Kulan

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Kulan (Equus hemionus) ndi nyama yokhala ndi ziboda zochokera kubanja la equine. Kunja, amafanana ndi bulu kapena kavalo wa Przewalski, komabe, nyama yokonda ufulu iyi, mosiyana ndi achibale ofanana nayo, sinayambe yawongoleredwa ndi munthu. Komabe, asayansi adatha kutsimikizira kuyamika ukatswiri wa DNA kuti kulan ndi makolo akutali a abulu amakono onse omwe akukhala ku Africa. Kalelo, amapezekanso ku North Asia, Caucasus ndi Japan. Zotsalira zakale zapezeka ku Arctic Siberia. Kulan idafotokozedwa koyamba ndi asayansi mu 1775.

Kufotokozera kwa kulan

Mtundu, kulan imakumbutsa za kavalo wa Przewalski, popeza ili ndi tsitsi la beige, lomwe limapepuka pamlomo ndi pamimba. Mane wamdima amayenda msana wonse ndipo amakhala ndi mulu wachidule komanso wolimba. Chovalacho ndi chachifupi komanso cholunjika m'chilimwe, ndipo chimakhala chotalikirapo komanso chopotana pofika nthawi yozizira. Mchira ndi wochepa thupi komanso wamfupi, ndi ngayaye yapadera kumapeto.

Kutalika konse kwa kulan kumafika masentimita 170-200, kutalika kuyambira koyambirira kwa ziboda mpaka kumapeto kwa thupi ndi 125 cm, kulemera kwa munthu wokhwima kumakhala pakati pa 120 mpaka 300 kg. Kulan ndi wokulirapo kuposa bulu wokhazikika, koma wocheperako kuposa kavalo. Zina zake zosiyana ndimakutu atali otalika komanso mutu waukulu. Nthawi yomweyo, miyendo ya nyama ndiyopapatiza, ndipo ziboda zimatambasuka.

Moyo ndi zakudya

Kulans ndi nyama yodyetsa nyama, chifukwa chake, amadya zakudya zamasamba. Sakhala ngati chakudya. Amakhala ochezeka kwambiri mnyumba zawo. Amakonda kucheza ndi ma kulan ena, koma amasamala enawo mosamala. Mahatchi amateteza mwakhama mahatchi ndi ana awo. Tsoka ilo, oposa theka la ana a kulan amamwalira asanakwanitse msinkhu wogonana, ndiye kuti, zaka ziwiri. Zifukwa zake ndizosiyana - izi ndi zolusa komanso kusowa kwa zakudya.

Nthawi zambiri, amuna akulu amathandizana polimbana ndi mimbulu, kumenya nkhondo ndi ziboda zawo. Komabe, njira zazikulu zotetezera kulan kwa adani ndizothamanga, zomwe, monga mahatchi othamanga, zimatha kufikira 70 km pa ola limodzi. Tsoka ilo, kuthamanga kwawo kumakhala kocheperako kuthamanga kwa chipolopolo, komwe nthawi zambiri kumafupikitsa moyo wa nyama zokongolazi. Ngakhale kuti kulan ndi nyama zotetezedwa, anthu opha nyama mosaka nyama nthawi zambiri amawasaka chifukwa cha chikopa chawo komanso nyama. Alimi amangowawombera kuti achotse milomo ina yomwe imadya zomera zomwe ziweto zingakwanitse.

Chifukwa chake, kutalika kwa moyo wa kulans kuthengo ndi zaka 7 zokha. Mu ukapolo, nthawi iyi yawirikiza.

Kubwezeretsanso anyezi

Abulu amtchire aku Asia ndi mahatchi a Przewalski poyamba amakhala m'mapiri, m'chipululu komanso m'chipululu, koma akavalo a Przewalski adatha kuthengo, ndipo anyezi adasowa koyambirira kwa zaka za zana la 20, kupatula anthu ochepa ku Turkmenistan. Kuyambira pamenepo, nyamazi zakhala zikutetezedwa.

Bukhara Breeding Center (Uzbekistan) idakhazikitsidwa mu 1976 kuti ibwezeretsenso ndikusunga mitundu yachilengedwe yamtchire. Mu 1977-1978 kulans asanu (amuna awiri ndi akazi atatu) adatulutsidwa m'derali kuchokera pachilumba cha Barsa-Kelmes ku Aral Sea. Mu 1989-1990, gululi lidakulirakulira mpaka anthu 25-30. Nthawi yomweyo, mahatchi asanu ndi atatu a Przewalski ochokera kumalo osungira nyama a Moscow ndi St.

Mu 1995-1998, kuwunika kwamitundu yonse iwiri kudachitika, zomwe zidawonetsa kuti kulans imasinthidwa kukhala nyengo zam'chipululu (pitani ku nkhani yakuti "Nyama zam'chipululu ndi zipululu).

Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha ntchito yolumikizana ya obereketsa ku Uzbekistan, masiku ano ma kulan angapezeke osati kokha m'dera lalikulu la Uzbekistan, komanso kumpoto kwa India, Mongolia, Iran ndi Turkmenistan.

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