
- yaiwisi ya nkhuku kapena ntchafu;
- Mitengo yayikulu ya steak (zosankha zotsika mtengo komanso zopatsa chidwi zimapindulitsa chimbudzi chanyama ndi mkhalidwe wa nkhama ndi mano ake);
- zidutswa za kalulu;
- Miyendo, mapiko, kapena bere
- khosi nkhuku kapena mapiko ndi abwino kwambiri pa ukhondo wamano;
- ng'ombe, impso kapena mwanawankhosa impso.
Chinthu chachikulu posankha chakudya sikuti mugwiritse ntchito chiweto chanu ngati chotaya zinyalala. Simungathe kudyetsa nyama ndi zakudya zowonongedwa, ndizoopsa kwa iye monga anthu. Nthawi yomweyo, chinthu chosagwiritsika ntchito sichiyenera kununkhiza komanso kuwoneka chosasangalatsa. Pofuna kuwongolera kutsopanako, muyenera kudziwa madeti omwe akupezeka. Muyeneranso kudyetsa mphaka ndi zinthu zopangidwa m'sitolo zopangidwa kale, monga ham, soseji ndi ena. Chakudya choterechi chimakhala ndi mchere wambiri, zonunkhira komanso zosafunika zina zomwe sizili zofunikira ku thupi la feline.
Ndizosangalatsa!Chiwindi cha ng'ombe kapena mwanawankhosa chimatha kudyetsanso amphaka, koma pang'ono chabe. Chiwindi chimakhala ndi vitamini A wambiri, ndipo zochulukirapo zimatha kuyambitsa toxicosis. Ngati masewera ali pamndandanda, ayenera kuthandizidwa ndi kutentha kwanthawi yayitali.
Chifukwa chiyani nyama yaiwisi ndiyowopsa, momwe mungatetezere
Pali mavuto atatu akulu omwe amadikirira nyama yachilengedwe... Awa ndi kuipitsidwa kwa mabakiteriya, majeremusi, ndi kusalinganika kwa zakudya. Zonsezi zitha kukhala zowopsa kwa chiweto. Kupha poizoni pakudya ndikotheka ngati mabakiteriya a pathogen amakula.
Komanso, nyama imatha kudwala ndi toxoplasmosis, yomwe imayambitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe timakhudza nyama zingapo zamagazi. Amphaka ndiwo omwe amakhala omvera kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti tizilomboto titha kuberekana mthupi lawo. Amatenga kachilomboka pogwiritsa ntchito nyama zakutchire kapena nyama yomwe ili ndi zotupa.
Komanso, matenda amatha kupezeka mukamadya zotupa zomwe zili mchimbudzi cha nyama yodwala. Matenda amphaka samayambitsa zizindikiro zilizonse, komabe, matendawa amatha kuyambitsa zofooka m'mimba mwa mayi ngati mayi atenga kachilombo panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati.
Ziphuphu zotchedwa toxoplasma cysts zitha kuphedwa ndi kuzizira pamafunde osapitirira -12 digiri Celsius masiku awiri. Ngati mukufuna kutenga pakati kapena muli ndi pakati kale, pitani kuchipatala kapena dokotala wanu kuti mukapimidwe. Ndikofunikanso kutsatira zina zowonjezera - kusamutsa udindo wodyetsa ndi kuyeretsa zinyalala kwa wina m'banja.
Zofunika!Trichinosis, nyongolotsi ya parasitic, imayambitsa amphaka akamadya nyama yomwe ili ndi zotupa zokhala ndi mphutsi za tiziromboti. Matenda ambiri amabwera chifukwa chodya nyama ya nkhumba yaiwisi kapena makoswe amtchire. Mwamwayi, njira zamakono zaulimi zathetsa mwayi wopezeka mu nkhumba.
Kuperewera kwa michere mu chakudya chamagulu ndi vuto linanso ndi izi. Taurine ndi amino acid wofunikira omwe amapezeka m'nyanja, nyama (makamaka mtima), mazira, ndi yisiti ya brewer. Kuphika kumaphwanya izi, ndichifukwa chake ena okhala ndi ziweto amawonjezera zakudya zosaphika ndi taurine. Kukula kwa mphaka kumafuna pafupifupi 250 mg ya taurine patsiku. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa sikungatheke, chifukwa kumatulutsidwa mosavuta ndi thupi mkodzo.
Calcium - mchere wofunikira womwe umayambitsa ndikupangitsa kuti mafupa ndi mano akhale olimba, kufalikira kwa zikhumbo zamitsempha, kugwira ntchito kwa minyewa, kugwetsa magazi ndi ntchito ya enzyme. Kalasiamu yambiri m'thupi la mphaka imasungidwa m'mafupa. Kumtchire, adazipeza mwa kudya mafupa a nyama zawo. Mukamadya nyama yaiwisi, chinyama sichimalandira calcium ndipo chimafunika kuchipeza kunja. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera zakudya zotere kuwonjezera mafupa kapena yaiwisi.
Vitamini E Ndi chakudya chosungunuka ndi mafuta chomwe chimadziwika chifukwa cha zida zake za antioxidant komanso kuthekera koteteza maselo ku zopitilira muyeso zaulere. Zimalimbikitsanso chitetezo cha mthupi ndikuchepetsa kutupa. Vitamini E imapezeka munyama, koma nsomba zambiri zosaphika pazosankhazo zimasokoneza kuyamwa.
Amphaka ali ndi mafupikfupi m'mimba, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nyama imadutsa msanga msanga msanga. Amatulutsanso asidi wam'mimba, yemwe amawononga mapuloteni ndikupha mabakiteriya. Komabe, nthawi zonse pamakhala zoopsa za kuipitsidwa kwa mabakiteriya mumitundu yonse ya chakudya, osati nyama yokha, komanso masamba ndi zipatso, komanso zakudya zopangidwa ngati sizinakonzedwe bwino kapena kusungidwa. Kusamala kumathandiza kuchepetsa mphaka wanu kuti adwale pakudya nyama yaiwisi.
Kuzizira nyama kwa maola 24 kumatha kupha tiziromboti... Mukasungunuka, imachotsedwa mufiriji ndikuzizira mpaka itaphika mufiriji, koma osati kutentha.
Malamulo achitetezo akuti: yesetsani kuletsa kusaka mphaka wanu, nyama zomwe zingathe kukhala zamtchire monga mbewa ndi makoswe zitha kupatsirana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi zina zotero. M'malo mokonza nyama yokonzedwa bwino, ndibwino kugula chidutswa cha nyama, kenako nkudzipukusa nokha musanapereke. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mabakiteriya amakhala pamwamba pa mankhwalawo, ndikupera kumawafalitsa mu kusakaniza konse, ndikuchulukitsa kubereka.
Musatenge zinthu zotsika mtengo, mugule kwa opanga odalirika, ophika nyama, musatenge nyama ikamatuluka kapena ikaphulika. Dyetsani mphaka wanu nyama yaiwisi yambiri yomwe imatha kutaya osaposa mphindi 20. Osadula nyama yaiwisi ndi zakudya zophika pa bolodi lomwelo. Osasunga nyama yaiwisi ndi yophika pa mbale yomweyo. Kutentha kosungirako sikuyenera kupitirira 5C. Onetsetsani masiku opangira. Monga lamulo, nkhuku kapena nyama yosungunuka imasungidwa kwa masiku 1-2, ndi ng'ombe yamasiku atatu (pokhapokha zitaperekedwa ndi tsiku lomwe mumamwa).
Zithandizanso kuti mudziwe:
- kodi mphaka ungadye mbewa
- amphaka amatha kupereka mazira
- amphaka angapatsidwe nsomba
Sitiyenera kuiwala kuti nyama zokhazokha monga Turkey, nkhuku, mwanawankhosa kapena ng'ombe ndizotetezeka. Kalulu wamtchire, nyama zam'mimba, nyama zina ndi nkhumba ziyenera kuphikidwa. Pazifukwa zopewera, mutha kuzizira nyama iliyonse kwakanthawi kwa masabata 1 mpaka 2, kenako kuyisungunula mufiriji. Pakakhala zoopsa zambiri, ndikofunika kuteteza osati nyamayo yokha komanso inunso. Ndikofunika kusamba m'manja, mbale ndi zotengera bwino mukatha kukhudzana ndi nyama yaiwisi.
Kodi paka ayenera kupatsidwa nyama yaiwisi kangati?
Pankhaniyi, kupanga mosamala zakudya ndikofunikira. Kusalondola kumatha kubweretsa kusowa kapena bongo wowopsa. Chakudya chachikulu cha nyama chikuyenera kupatsidwa mavitamini owonjezera ndipo, makamaka, ndi taurine, amino acid, omwe, monga tanenera kale, ndiofunikira kwambiri pakudya kwamphaka. Chiwerengero chapadera ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka zinthu zanyama zimakhazikitsidwa molingana ndi mawonekedwe amphaka, kulemera, mtundu, kugonana, magwiridwe antchito, ndi zina zambiri. Pafupifupi, kuchuluka kwa nyama zamasiku onse ziyenera kukhala 75%, voliyumu yonse imatha kudzazidwa ndi nyama yabwinobwino. Otsala 25% ndiwo ndiwo zamasamba ndi chimanga.
Kaya muphatikize yaiwisi ndi yophika
Nyama yophika imatha kuwonjezera pazosankha zazikulu za paka wanu.... Komabe, palibe chifukwa choti mumupatse mafupa owiritsa, ndi osalimba kwambiri, atha kuvulaza kholingo ndi pakamwa pa nyama ndi zidutswa. Monga tanenera, kuphika kumawononga taurine, komwe ndikofunikira pathanzi lanu. Ngati mwasankha kuphika nyama, muyenera kuyisakaniza ndi taurine, kapena kuphatikiza ndi zinthu zomwe zili mumndandanda.
Kodi amphaka onse amatha kudya nyama yaiwisi?
Pakatikati mwawo, amphaka onse ndi osaka nyama komanso odya nyama. Kupatula kungakhale nyama yokhala ndi matenda am'mimba panthawi yopitilira muyeso.
