Kangaude wa ctenizid (Ctenizidae) ndi wa banja la akangaude a migalomorphic. Chikhalidwe cha nyamakazi zotere ndizosiyana osati kukula kokha, komanso mitundu ya thupi.
Ngakhale kuti kuwoneka kwa kangaudeyu nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa mantha kwa anthu onse omwe ali ndi vuto la arachnophobia, ma ctenisides amakhala otetezeka mwamtheradi kwa anthu, ndipo kuchuluka komwe kuluma kumawopseza ndikofowoka. Kangaude yaying'ono ya Ctenizidae nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "kangaude womanga" chifukwa chokhoza kutchera misampha yanzeru.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a ctenizide
Mwa mitundu makumi anayi odziwika ya ctenisides, ochepera khumi afotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane ndikuphunzira bwino, ndipo mitundu makumi atatu ndi itatu idapezeka posachedwa. Ngakhale kudera lalikulu logawika, chidziwitso chokwanira sichimangobwera chifukwa chokhala usiku, komanso chinsinsi cha nyamayi.
Ndizosangalatsa!Mitundu ingapo ya Ctenizidae idatchulidwa ndi anthu otchuka kwambiri kapena anthu odziwika bwino, kuphatikiza Sarlacc wachipembedzo komanso otchuka padziko lonse lapansi saga ya Star Wars komanso Purezidenti wa America wapano - Barack Obama.
Kusiyanasiyana kwa mitunduyi kumapangitsa kuti chizindikiritso cholondola kwambiri chikhale chofunikira, chifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiganizire pazinthu izi:
- thupi lakuda kapena labulauni;
- mano a kangaude awa amayang'ana pansi;
- mitundu ina imadziwika ndi kupezeka kwa zotupa pathupi kapena pachikuto cha silky;
- zazikazi ndizokulirapo kuposa amuna, koma sizimasiya mabowo, ndipo ndizosowa kwambiri kuzisunga mwachilengedwe.
Amuna ali ndi chiwalo chachifupi komanso chowotcha. Pakati pazitsulo zakutsogolo, pali njira ziwiri. Kusiyanitsa kwamakhalidwe ndi kupezeka kwa carapace wosalala wokutidwa ndi tsitsi la utoto wagolide. Manjawa amafanana ndi magolovesi ankhonya kunja. Maso adakonzedwa m'mizere iwiri yoyandikira inayi. Mbali ya mitundu ina siiri iwiri, koma mizere itatu ya maso. Ctenisides nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka ndi mbewa ndi akangaude owopsa.
Chikhalidwe
Kuchokera pamalingaliro, kugawa kwa ctenizides kumatha kuonedwa ngati kwachisokonezo, komwe kumafotokozedwa nthawi zambiri ndi zomwe zikuchitika pompopompo. Mitundu yambiri yamabanja imapezeka pafupifupi m'maiko onse. Anthu a nyamayi amakhala m'chigawo chakumwera chakum'mawa ndi Pacific ku America, Guatemala, Mexico, zigawo za China, komanso dera lalikulu ku Thailand, Canada ndi Australia.
Ndizosangalatsa!Pafupifupi mitundu yonse yakhala ikufotokozedwa ndi katswiri waku America wa cteniside a Jason Bond, yemwe amayang'anira Museum of Natural History. Munkhani yasayansi, wasayansiyo adadabwa kwambiri ndi kusiyanasiyana kwachilengedwe komwe kuli koyenera kukhala ku Ctenizidae
Ma Ctenisides amitundu yosiyanasiyana amapezeka nthawi zambiri m'madambo amchenga, m'nkhalango za oak, ndi m'mapiri ataliatali a Sierra Nevada. Mink ctenizide amasiyanitsidwa ndi nzeru komanso machenjera, chifukwa chake amatha kukonza mabowo ndi nthambi yakhungu. Khomo ndi nthambi zimakutidwa ndi kangaude wandiweyani, ndipo nyama yomwe ikodwa mumsampha woterowo sangathe kutuluka.
Mwina zingakhale zosangalatsa: Kumphuka kangaude kapena vampire kangaude
Chakudya
Kangaude wam'malo otentha otchedwa ctenisid, yemwe amakhala mumtsinje wapansi panthaka, amatha kudikirira nyama yomwe yakhala m'nyumba, mozungulira pomwe pali ulusi wapadera wa intaneti. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tikangodutsa, chitseko cha mink chimatseguka, ndipo nyongolotsiyo imamenya nyama yake mwachangu. Kuti agwire nyamayo, amagwiritsa ntchito miyendo yakutsogolo yamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo poizoni wopundula amalowetsedwa mwa wothandizidwayo mothandizidwa ndi mano owopsa apabowo. Ctenizide satenga mphindi zochepa kuposa 0.03-0.04 kuti agwire nyama iliyonse.
Ndizosangalatsa!Ngakhale ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, osati tizilombo tokha, komanso tizilombo tina tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, komanso nyama zazing'ono zazing'ono, zimatha kukhala nyama ya ctenizide wamkulu.
Pakusaka, ctenisides iwonso atha kukhala mavu a misewu mosazindikira. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timaluma kangaude, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwalo zonse ziwonongeke. Parasitoid imayikira mazira mthupi la ctenizide yopanda mphamvu, ndipo kangaudeyo amakhala chakudya cha ana a misere omwe angotuluka kumene.
Kubereka
Kubalana kwa ctenizide waku Central Asia ndizowonekera kwambiri.... Ndi kachilombo kakang'ono kakang'ono, kamene thupi lake silidutsa masentimita angapo m'litali, lili ndi utoto wofiirira komanso pamimba wamaliseche. Akuluakulu amakumba maenje, omwe nthawi zambiri amapitilira theka la mita.
Mink yomalizidwa ili ndi timitengo tating'onoting'ono kuchokera mkati, ndipo khomo limatsekedwa ndi chivindikiro chapadera ndi "pafupi". Khomo lotere limadzitsekera lokha ndipo limapangitsa nyumbayo kukhala yotetezeka komanso yabwino. Mazira omwe amaikira amakhala atavala chikuku, ndipo ana a kangaude omwe amabadwa amakhala "m'nyumba za makolo" mpaka atakhala odziyimira pawokha. Chakudya, chakudya chodulidwa komanso chopukutira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito, chomwe chimabwezeretsedwanso ndi wamkazi.
Zolemba za ctenizide kunyumba
Kunyumba, ctenisides ndizosowa kwambiri.... Monga lamulo, anthu omwe agwidwa m'malo awo achilengedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ziweto. Potengedwa, ndikofunika kusunga mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira nkhuni zokhalamo. Ngati m'malo awo achilengedwe, akazi amatha kukhala zaka makumi awiri, ndipo amuna amakhala ocheperako kanayi, ndiye kuti nyumba zoterezi zimatha kufa msanga.
Kusiyanitsa kwamitundu ya ctenisides kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya akangaude a migalomorphic ndiko kupezeka kwa minga pa chelicerae, chifukwa chomwe nyamayi imatha kukumba pansi mwachangu mokwanira. Mukasunga chiweto chotere kunyumba, muyenera kugawa malo otakata komanso ozama omwe adzadzaza kangaude kuti adzipangire nyumba. Nyanja yotentha imafunikira kutentha kokhazikika komanso kutentha kwambiri. Mutha kugula ctenizide kuchokera kwa arachnophiles omwe amabereketsa mitunduyo kunyumba. Mtengo wa munthu wamkulu sulumpha zikwi chimodzi ndi theka za ruble.
