Mkhalidwe wazachilengedwe ku China ndiwovuta kwambiri, ndipo mavuto adziko lino amakhudza chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi. Kuno matupi amadzi ndiodetsedwa kwambiri ndipo dothi likuwononga, kuli kuipitsa kwamphamvu kwamlengalenga komanso gawo la nkhalango likuchepa, komanso kulibe madzi akumwa.
Vuto lowononga mpweya
Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti vuto lalikulu kwambiri ku China ndi utsi wakupha, womwe umadetsa mlengalenga. Gwero lalikulu ndikutulutsa kwa mpweya wa carbon dioxide, womwe umatulutsidwa ndi makina amagetsi am'dzikoli omwe amagwira ntchito pamalasha. Kuphatikiza apo, mpweya umasokonekera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito magalimoto. Komanso, zinthu izi ndi zinthu zimatulutsidwa mumlengalenga nthawi zonse:
- mpweya woipa;
- methane;
- sulfure;
- phenols;
- zitsulo zolemera.
Mphamvu yotentha mdziko muno, yomwe imachitika chifukwa cha utsi, imathandizira kutentha kwanyengo.
Vuto la kuwonongeka kwa Hydrosphere
Madzi owonongeka kwambiri mdziko muno ndi Yellow River, Yellow River, Songhua ndi Yangtze, komanso Lake Tai. Amakhulupirira kuti 75% ya mitsinje yaku China idadetsedwa kwambiri. Mkhalidwe wamadzi apansi panthaka siwabwino kwambiri: kuwononga kwawo ndi 90%. Magwero a kuipitsa:
- zinyalala zaboma;
- madzi onyansa amatauni ndi mafakitale;
- zopangidwa ndi mafuta;
- mankhwala (mercury, phenols, arsenic).
Kuchuluka kwa madzi onyansa osasamalidwa omwe amalowetsedwa m'malo amadzi mdzikolo akuti akukhala matani mabiliyoni ambiri. Kuchokera apa zikuwonekeratu kuti magwero amadzi otere sioyenera kumwa kokha, komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwapakhomo. Pankhaniyi, vuto lina lazachilengedwe likuwonekera - kuchepa kwa madzi akumwa. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito madzi akuda amadwala kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina, madzi a poizoni amapha.
Zotsatira zakuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe
Mtundu uliwonse wa kuipitsa, kusowa madzi akumwa ndi chakudya, miyoyo yochepa, komanso zinthu zina, zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwaumoyo wa anthu mdzikolo. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu aku China ali ndi khansa komanso matenda amtima. Zowopsa kwambiri ndi masitampu a ma virus osiyanasiyana a fuluwenza, mwachitsanzo, avian.
Chifukwa chake, China ndi dziko lomwe zachilengedwe zawo zili pamavuto. Ena akuti momwe zinthu ziliri pano zikufanana ndi nyengo yachisanu ya nyukiliya, ena amati pano pali "midzi ya khansa", ndipo enanso ndikuwalimbikitsa, kamodzi ku Middle Kingdom, osamwa konse madzi apampopi. M'boma lino, ndikofunikira kuchita zinthu mozama kuti muchepetse zovuta zachilengedwe, kuyeretsa ndikusunga zachilengedwe.
