Akangaude a Tarantula (Thеrаrhosidae) ali m'gulu la akalulu a infraorder migalomorphic (Мygаlоmоrphae). Oimira amtundu wa arthropod ndi gulu la arachnid adatchuka kwambiri mdziko lathu ndipo nthawi zambiri amagulidwa ngati chiweto chachilendo.
Makhalidwe achidule a kangaude wa tarantula
Akangaude a Tarantula amaperekedwa mosiyanasiyana... Thеrаrhosidae imaphatikizapo mitundu pafupifupi mazana asanu ndi anayi omwe amakhala ku Australia ndi Asia, Africa ndi America, mpaka m'malire a Canada. Mitundu yambiri imakhala ku Portugal, Spain ndi Italy, komanso dera la Kupro. Malo achilengedwe amathanso kuyimiriridwa ndi mapiri, madambo, mapampu, nkhalango zam'malo otentha ndi madera amapiri. Chimodzi mwazinthu zambiri zachilengedwe ndi njira yamoyo yapadziko lapansi.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kangaude wa kangaude wa tarantula ndiwosiyanasiyana kwambiri, chifukwa chake ma archnid ofala kwambiri amapezeka nthawi zambiri ngakhale pamipando yamitengo ya eucalyptus kapena m'malo ouma a chipululu.
Kukula kwa thupi kwa tarantula kumatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mitundu ya 25-100 mm, koma maziko a parameter iyi ndi miyendo ya nyamakazi. Miyeso ya miyendo ya tarantula imayesedwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa miyendo yakutsogolo mpaka kumapeto kwa nthambi yakumbuyo, yomwe ili mbali inayo ya thupi la kangaude.
Monga lamulo, kukula kwake ndi masentimita 8-30. Monga momwe kuwonera kwakanthawi kukuwonetsa, kulemera kwake kwa mitundu yayikulu kumatha kupitilira 80-85 g, ndipo akangaude omwe amakhala ku Venezuela ndi Brazil atha kufika kulemera kwa 140-150 g.
Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yonse yakomwe ili kumpoto kwa America imakhala ndi mtundu wofiirira kwambiri. Artropods omwe amakhala m'malo ena ndi amtambo kapena wakuda wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yoyera.
Miyendo ya tarantula nthawi zambiri imakhala yachikaso kapena yamtambo ndi mimba ya lalanje. Zonsezi, nyamayi imakhala ndi awiriawiri kapena miyendo isanu ndi itatu, iliyonse imakhala ndi mapiko awiri kapena atatu obwezeretsa. Ziwalo zamtunduwu zimapangitsa kuti kangaudeyo akwere mosavuta.
Mukamayenda, yoyamba ndi yachitatu, yomwe ili mbali imodzi ya thupi la kangaude, imayenda mbali imodzi, pomwe yachiwiri ndi yachinayi, yomwe ili mbali inayo, imasunthira mbali inayo.
Kusunga kangaude wa tarantula kunyumba
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, nyamakazi zakhala zikufunidwa kwambiri komanso zotchuka kwambiri, chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwawo. Chifukwa chake, tarantulas nthawi zambiri amasungidwa ngati ziweto zosowa m'nyumba.
Komwe mungasunge kangaude wa tarantula
Kwa kangaude wa tarantula, malo okhala siofunikira, koma chofunikira kwambiri pakukonza nyumba ndikutsatira malamulo onse okonza nyumba. Pachifukwa ichi, zida zogwiritsira ntchito zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki wopanda poizoni nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuchuluka kwake kumafanana ndi kukula kwa chiweto chachilendo chotere. Ndikofunikira kupanga mabowo olowetsa mpweya mu beseni, pambuyo pake nthaka imadzazidwa.
Ndizosangalatsa! Kwa mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya akangaude a tarantula, muyenera kugula terrarium yabwino komanso yodalirika.
Kusankhidwa kwa terrarium molingana ndi mitundu ya mitundu ya kangaude wa tarantula:
- mawonedwe apadziko lapansi;
- mitundu yobowola;
- mitundu yovuta;
- mawonedwe apakatikati.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mawonekedwe a achinyamata ndi tarantula wamkulu amatha kusiyanasiyana. Kwa kangaude wamtunda, mtundu wopingasa kapena ma cubic terrariums ndiabwino kwambiri. Zomangamanga zotere sizimasokoneza kayendedwe ka chiweto.
Ndibwinonso kuti kangaude woboola pakati ndi theka-kuboola asankhe malo opingasa kapena a kiyubiki momwe nthaka iyenera kuthiriridwa, yomwe ingalole kuti kangaude wobowolayo abwere kumtunda kokha usiku, ndi theka-lobowola akangaude - kubisala pakawonekera ngozi.
Kwa chiweto chachilendo cha mitundu ya arboreal, muyenera kukonzekera mtundu wowoneka wa terrarium. Poterepa, akangaude a tarantula amatha kukwaniritsa zosowa zawo zachilengedwe pomanga ngalande zamlengalenga kuchokera pa intaneti. Nthaka yaying'ono yoyera imathiridwa pansi.
Simuyenera kugula terrarium yayikulu kwambiri yosunga nyamakazi, chifukwa pakadali pano chiweto chimakhala ndi nkhawa, zomwe zimakhudza zaka zakukhala ndi thanzi.
Mukamayendetsa malo onse a terrarium, m'pofunika kupereka kangaude wanyumba ndi malo ogona, omwe amaimiridwa ndi mitundu yonse yazinyalala ndi zokongoletsa. Njira yokonzera kangaude ndi yofunika kwambiri posunga mitundu yathanzi kunyumba. Komabe, zokongoletsa zachilengedwe monga zomera zamoyo nthawi zambiri zimaola ndipo zimayambitsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya.
Kukonza ndi kuyeretsa, ukhondo
Nthaka yolondola komanso yapamwamba, yomwe imadzazidwa mu terrarium, ndikofunikira kwambiri.... Nthaka yabwino imathandiza kuti chinyezi chikhale chokwanira. Mutha kusankha nthaka mosavuta. Gawo loterolo liyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Mwazina, nthaka iyenera kukhala yoyera momwe ingathere kuti iteteze microflora ndi nkhungu. The optimum ndi gawo lapansi lokhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira, koma osaya kwambiri.
Kuti gawo lapansi likhale lonyowa mokwanira, m'pofunika kuthirira nthaka ndi madzi oyera kutentha. Kudetsa madzi mopitilira muyeso komanso chinyezi chokwanira m'thupi la terrarium sizovomerezeka, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoyambitsa imfa kapena chiweto. Kuyeretsa kwa makoma ndi pansi pa mpanda kuyenera kuchitidwa ikangonyansa. Amaloledwanso kuchita gawo lina m'malo mwa gawo lapansi.
Ndizosangalatsa! Akatswiri odziwa akangaude a tarantula amalimbikitsa kuyika gawo lapansi la kokonati pansi pa terrarium, lomwe lili ndi mawonekedwe onse ofunikira kuti azisunga nyumbayi kunyumba.
Kodi ndi kangati kudyetsa kangaude
Pofuna kudyetsa kangaude wa tarantula, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zamoyo, kuphatikizapo zoophobes, crickets ndi mphemvu. Gawo lodyetsera liyenera kukhala pafupifupi theka la kukula kwa thupi lanyama. Iwo ali osavomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito zinyama mu zakudya za akangaude. Kupatula pa lamuloli ndi mitundu yayikulu kwambiri, kuphatikiza Thеrаrhosа blоndi. Komanso, ndizosafunika kudyetsa akangaude ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana tomwe timagwira m'chilengedwe.
Chakudya choterechi sichingakhale ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda okha, komanso chimakhala ndi mitundu yonse ya mankhwala opha tizilombo omwe ndi owopsa kwa arthropods. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri yamatenda omwe amadya tarantulas ndi maphemabokosi a ma marble, mphemvu za ku Turkmen, mphemvu ku Madagascar, njenjete, mphutsi, magazi a mphutsi, mbozi zophera anthu, mphutsi za zophobas ndi njenjete zausiku.
Akangaude ang'onoang'ono amafunika kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi, mpaka atayamba kusungunuka molimba, komanso achikulire - pang'ono pang'ono. Palibe njira yabwino yodyetsera kangaude wa tarantula, koma ndikofunikira kuwerengera masiku omwe chakudya chimaperekedwa kwa chiweto, kutengera kuchuluka kwa ma molts + 1.
Ndizosangalatsa! Malingana ndi zochitika zambiri za ntchito zofunikira za akangaude, tarantula, yomwe nthawi zina imafa ndi njala, imakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa anzawo ambiri omwe amadyetsedwa bwino.
Monga chizolowezi chosungira akangaude mu terrarium chikuwonetsa, ziweto zotere nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokha ndipo sizimatha kukana kudya kwa nthawi yayitali. Njala yamtundu wotereyi, monga lamulo, siyikhala ndi vuto lililonse pa ma arachnids.
Matenda, chithandizo ndi kupewa
Matenda omwe amakhudza akangaude a tarantula pakadali pano ali mgulu la osaphunzira mokwanira, chifukwa chake, palibe njira yokhazikika yothandizira. Chifukwa chofera kwambiri cha kangaude wogwidwa ndikutaya madzi m'thupi kwambiri, motero gawo lapansi liyenera kukhala lokwanira nthawi zonse komanso mokwanira.
Tarantula amathanso kufa chifukwa chovulala kapena kuvulala koopsa.... Pofuna kupewa zosowa zakunyumba kuti zisagwe kuchokera kutalika, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chivundikiro chokhala ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono koma okhala ndi mpweya wokwanira kuti mutseke terrarium. Pofuna kuchiza bala lomwe analandira nyamakazi, mafuta wamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mitundu ingapo ya nkhupakupa imatha kuwononga akangaude, koma ngozi yayikulu kwambiri kwa ma exotic imayambitsidwa ndi ma ectoparasite odyetsa omwe amapatsira m'mapapo a nyamakazi ndikupangitsa kuti chiweto chizifa msanga. Pazifukwa zodzitetezera, kusintha kwathunthu kwa gawo lapansi mu terrarium kuyenera kuchitika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse. Ma parasites amkati, omwe amaimiridwa ndi nematode, samapwetekanso kangaude, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti nyumba ya tarantula ikhale yoyera.
Kusamalitsa
Tarantula woopsa kwambiri padziko lathu lapansi ndi tarantula yachitsulo yokongola kwambiri komanso yowala (Poesilotheria metallisa). Ichi ndi chida champhamvu kwambiri komanso chofulumira, chankhanza komanso chosayembekezereka, chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndi luso lolumpha kwambiri.
Poizoni wamtunduwu ndi wowopsa kwambiri, ndipo kulumako kumatha kupweteketsa munthu, kuwonjezeka kwa mtima, kutuluka thukuta, migraines, kukokana kwa minofu kapena kufooka kwakukulu. Komabe, monga machitidwe akuwonetsera, imfa ndiyokayikitsa. Ngakhale kuti kangaude wazitsulo wochuluka kwambiri ndi wosowa kwambiri ndipo amalembedwa mu International Red Book, nthawi zina amapezeka m'magulu azipangizo zamitundu yachilendo.
Kubereka kwa tarantulas
Ali aang'ono, akangaude onse a tarantula amafanana ndi akazi powonekera, koma pakakula, kusiyana kwakugonana kumawonekera kwambiri... Amuna achikulire ali ndi mimba yaying'ono poyerekeza ndi akazi ndi zingwe zazingwe zapambuyo. Kuphatikiza apo, amuna amadziwika ndi magawo omalizidwa okhathamira, omwe amagwira ntchito kumaliseche.
Ndizosangalatsa! Monga lamulo, zimatsimikiziridwa kusiyanitsa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi patadutsa pafupifupi ma molts asanu ndi awiri.
Anthu okhwima mwauzimu ndi okonzeka kukwatira. Feteleza imachitika mkati mwa chiberekero, yomwe imalumikizana ndi zotengera zam'mimba. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yobisira mazira imachitika nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Mazira omwe amaikirawo amalukidwa ndi mkazi kukhala chikuku. Izi zimachitika mchipinda chochezera, chomwe chachikazi chimasandulika chisa chosangalatsa. Koko, nthawi zambiri, amaimiridwa ndi magawo awiri okhala ndi mapiri. Clutch imasungidwa ndi tarantula wamkazi ndipo cocco amasamalidwa. Kutengera kutentha ndi chinyezi, cocoko amatembenuka kapena kusuntha.
Kuzungulira kwa kukula kwathunthu kwa akangaude kuchokera ku dzira kupita ku imago sikudutsa, monga lamulo, milungu itatu. Makulidwe a akangaude omwe amabadwa amasiyana mosiyanasiyana, kutengera mtundu wamatenda. Monga lamulo, anawo atatuluka mu chikuku, mkazi samasonyezanso kuti ali ndi nkhawa ndi mwanayo.
Makhalidwe achilengedwe ndi moyo wa akangaude omwe amabadwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ofanana kwambiri ndi akangaude akuluakulu. Ana achichepere amadzikonzekeretsa pogona, m'malo mwake amafunafuna chakudya choyenera kwambiri.
Ndi ma tarantula angati omwe amakhala mu ukapolo
Kutalika kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tarantula ikasungidwa mu ukapolo ndikosiyana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo:
- Mitengo yamatope ndi ma tarantula a mtundu wa Рterinochilus - osaposa zaka 7-14;
- mitundu yonse ikuluikulu yapadziko lapansi ili pafupifupi zaka 20.
Amuna amakula msanga kuposa akazi, pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ndi theka, nthawi zambiri nthawi yayitali yamwana wamwamuna itatha molt yomaliza siyidutsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Komabe, palinso amuna omwe amadziwika kuti ndi amuna omwe akhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali:
- Grammostola rosea amuna - chaka chimodzi ndi theka;
- Amuna a Megarhobema velvetosoma - miyezi isanu ndi inayi;
- Amuna a Roesilotheria formosa - pafupifupi miyezi 11;
- wamwamuna Roesilotheria ornata - kupitilira chaka chimodzi;
- Amuna a Roesilotheria rufilata ali pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ndi theka.
Mlandu wosowa unalembetsedwa pomwe a arboreal tarantula Roesilotheria regalis omwe anali mndende adatha kusungunuka kangapo ndi mwezi ndi theka pakati pa molts.
Kugula kangaude wa tarantula, mtengo
Mtengo wapakati wa nyamakazi iliyonse, kuphatikizapo kangaude wa tarantula, zimatengera zaka, jenda komanso mitundu yazinthu zosowa. Popeza kulibe chidziwitso chosunga zachilendozi, ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi munthu wamkulu. Akangaude ang'onoang'ono amafunika chisamaliro chapamwamba kwambiri kuchokera kwa eni ake kuposa akangaude omwe akula bwino.
Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti nthawi ya moyo wa tarantula wamwamuna ndi yayifupi kwambiri kuposa akazi.... Kuphatikiza apo, amuna amakhala ochepa kwambiri kuposa akazi kukula kwake ndipo samaimira phindu lililonse lakusonkhanitsa. Mitundu yomwe ilipo, momwe amuna ndi omwe amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso owala, ndi osowa, chifukwa chake akatswiri ambiri azinthu zachilendo amapatsa tarantula wamkazi ngati chiweto.
Mtengo wapakati m'misika yamatawuni yayikulu komanso kuchokera kwa obereketsa azokha a arthropod exotic:
- tarantula Brachyrelma alborilosum - kuchokera ma ruble 300;
- tarantula Сerаtogyrus mаrshalli - ma ruble 300-350;
- tarantula Lasiodora parahybana - kuchokera ku ruble 200;
- tarantula Chilobrashys dyscolus "buluu" - ma ruble 500-550;
- tarantula Nootele incei - ma ruble 450-500;
- tarantula Brachyrelma vagans - ma ruble 300-350;
- tarantula Pterinochilus murinus ndi Nhandu chromatus - ma ruble 500;
- tarantula Heterоthеle villоsella ndi Cyriosоsmus perеzmilesi - 400 rubles.
Kugulidwa kwa tarantula Psalmoroeus sambridgei ndi Chromatorelma cyanneorubescens, mtengo wake ndi ma ruble a 1500 ndi 1000, motsatana, azikhala okwera mtengo kwambiri.
Ndemanga za eni ake a Tarantula
Ndizosatheka kuphunzitsa, kuphunzitsa kapena kuweta kangaude wa tarantula mofananira ndi mawu ngati awa kwa eni zakunja.... Ngakhale tarantula wodekha amatha kuluma mwini wake ngati awona mwadzidzidzi zoopsa.
Ndizosangalatsa! Akatswiri akalulu odziwa amalangiza kuti azichita zoyipa zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza terrarium pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera, zokwanira zokwanira.
Monga momwe eni ake adanenera, ma tarantula, omwe ali mwana adazunguliridwa ndi chidwi ndipo nthawi zambiri amatengedwa, amakhala omasuka pazachilengedwe komanso kwa eni.
