Mbalame zachikondi (lat. Genus Lovebirds imayimilidwa ndi ma subspecies angapo ndipo ndi amodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri pakati pa mafani ambiri amitundu yazinyama zamitundumitundu.
Kufotokozera kwa parrot mbalame yachikondi
Malinga ndi mtundu wamakono, mtundu wa Lovebird umaimiridwa ndi subspecies zisanu ndi zinayi zazikulu, zomwe zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Kuyambira kale, mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zoterezi nthawi zambiri ankazitcha mbalame zachikondi, chifukwa ankakhulupirira kuti mbalame imodzi ikafa, yachiwiriyo imwalira posachedwa ndi chisoni komanso kulakalaka.
Maonekedwe
Mbalame zachikondi zili m'gulu la mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zapakatikati, zomwe kutalika kwake kumakhala kosiyanasiyana pakati pa 10-17 cm... Kukula kwa phiko la munthu wamkulu sikupitirira 40 mm, ndipo gawo la mchira lili pafupifupi 60 mm. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa mbalame wamkulu kumakhala mkati mwa 40-60 g. Mutu wa mitundu iyi ya mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe ndi wokulirapo.
Ndizosangalatsa! Mtundu wa nthenga nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira kapena zobiriwira, koma mbali zina za thupi, mchira wapamwamba ndi chifuwa, mutu ndi khosi, komanso pakhosi, mitundu ina imakhala yodziwika, kuphatikiza pinki, yofiira, yabuluu, yachikasu ndi mitundu ina.
Mlomo wa Budgerigar ndi wandiweyani komanso wolimba kwambiri, womwe umakhala wopindika. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndi mulomo wake, mbalame yayikulu imatha kuvulaza ndi kuvulaza anthu ngakhale nyama zazikulu. Mtundu wa milomo ina ya subspecies ndi yofiira kwambiri, pomwe ina imakhala yachikasu. Mchira ndi waufupi komanso wozungulira. Miyendo ya mbalameyi ndi yaifupi, koma izi siziteteza kuti mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zisamavutike kwambiri osati kungothamanga pansi, komanso kukwera mitengo mwachangu.
Moyo ndi machitidwe
Mumikhalidwe yachilengedwe, mbalame zachikondi zimakonda kukhazikika m'nkhalango zam'malo otentha komanso nkhalango zotentha, koma subspecies zamapiri ndi steppe zimadziwikanso. Ma Parrot azolowera moyo wokonda kucheza, ndipo m'malo awo achilengedwe amakhala othamanga, othamanga komanso othamanga bwino. Usiku, mbalame zimakhazikika m'mitengo, pomwe zimapuma panthambi kapena kugona, zikugwira nthambi zazing'ono kwambiri. Nthawi zina, ndewu komanso mikangano imabuka pakati pa mapaketi angapo.
Zofunika! Ndikofunika kuti muyambe kuphunzitsa zolankhula za mbalame zachikondi kuyambira msinkhu wa mwezi umodzi, ndipo mbalame zazikulu sizimapezeka. Mwa zina, mosiyana ndi budgerigar, mbalame yachikondi imatenga nthawi yayitali kuti iloweza mawu.
Chodandaula chachikulu cha okonda mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zoweta, mbalame zachikondi ndizovuta kuziphunzitsa, chifukwa chake mbalame yolankhula yamtunduwu ndiyosowa. Mukasunga mbalame zachikondi ziwiriziwiri kapena m'magulu, sizigwira ntchito konse kuti mbalame zizilankhula.
Komabe, mbalame zina zachikondi zimatha kuyankhula, chifukwa chake, molimbika komanso modekha kwa eni ake, atha kuphunzira mawu pafupifupi khumi kapena khumi ndi asanu. Mbalame zachikondi zimakonda kucheza, amadziwika ndi kudzipereka, ndipo zimatha kukhala zotopetsa mukakhala nokha.
Kodi mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe za mbalame zamtundu wa mbalame zimakhala bwanji?
Mbalame zachikondi ndi mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe zazing'ono, choncho moyo wa mbalamezi ndi waufupi kwambiri. Ngati chiweto chimapatsidwa chisamaliro choyenera, komanso chisamaliro chabwino, ndiye kuti mbalame yachikondi imatha kukhala zaka khumi mpaka khumi ndi zisanu.
Mitundu ya parrot ya mbalame za lovebird
Mbalame zachikondi zama subspecies osiyanasiyana zimafanana kukula, machitidwe ndi mawonekedwe, komanso zimakhala ndi zosiyana:
- Mbalame zachikondi zojambulidwa (Agarnis swindérniаnus). Mbalame yaying'ono yokhala ndi thupi mpaka masentimita 13 kukula ndi mchira mpaka 3 cm.Mtundu wa nthenga zazikulu ndizobiriwira ndikupezeka kwa "mkanda" wa lalanje pakhosi lakuda. Chifuwa ndi chachikasu ndipo mchira wakumtunda ndi ultramarine kapena mtundu wabuluu. Mlomo wa mbalame yotere ndi wakuda;
- Mbalame zachikondi za Liliana (Agarnis lilianae). Kukula kwa thupi sikupitilira masentimita 13-15, ndipo mtunduwo umafanana ndi mbalame zachikopa za masaya, koma ndimitundu yowala pamutu ndi pakhosi. Mbali yayikulu kumtunda kwa thupi ndi yobiriwira, ndipo kumunsi kumakhala kowoneka bwino. Mlomo ndi wofiira. Maganizo azakugonana kulibe;
- Mbalame zachikondi zobisika (Agarnis personatus). Kutalika kwa thupi la mbalameyi ndi 15 cm, ndipo mchira ndi 40 mm. Subpecies amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wokongola kwambiri komanso wowala. Dera lakumbuyo, pamimba, mapiko ndi mchira ndilobiriwira, mutu wake ndi wakuda kapena wonyezimira. Nthenga zazikulu ndi zachikasu-chikasu. Mlomo ndi wofiira, ndipo kulibe mawonekedwe azakugonana;
- Mbalame zachikondi zofiira nkhope (Agarnis pullarius). Wamkulu samapitilira masentimita 15 ndi mchira kukula mkati mwa masentimita 5. Mtundu waukulu ndi wobiriwira wobiriwira, ndipo pakhosi ndi masaya, ziwalo za occipital ndi zakutsogolo zimakhala ndi mtundu wonyezimira wa lalanje. Akazi amadziwika ndi mutu wa lalanje komanso mtundu wachikasu wobiriwira;
- Mbalame zachikondi zapinki (Agarnis roseicolis). Kutalika kwathunthu kwa thupi sikupitilira masentimita 17 ndi mapiko kukula kwa masentimita 10 ndi kulemera kwa 40-60 g Mtunduwo ndi wokongola kwambiri, mumayendedwe obiriwira obiriwira okhala ndi utoto wabuluu. Masaya ndi mmero zimakhala zapinki ndipo chipumi ndi chofiira. Mlomo umadziwika ndi utoto wachikaso. Mkazi ndi wokulirapo pang'ono kuposa wamwamuna, koma osati wowala kwambiri;
- Mbalame zachikondi zaimvi (Agapornis canus). Ma parrot ang'ono osapitilira masentimita 14. Mtundu wa nthenga ndizobiriwira, ndipo chifuwa chapamwamba, mutu ndi khosi laimuna ndizotuwa pang'ono. Mitengo ya mbalameyi ndi yakuda kwambiri. Mlomo ndi wotuwa pang'ono. Mutu wamkazi ndi wobiriwira-wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira;
- Mbalame zachikondi za Fischer (Agarnis fischeri). Mbalameyi siyoposa masentimita 15 ndipo imalemera magalamu 42-58. Mtundu wa nthenga ndi wobiriwira kwambiri, uli ndi mchira wakuda wabuluu komanso mutu wachikaso wa lalanje. Zoyipa zakugonana sizipezeka konse;
- Mbalame zachikondi zamapiko akuda (Agarnis taranta). Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri. Kukula kwa wamkulu woyimira mtunduwo ndi masentimita 17. Mtunduwo ndi wobiriwira wobiriwira. Mlomo, pamphumi ndi m'malire mozungulira maso ndi ofiira kwambiri. Mutu wa mkazi ndi wobiriwira;
- Mbalame zachikondi zamasaya akuda (Agarornis nigrigenis). Kuwoneka kokongola kwambiri ndi mbalame mpaka kukula kwa masentimita 14. Pali kufanana kwakunja ndi mbalame yachikondi yobisa, ndipo kusiyana kumayimiriridwa ndi utoto wa nthenga pamutu komanso kupezeka kwa utoto wofiirira-lalanje pachifuwa chapamwamba.
Kuphatikiza pakusiyana kwakunja, ma subspecies onse omwe ndi nthumwi za mtundu wa Lovebirds amasiyana mdera lawo komanso malo omwe amakhala.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Mbalame zachikondi za nkhope zofiira zimakhala ku Sierra Leone, Ethiopia ndi Tanzania, komanso pachilumba cha Sao Tome, komwe nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo ang'onoang'ono m'mphepete mwa nkhalango. Mbalame zachikondi zokhala ndi nkhope zapinki zimakhala ku Angola ndi South Africa, komanso ku Namibia. Mbalame zachikondi zaimvi zimakhazikika m'nkhalango, m'minda ya kanjedza ndi minda yazipatso m'zilumba za Madagascar ndi Seychelles, komanso Zanzibar ndi Mauritius.
Mbalame zachikondi za Fisher zimakhala ku savannah kumpoto kwa Tanzania, komanso pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Victoria. Mbalame zachikondi zamapiko akuda zimakhala ku Eritrea ndi Ethiopia, komwe amakhala m'mapiri a mapiri.
Oimira subspecies mbalame zachikondi zakuda zakuda amakhala kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Zambia, ndipo mbalame zachikondi za Collared zimakhala ku West ndi Central Africa. Subpecies Lovebird Liliana amakhala m'misasa ya mthethe kum'mawa kwa Zambia, kumpoto kwa Mozambique ndi kumwera kwa Tanzania. Mbalame zachikondi zobisika amapezeka ambiri ku Kenya ndi Tanzania.
Kukonza mbalame za Lovebird
Kusamalira mbalame zachikondi kunyumba ndikosavuta kuphunzira... Makamaka ayenera kulipidwa pamakonzedwe a khola ndikudzazidwa kwake, komanso njira zodzitetezera komanso kapangidwe kake ka chakudya cha nyama yamphongo.
Kugula parrot mbalame yachikondi - maupangiri
Mukamasankha mbalame zachikondi, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti popita kwa anthu, ngakhale mbalame zodwala kwambiri zimatha kugwira ntchito kwakanthawi, chifukwa chake zimatha kupereka chithunzi cha anthu athanzi. Ndibwino kuti akatswiri osadziwa zambiri a mbalame zosowa agwiritse ntchito oyang'anira mbalame posankha. Mbalame yachikondi yogulidwa kuti isungire nyumba iyenera kukhala yosangalala komanso yosangalala, komanso kukhala ndi nthenga zonyezimira komanso zowala. Kuphatikiza apo, mawonekedwe a chiweto chathanzi amaperekedwa:
- nthenga zomwe zimagwirizana bwino ndi thupi;
- Nthenga zosalimba, zosamata mozungulira cloaca;
- mafuta owonda, koma owoneka bwino ochepera m'mimba;
- sonorous, opanda mawu amawu;
- milomo yolimba yokhota kumapeto komanso yolimba;
- miyendo yofanana;
- kusowa kwa mawanga ndi kukula, komanso kupalasa paws;
- zikhadabo zonyezimira;
- maso owala komanso owala.
Mbalame zazing'ono, mpaka zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, sizowala kwambiri komanso zowoneka bwino. Pokhapokha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mbalame zachikondi zitatsanulidwa koyamba ndikupeza utoto wokongola. Sikoyenera kwenikweni kugula mbalame m'misika kapena m'masitolo okayikitsa, omwe amagulitsa odwala ndi achikulire, komanso anthu ofooka.
Zidzakhalanso zosangalatsa:
- Ma Parrot achifumu
- Mbalame zotchedwa kakariki (Cyanoramphus)
- Parrot Amazon
- Chotupa cha Rosella (Platycercus)
Akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito amalangiza kugula mbalame kuchokera kwa oweta omwe atsimikiziridwa komanso odziwika bwino omwe akhala akupanga mbalame zosowa kwanthawi yayitali.
Cell chipangizo, kudzazidwa
Khola la mbalame zachikondi liyenera kusankhidwa lalikulu, lomwe limalola kuti parrotyo iwongole mapiko ake. Njira yabwino kwambiri ingakhale khola lokutidwa ndi faifi tambala, lomwe limakwaniritsidwa ndi zinthu zopangidwa ngati pulasitiki ndi magalasi. Ndibwino kuti mupewe kugula zitini za zinc ndi zamkuwa ndi lead, bamboo ndi mitengo. Zitsulozi ndizowopsa kwa mbalame zachikondi, ndipo mitengo ndi nsungwi ndizopanda ukhondo komanso zopangira kwakanthawi.
Ndikofunika kupereka zokonda pamakona anayi okhala ndi denga lathyathyathya komanso pansi pobwezeretsanso, zomwe zimathandizira kusamalira khola. Mtunda woyenera pakati pa mipiringidzo sayenera kupitirira sentimita imodzi ndi theka. Miyeso yocheperako yovomerezeka ya khola la paroti m'modzi ndi 80x30x40 masentimita, komanso awiri a mbalame zachikondi - 100x40x50 masentimita. Chipindacho chiyenera kupatsidwa mphamvu zowala zokwanira, koma popanda kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa mbalameyo, komanso popanda zolemba. Khola liyenera kuikidwa masentimita 160-170 pamwamba pake.
Zofunika! Akatswiri amalangiza kuti chitseko cha khola chizikhala chotseguka nthawi zonse, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mbalameyo izituluka m'nyumba mwake ndikubwerera momwemo popanda choletsa. Komabe, pankhaniyi, ndizosatheka kusunga ziweto zilizonse zodyera m'chipinda chimodzi ndi mbalame zachikondi.
Pansi pa khola liyenera kukhala ndi utuchi, womwe umatsitsidwapo, kutsukidwa ndikukonzedwa mu uvuni kutentha kwambiri. Kugwiritsanso ntchito mchenga wosefedwa komanso woyera kumaloledwa.
Omwe amaperekera chakudya, chakumwa choledzeretsa chokha ndi malo osambira ochepa kuti mbalame yotchedwa parrot kuti izisamba mwaukhondo amaikidwa m'nyumba ya mbalameyo. Mitengo ya msondodzi, birch kapena yamatcheri imayikidwa kutalika kwa 100 mm kuchokera pansi, yomwe imapangidwanso nthawi ndi nthawi. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kukhazikitsa mphete, makwerero, komanso zingwe kapena kulumikizana kwa mbalame.
Chakudya choyenera cha mbalame yachikondi
Chakudya chabwino kwambiri cha mbalame zachikondi ndi zosakaniza zopangidwa kale, makamaka zopangidwa ndi opanga akunja. Mu zobiriwira za mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, simungathe kuchepetsa, komanso kuwonjezera zakudya ndi dandelions, karoti nsonga kapena clover.
Zakudya za mbalame zachikondi ziyenera kukhala ndi zipatso ndi zipatso, komanso masamba. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mango, papaya, persimmon ndi peyala pakudyetsa mbalame zachikondi, zomwe zimawononga mbalame zam'mimba. Nthambi zazing'ono zamitengo yazipatso zimatha kupatsidwa kwa mbalame kuti zigwere pakamwa.
Chisamaliro cha mbalame zachikondi
Malamulo oti azisamalidwa nthawi zonse ndi mbalame zachikondi ndi osavuta ndipo amaphatikizapo kutsatira malangizo awa:
- chakudya chouma chimatsanuliridwa mchakudya madzulo ndi kuchuluka kokwanira kudyetsa mbalameyi masana;
- chakudya chonyowa chimatsanuliridwa mu wodyetsa m'mawa, koma chimayenera kuchotsedwa mu khola usiku;
- wodyetserayo ayenera kutsukidwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndikupukuta ndi nsalu yoyera asanadzaze gawo lina la chakudya;
- madzi abwino ayenera kuthiridwa mumtsuko woyela wabwino, womwe thupi lake limatsukidwa kawiri pamlungu.
Khola la mbalame ija ya parrot liyenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi madzi otentha, a sopo sabata iliyonse, kenako nkuuma kapena kupukuta bwino. Mukamatsuka khola, zinyalala ziyeneranso kusinthidwa.
Zaumoyo, matenda ndi kupewa
Mbalame zachikondi sizopatsirana komanso ndizoyambitsa matenda.
Komanso matenda opatsirana, omwe ndi awa:
- zikhadabo zazikulu kapena milomo;
- zovulala chifukwa chofika movutikira kapena kukhudzidwa;
- avitaminosis;
- kutupa kwa zikope;
- poyizoni zosiyanasiyana etiologies;
- kunenepa kwambiri ndi kupuma movutikira;
- kuyikira mazira kovuta;
- molt mwachangu kapena mosalekeza;
- olowa edema, kuphatikizapo gout;
- chikhure;
- kuwonongeka kwamatenda am'mimba kapena mamina am'mimba ndi tiziromboti, kuphatikizapo coccidiosis;
- helminthiasis;
- kusowa magazi;
- kukhazikika pansi ndi odyera nthenga;
- nkhuku mbalame;
- tizilombo PBFD;
- salmonellosis;
- psittacosis;
- aspergillosis;
- escherichiosis.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira njira zodzitetezera, kuphatikiza zofunikira kuti anthu azikhala okhaokha kwa mitundu yonse yomwe yangogulidwa kumene, kuthira minyewa mosamalitsa komanso mosamala khola, kukhazikitsa madzi omwe amamwa, komanso kutsuka sump ndikusankha chakudya choyenera.
Kubereketsa kunyumba
Ma Parrot amatha kukwatirana chaka chonse, koma nthawi yotentha komanso koyambirira kwa nthawi yoyambilira imawerengedwa kuti ndi nthawi yabwino kuswana, chifukwa chokwanira chakudya chokwanira komanso nthawi yayitali masana.
Kuti mupeze ana athanzi, mchipinda momwe mbalame zachikondi zimasungidwa, m'pofunika kusunga chinyezi pa 50-60% kutentha kwa 18-20zaKUCHOKERA.
Ndizosangalatsa! Nyumba yovundikira imayikidwa mu khola, koma mbalame yachikazi imamanga chisa chokha, pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse yazinthu izi, kuphatikiza nthambi.
Patangotha sabata imodzi, mkazi amayika dzira loyamba, ndipo kuchuluka kwake sikupitilira zidutswa zisanu ndi zitatu. Nthawi yokwanira ndi pafupifupi masabata atatu. Pakudyetsa anapiye, chakudya cha mbalame zachikondi chiyenera kuyimiriridwa ndi chakudya chokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri, komanso tirigu wosakhwima, wophuka tirigu ndi oats.
Bwererani kuzokhutira
Mtengo wa parrot mbalame
Mbalame zachikondi za Fischer nthawi zambiri zimasungidwa ngati chiweto chokhala ndi nthenga zapakhomo, komanso chigoba ndi masaya ofiyira, omwe mtengo wake, samapitilira ma ruble zikwi 2.5. Monga momwe awonera, "bajeti" ambiri amawerengedwa kuti ndi mbalame za m'masaya ofiira, ndipo zophimba kumaso ndi Asodzi atha kulipira zochulukirapo.
Ndemanga za eni
Mbalame zachikondi, mosiyana ndi malingaliro ambiri, atha kusungidwa kunyumba opanda "wokonda moyo"... Komabe, malinga ndi eni ake odziwa mbalame zotentha zoterezi, mbalame zachikondi zosungulumwa zomwe zimakhala panyumba zimafunikira chidwi chochuluka kuposa mbalame ziwiri.
Ndizosatheka kuweta mbalame zachikondi, koma zomwe apeza zikuwonetsa kuti chachimuna chimatha kukhala ochezeka ndi msinkhu.Chifukwa chake, kwa iwo omwe sapezeka panyumba nthawi zambiri ndipo alibe mwayi wopereka nthawi yochuluka kwa mbalameyi, ndibwino kuti mugule zosakaniza zingapo zamitundumodzi nthawi imodzi, zomwe sizingawalole kuti asungulumwe.
