Simufunikira kamba wamakungu ofiira ngati simuli okonzeka: a) kutulutsa madzi okwera mtengo komanso otakasuka (kuchotsera zimbudzi masiku atatu aliwonse); b) kumupatsa zakudya zosiyanasiyana; c) kuwononga ndalama pokonza nyumba za kamba (ndi chotenthetsera, zosefera ndi nyali za UV). Ndipo ili ndi gawo limodzi chabe lamavuto omwe eni ake omwe angopangidwa kumene angakumane nawo.
Akamba amchere aku America
Dzinalo labanja likuwonetsanso mitundu ya mitunduyi: akamba ofiira ofiira (aka yellow-bellied) amatha kutengera ku Central America, Mexico, kumpoto kwa Venezuela ndi Colombia, komanso United States ngati kwawo.
Chifukwa cha munthu, zokwawa izi zidapezeka ku Guadeloupe, South Africa, Israel, Great Britain ndi Spain. Ku Australia, sanasangalale ndi kuwukirako, atawalengeza ngati tizirombo, kuthamangitsa zokwawa zakomweko.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, akamba ofiira ofiira nthawi zambiri amatuluka m'madzi am'mwera kwa Federal Federal ndi Krasnodar Territory. Adawoneka m'madziwe ndi madamu a Rostov-on-Don, Anapa, Gelendzhik ndi Yeisk. Izi ndi nyama zatsoka zomwe kukhala mnyumba yamatauni kumakhala cholemetsa kwa eni ake.
Ndipo ndibwino ngati akamba omwe atulutsidwa kutchire apulumuke: zolengedwa zoterezi sizimasinthidwa ndi chisanu cha Russia. Pali mwayi wokhawo kwa iwo omwe adakhomeredwa kupayipi ndi ngalande zotentha zopanda poizoni.
Osayesedwa ndi kukula kwa akamba amchere (amasandulika mabeseni abwino ndi zaka) ndikuganiza kokwanira ngati mudzatha kupirira zovuta zonse zowasamalira musanagule nyama yolusa komanso yosakhazikika.
Kunja, kufotokoza
Katswiri wa zamoyo amasiyanitsa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi ndi zinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza kukula: amuna amakhala otsika poyerekeza ndi akazi. Kamba wofiyira wofiyira wamakona amakula mpaka 30 cm, ndipo mitundu yake - mpaka theka la mita kapena kupitilira apo.
Ana akamba ali ngati masamba obiriwira owala obiriwira omwe amadetsedwa akamakula: carapace imasanduka yakuda kapena yakuda (yokhala ndi mizere yachikaso yothinana). Mutu, khosi ndi miyendo zimakhala ndi zokongoletsa zawo, pomwe pamakhala mikwingwirima yobiriwira ndi yoyera.
Gawo lamkati mwa carapace nthawi zambiri limakhala lamdima, koma limasungunuka (monga chapamwamba) lokhala ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu komanso yofanana.
Pamutu pa kamba pali malo awiri ofiira ofiira omwe ali pafupi ndi maso. "Zizindikiro" zofiira izi zimapatsa dzinali dzina. Kutengera ndi subspecies, mtundu wa mawanga umasintha ndipo amatha kutsekedwa wachikaso, wowala wachikaso kapena lalanje.
Kusapezeka kwa mano sikungalepheretse kamba uyu kugwetsa chinthu chilichonse champhamvu: nsagwada zamphamvu zimathandizira. Chida china cha "krasnushka" ndi zikhadabo zamphamvu modabwitsa komanso zakuthwa zomwe zimamenyana ndi adani.
Zipangizo zamawu sizikukula bwino, koma ngati kuli koyenera, tortilla imaliza, kufwenthera ngakhale kukuwa pang'ono.
Akamba ofiira ofiira samadandaula za kununkhiza kapena kuwona. Chokhacho chomwe chimawakhumudwitsa ndi mphekesera. Komabe, nyamayi nthawi yomweyo imachita ziphuphu zakunja ndipo nthawi zonse imatha kulowa m'madzi.
Moyo
Kamba kamakhala m'madziwe osanja komanso osaya omwe sanasiyanitsidwe ndi kuyera kwawo. Ikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwachangu, kusaka nyama (nsomba, nkhanu, tadpoles, nkhono ndi nyama zina zam'madzi) kapena kupewa adani. Nthawi zina, satopa: amakonda kukwawa pagombe, kuwonetsa chipolopolo chake ku cheza cha dzuwa. M'madzi ozizira (pansi pa +18 ° C), "chofiira" chimataya chilakolako chake ndipo chimakhala chofooka.
Adani achilengedwe a akamba ndi awa:
- Ma Jaguar - agogoda mwaluso chokwawa kuchokera pachikopa.
- Ankhandwe - kukankhira akamba pamiyala.
- Mbalame zodya nyama - kuwaponyera pamiyala.
- Akamba ena ndi nkhanu zimadya ana a kamba.
- Sharki ndi nsomba zikuluzikulu zolusa - idyani akamba omwe angobadwa kumene.
Akatswiri a zamoyo amakhulupirira kuti kamba ofiira ofiira (mosiyana ndi mawu odziwika bwino) amayenda msanga m'madzi komanso pamtunda. Kuthamanga kumamuthandiza kuti achoke kwa omwe akumulondola, kupewa mosadodometsa zopinga.
Chokwawa chiwona chinthu chowopsa pamtunda wa 40 mita, chomwe chimapatsa nthawi kuti chizembera pansi pamadzi: chifukwa cha mphezi iyi, kamba amatchedwa "kutsetsereka".
Ngati sikunali kotheka kuthawa, imadzitchinjiriza: kuponya mwachangu pamutu kumatsatiridwa ndikutseka nsagwada zolimba mthupi la wozunzidwayo. Akamba amtundu sangathe kuluma komanso kuvulaza.
Kuvulaza kumathandizidwanso ndikutulutsa chiweto m'madzi mosadziwa, ikamenyetsa ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo, yokhala ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa.
Kubereka
Ngakhale katswiri wodziwa zachifwamba sanganene yemwe ali patsogolo pake (mnyamata kapena mtsikana) mpaka kamba atakwanitsa chaka chimodzi. Ndi pa msinkhu uwu pomwe mawonekedwe azakugonana amadziwonetsera.
Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi
Amadziwika kuti akazi ndi akulu kuposa amuna, koma khalidweli lingawoneke lofunika kwa iwo okha omwe amabadwa nthawi yomweyo. Kupanda kutero, sikutheka kudziwa pansi ndi kukula.
Pali zikhalidwe zina zokuthandizani kuti mumvetsetse momwe ziweto zanu zilili. Chifukwa chake, mwa amuna:
- malo omwe ali pafupi ndi diso ndi owala komanso okulirapo;
- zikhadabo zazitali kumiyendo yakutsogolo, zikuthandizira kumamatira kwa mnzanu panthawi yakukhala;
- gawo lakumunsi la thupi limakhala lokhazikika, pomwe mwa akazi limakhala lathyathyathya;
- mchira wokulirapo komanso wautali.
Zambiri zakukula kwa akamba akamba ofiira kofiira ndizosiyana. Nthawi zambiri, chokwawa chimalowa msinkhu wofika zaka 5 mpaka 6, komanso m'mbuyomo kwambiri mu ukapolo.
Kuyanjana
Akamba omwe amakhala kumalo osungira nyama komanso nyumba zawo amakhala okwatirana, mosasamala kanthu za nyengo, koma, popeza amakhala m'malo awo achilengedwe, amatsatira masiku ena (Marichi - Julayi).
Amuna amavina kuvina kosakanikirana, udindo waukulu womwe umapatsidwa kumakhola akusisita chibwano cha osankhidwa. Zokwawa zazing'ono zingathenso kutsanzira masewera okhathamira: koma "zoyeserera" izi sizitsogolera kubala mpaka kamba atalowa msinkhu wobereka.
Wokondayo amasambira ndi mchira wake kutsogolo, kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi mutu wa mnzake, kutekeseka mosatekeseka pakamwa pake ndi zikhadabo zake. Ngati mkaziyo sakutsutsana ndi kukwatira, amavomereza kukopana uku. Akakhala osakonzekera zogonana, kamba amathamangitsa chibwenzicho, ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwamphamvu makamaka kuzinthu zopanda pake.
Mphukira
Ngati kugonana kumabweretsa umuna, mkaziyo amayamba kusangalala ndi dzuwa ndikusintha kamadyedwe kake. Izi zimawonekera makamaka mu akamba ofiira ofiira ndipo sizikhala tsoka: ndikofunikira kusintha menyu, kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa chakudya.
Pafupifupi miyezi iwiri imaperekedwa kuti mukhale ndi pakati, koma nthawi imakula ngati nkosatheka kupeza malo abwino ogona. Masabata awiri "asanabadwe" wamkazi pafupifupi samasiya nthaka, kupopera ndi kukumba. Atasankha malo oti adzagonepo, chokwawa chija chimamunyowetsa ndi madzi ochokera ku chikhodzodzo ndikumakumba nthaka ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo.
Kamba wofiira ndi mayi woyipa: atayika mazira (kuyambira 1 mpaka 22), amaiwala za mwanayo. Makulitsidwe, nthawi yomwe imadalira kutentha, imatenga masiku 100 mpaka 150. Kutentha kwachisa kumakhudzanso kugonana kwa ana akamba: pa 29 ° C ndi kupitilira apo, atsikana amabadwa, pa 27 ° C ndi pansi, anyamata okha ndi omwe amabadwa.
Kuti atuluke mu dzira, akamba obadwa kumene amabaya chipolopolocho ndi dzino la dzira, lomwe limagwa patatha ola limodzi. Ana onse ali ndi thumba laling'ono pamimba ndi zotsalira za makulitsidwe: kugwa, kumasiya bala lomwe likukula mofulumira.
Kusunga akamba ofiira ofiira
Kamba kokha pongoyang'ana chabe amapanga chithunzi chonyenga cha nyama yodzikuza kwambiri. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, mudzapeza mavuto ambiri omwe ayenera kukumana ndi zida zonse.
Zipangizo zokhala ndi khungu lofiyira
Kunyumba, akamba amasungidwa m'madzi okhala ndi zida zankhondo mwapadera.
Ndibwino kugula aquaterrarium yokhala ndi malita 100 mpaka 150, yomwe imadzazidwa ndi madzi pafupifupi masentimita 20 mpaka 30. Izi zimachitika kuti kamba, ikagudubuka pamsana pake, imatha kukhala bwino popanda kuthandizidwa. Amalangizidwanso kuti apange mtundu wa gombe lokhala ndi nyali yotenthetsera komanso nyali ya UV yomwe idzawononge mankhwala.
Mphepete mwa nyanjayo muyenera kukhala ndi malo otsetsereka kuchokera pansi pa aquaterrarium, okhala ndi nthaka yolimba, koma osayambitsa zokopa. Tikulangizidwa kuti tiziika pamtanda osapitirira 20-30 cm kuchokera pamwamba pa aquarium, chifukwa ziweto zina zimatha kutuluka m'nyumba zawo. Kutentha kumtunda kuyenera kukhala mozungulira 29-30 ° C.
Gawo lamadzi limatha kukongoletsedwa ndi ndere, koma musanadzalemo, muyenera kudziwa ngati ali ndi poyizoni, chifukwa akamba amakonda kulawa chilichonse. Nsomba, mwa njira, musadye ndowe zapoizoni. Kuphatikiza apo, algae ayenera kukhala oyenera mulingo wa kuwala ndi kutentha mu aquaterrarium.
Kuphatikiza pa ndere zokongoletsera, mutha kudzalanso zomera kuti mukhale chakudya. Izi ndizofunikira Spirogyra, hornwort, anacharis, duckweed, ludwigia.
Madzi ayenera kukhala oyera ndi ofunda, pafupifupi 26-28 ° C. Iyenera kusinthidwa ikayamba kuda kapena kamodzi pamwezi.
Kudyetsa
Kudyetsa kamba ndi chinthu chosangalatsa. Choyamba, ana amadyetsedwa tsiku lililonse, pomwe akamba akulu amadyetsedwa pafupifupi kawiri pasabata. Chachiwiri, ndi msinkhu, zomwe zili muzakudya zamasamba ziyenera kulimba. Chifukwa chake, ngati kamba wamkulu amakhala mumtsinje, ndiye kuti ndere zimadyedwa.
Chakudya choyenera - gawo lofunikira posamalira thanzi la ziweto. Pachifukwa ichi, munthu ayenera kuyandikira mosamala momwe zimapangidwira. Zolemba zake zimayenera kukhala ndi chakudya chomera, mavitamini ndi michere komanso, nsomba, cod (hake, hake, thalass) ndi nyama.
Chakudya chabzala chikhoza kukhala ndi: abutilone, basil, aloe, oregano, nandolo, basamu, nkhuyu, rudbeckia, clover, coleus, calendula, nettle, anyezi, nyemba, nasturtium, arrowroot, daisy, dandelion, petunia, purslane, tradescantia, maluwa a rose, chlorophytum, fuchsia, balere, ananyamuka m'chiuno, cyperus, Kalanchoe, fern, calathea, hibiscus, gloxinia, udzu udzu, khofi, plantain.
M'nyengo yotentha, chakudya "chaulere" monga zomera chimapezeka: nsonga za kaloti ndi beets, nsonga za mbatata sizingaperekedwe, nthambi za tchire la zipatso ndi mitengo.
Ndizoletsedwa kudyetsa akamba mbewu monga monstera, epipremnum, philodendron, anthurium, khalani chete, akalif, croton, jatrophe, azalea, delphinium, crocus, m'mawa, maluwa a m'chigwa, lupine, periwinkle, oleander, juniper, nightshade, ficus, philodendrn, sheflera. Mitengo yomwe yatchulidwayo ndi yapoizoni kwakuti kamba kokhudzidwa pang'ono, kamba amakhala ndi mabala osapola kwakanthawi ndi zilonda. Ngati msuzi wa zomera umalowa m'maso mwa nyama, umayambitsa conjunctivitis.
Nthawi zina, kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zoletsedwa kumathandizira kusokonekera kwamanjenje ndi mundawo m'mimba.
Chifukwa chake, posankha magawo azakudya, munthu ayenera kusamala, popeza ndi chakudya chomwe ndichinsinsi cha thanzi la chiweto.
Gulani kamba yamakutu ofiira
Minda yamakamba ofiira ofiira ili ku United States ndi Malaysia. Kutumiza kunja kosaloledwa komanso kwalamulo kwa nyama zokonda kutentha izi kumachokera kumeneko.
Akamba obiriwira obiriwira mozemba amagulitsidwa "kwa 5 kopecks gulu" pomwepo pamsewu. Ndizabwino kwambiri ndipo zimabalalika pansi pamabodza abodza a amalonda za kudzichepetsa kwa akamba.
Palibe amene amadziwa zomwe ana amadwala, ambiri mwa iwo adzafa miyezi yoyambirira atasamukira kunyumba. Monga lamulo, chibayo (matenda omwe amafala kwambiri kamba) ndi omwe amapha anthu osaukawa.
Zachidziwikire, mutha kugula chokwawa m'masitolo ogulitsira 200-250 rubles, koma bwanji, ngati malowa ali ndi kubuula kwa eni eni omwe akulota zochotsa akamba omwe adapeza kale?
Anthu awa, mwina sangatenge ndalama kuchokera kwa inu ndipo mosangalala sangakupatseni tortilla yawo, komanso malowolo ake olemera (nyali, ziponi, zosefera, aquaterrarium).
Ndipo chinthu chomaliza. Ndi chisamaliro chosamalitsa, akamba ofiira ofiira amakhala zaka zosachepera 40-50, ndipo zitsanzo zosalekeza zimakhala zaka 80. Ngati mwakonzeka kulumikizana kwakanthawi ndi "ofiira", yang'anani chiweto chanu chamtsogolo m'malo ochezera a pa Intaneti komanso pamisonkhano.
