"Mzimu wa m'nkhalango" - kotero Aborigines pafupifupi. Mbalame ya kagu ndi yokopa komanso yodzitamandira komweko, zomwe, komabe, sizinalepheretse anthu okhala pachilumbacho kuti abweretse zamoyozi pangozi.
Kufotokozera za mbalame ya kagu
Adakhala wotchuka chifukwa cha Yves Letokar, katswiri wa zamankhwala yemwe adaphunzira kagu kum'mwera kwa chilumbachi kwazaka pafupifupi 50. New Caledonia, komwe kuli Riviere Ble National Park. Rhynochetos jubatus ndi membala wa dongosolo la Crane, loyimira mitundu, mtundu ndi banja lodziwika, Kagu.
Maonekedwe
Mbalameyi, yokhala ndi kutalika kwa theka la mita, imalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu (0.7-1.2 kg) ndipo imamangidwa ngati nkhuku: kagu ili ndi thupi lolimba komanso mutu wawung'ono wokhala pakhosi lalifupi. Kutalika (masentimita 12), kokongoletsa mutu, kumangowonekera mwa mbalame yokhayokha - imawongoka ndikusandulika mohawk wobiriwira, ikubwera m'mwamba.
Ndizosangalatsa! Nthengawo ndi zotayirira: pansi pa nthenga ndizopepuka, pamwamba - penapake pakuda. Phokoso lonse lokhala ndi mapiko opindidwa likuwoneka ngati monochrome (yoyera kapena phulusa laimvi), koma mikwingwirima yakuda, yoyera-yofiirira ndi yoyera imawonekera pamapiko otambalala.
Maso owulungika akuda amayang'ana kutsogolo, kulola mbalameyo kupeza chakudya mwachangu... Mlomo wotalikirapo ndi wopindika pang'ono komanso wachikuda lalanje kapena wachikaso. Miyendo ya Kagu ndi yayitali kutalika, yofiira lalanje (nthawi zina yopepuka), yopyapyala, koma yamphamvu. Mbali yakumunsi ya mwendo wakumunsi ilibe nthenga, zala zinayi zakumiyendo zili ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa.
Mwa mitundu, mawonekedwe azakugonana sawonetsedwa, koma kagu iwowo (chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo apadera) sangasokonezedwe ndi mbalame zina zomwe zimakhala ku New Caledonia.
Moyo
Yves Letocard adapezanso mtunduwo osati owonerera anzawo mbalame zokha, komanso akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo omwe aphunzira za chikhalidwe cha nyama potsatira malamulo a anthu. Akatswiri a zachikhalidwe cha anthu adadabwa ndi momwe mgwirizano wa mbalame za ku New Caledonia umafanana ndi kulumikizana pakati pa anthu, makamaka abale apafupi.
Ndizosangalatsa! Letokar adatsimikizira kuti a kagu amadziwa bwino malingaliro ngati "banja", "kusamalira alongo / abale achichepere" ndi "kuthandiza makolo". Zinapezeka kuti kuthandizana kunakhala chida chowonjezerapo kuti mitunduyo ipulumuke.
Polumikizana ndi amitundu amtundu wawo, mbalame zimagwiritsa ntchito liwu - kulira, kuliza, kuphwanya ngakhale kukuwa, nthawi zina zimamveka kuchokera pa 1-2 km. A kagu ndiawo: banja lili ndi mahekitala 10-30. Masana, amapuma, atakhala m'ming'alu ya miyala kapena pansi pa mizu ya mitengo itasunthika, kutsitsimuka ndi kuyamba kwa dzuwa.
Ngati ndi kotheka, thamangani mwachangu, kuthana ndi nkhalango zowirira. Nthawi zina kagu amasiya kuthamanga ndi kuzizira pomwepo, akuwona omwe angakodwe nawo. Amawuluka mosasunthika komanso kawirikawiri. Oyang'anira mbalame amakhala otsimikiza kuti nthawi ina kagu amapatsidwa kagu mosavuta monga mbalame zina, koma maluso achilengedwe awa adatayika ngati osafunikira. Kutseka chibadwa kumakhalanso ndi vuto: kagu wachichepere amakula pang'onopang'ono, amachoka mochedwa kwa makolo awo ndikupanga awiriawiri.
Utali wamoyo
Kukhwima kwanthawi yayitali komanso kubereka mochedwa zimapatsa mitunduyo nthawi yayitali... Yves Letokar adalangiza kuti kagu azikhala zaka 40-50. Oyang'anira mbalame ena samakhulupirira kwambiri ndipo amakhulupirira kuti m'chilengedwe mbalame zimakhala zaka 15, ndipo zili muukapolo - mpaka zaka 30.
Malo okhala, malo okhala
Kamodzi New Caledonia inali gawo la Gondwana (kontinenti yayikulu ku Southern Hemisphere), koma pafupifupi zaka 50 miliyoni zapitazo, kusiya izi, adayamba ulendo waulere. Atadutsa Pacific Ocean, chisumbucho chidayimitsidwa kum'mawa kwa Australia ndipo patapita nthawi adapeza zomera / nyama zapadera.
Zofunika! Kagu amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazinthu zachilengedwe ku New Caledonia. Mitunduyi imakonda nkhalango zam'malo otentha, kumapiri komanso kumapiri. Nthawi yamvula, mbalame zimasunthira m'tchire zowirira, momwe mungabisalire pansi pamasamba obiriwira.
Ngakhale zaka 200 zapitazo, kagoo adapezeka pafupifupi ku New Caledonia, koma popita nthawi, malo ake adachepetsa mpaka kumapiri mkati mwa chilumbacho.
Zakudya za mbalame za Kagu
Gome la kagu limakhala ndi chakudya chambiri chokhala ndi mapuloteni, omwe mbalameyi imafunafuna pamtunda ndi pansi pa nthaka:
- nkhono;
- nyongolotsi;
- tizilombo / mphutsi;
- akangaude ndi centipedes;
- tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono monga abuluzi (kawirikawiri).
Kusintha, kagu adapeza zikopa zanzeru zophimba mphuno zawo (palibe mbalame ina yomwe ili ndi chida chotere). Chifukwa cha mamina amenewa, kagu amatha kuyenda pang'onopang'ono popanda kuopa kutseka milomo yawo.
Adani achilengedwe
Koposa zonse, kagu adavutika ndi anthu omwe adawonekera pazilumbazi zaka pafupifupi 3,000 zapitazo ndipo nthawi yomweyo adayamba kusaka mbalame zazikulu komanso zosamveka. Munthuyo sanangopha kagu kokha, komanso anawagwira kuti agulitse pamsika ngati nkhuku.
Ndizosangalatsa! Atsamunda aku France omwe adafika kuno pakati pa zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi ndi ziweto zawo - makoswe, amphaka, agalu ndi nkhumba - nawonso adathandizira kuthetseratu mitunduyo.
Nyama zodziwika izi zasanduka adani odabwitsa kwambiri a kagu, ndikupha mbalame pachilumbachi.
Kubereka ndi ana
A Kagu amakhala ndi akazi okhaokha komanso okhulupirika kwa moyo wawo wonse. Nyengo yokwanira ndi mu Ogasiti - Januware. Pakadali pano, mbalame zimayenda mozungulira, zitaimirira "maso ndi maso" ndi zikopa ndi mapiko ofalikira. Nyimbo yachikondi ndiyotopetsa, imatha pafupifupi mphindi khumi ndipo ndiyofanana ndi "Va-va, va-vava-va" omwe adakokedwa. Zokondanazi zimamvekera mosiyanasiyana, nthawi ndi nthawi kuzungulira mozungulira ndi kugwira mapiko / mchira wawo ndi milomo yawo.
Ndizosangalatsa! Pamene mwana wankhuku akukula, abale onse, kuphatikiza makolo, azilongo achikulire ndi abale, amamuyang'anira. Amamubweretsera chakudya (nkhono, tizilombo, mphutsi) ndikusamalira chisa. Maubwenzi apabanja adapezeka ndi Yves Letokar, yemwe adatsuka makanda onse a kagu chaka ndi chaka.
Ndi kumvana komanso kukwatirana bwino, banjali limapanganso chisa chosavuta (masamba awo ndi nthambi). Mkazi amayika dzira limodzi lofiira, pomwe makolo amakhala mosinthana, ndikusinthana tsiku lililonse. Pambuyo masiku 36, mwana wankhuku adaswa dzira, atakutidwa ndiimvi yakuda... Pambuyo masiku 4, mwana wakhanda amatuluka mwakachetechete pachisa, ndipo pofika mwezi umodzi amakhala atakonzeka kale kukhala ndi moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Kuphatikiza apo, ornithologist adatsimikizira kuti mbalame zazing'ono sizikufulumira kupanga awiri, kukhala ndi makolo awo mpaka pafupifupi zaka 9 (!) Ndikuthandiza banja.
Chiwerengero cha anthu komanso mtundu wa mitunduyi
Kagu amadziwika kuti ndi nyama yomwe ili pangozi... Kuphatikiza pa alenje komanso olowa kunja, kuchuluka kwa anthu kunakhudzidwa ndikuchepetsa kwa milanduyo chifukwa cholakwika kwa ogwira ntchito m'migodi ndi odula mitengo. Yves Letocard atayamba kuphunzira za mitunduyo, panali pafupifupi 60 kagu m'chigawo cha Rivière Bleue. M'zaka za m'ma 1980, anthu okhala ku New Caledonia adamvera zonena za asayansi ndipo pamapeto pake adayamba kuwononga makoswe, agalu amphaka ndi amphaka.
Pofika 1992, panali pafupifupi 500 kagu kunja kwa Rivière Bleue, ndipo m'chigawo chomwecho (pofika 1998) anthu adakwera mpaka 300 akulu. Masiku ano, mbalame zoposa 500 zimakhala ku Riviere Bleu National Park. Kuphatikiza apo, kagu adayamba kuswana ku Zoo ku Noumea (New Caledonia). Komabe, mbalame monga nyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha zidakali pamndandanda wa CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species).
