Kuban ndi dera la Russia lomwe lili pafupi ndi North Caucasus. Lili ndi gawo lalikulu la Krasnodar Territory, chifukwa chake timakonda kuwaphatikiza kukhala lingaliro limodzi. Ngakhale Kuban imaphatikizaponso Republic of Adygea, gawo lina la Karachay-Cherkess Republic, kumadzulo kwa Stavropol Territory komanso kumwera kwa Dera la Rostov.
Umu ndi momwe ziliri, Kuban - wamkulu, wowolowa manja komanso osiyanasiyana, nyengo, zomera ndi zinyama. Mtsinje waukulu, womwe umatchedwa dera, umagawika magawo awiri: kumwera - phiri ndi mapiri, ndi kumpoto - mosabisa. Kuban yonse ili ndi mitsinje yambiri ndi mitsinje.
Kuphatikiza apo, kumwera chakumadzulo kuli nyanja yayikulu kwambiri yamadzi oyera mu Krasnodar Territory - Abrau. Tikakumbukira nyanja za karst, nyanja zam'mphepete mwa nyanja, zomwe zilipo zambiri pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Azov ndi Taman, komanso mapiri ophulika matope, mpumulo wosiyanasiyana wa Taman Peninsula, ndiye kuti mukumvetsetsa kuti pali zinthu zoposa zokwanira zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wa Kuban.
M'dera limodzi, mutha kuwona kusintha kwa nyengo zitatu. Kontinenti yotentha imasanduka Mediterranean youma pang'ono pakati pa Anapa ndi Tuapse, komwe kudera lamapiri, komanso kumwera chakumwera - m'malo otentha kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo m'malo osiyanasiyana nyengo imatha kukhala yotentha komanso yozizira, yonyowa komanso youma.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya mbalame ku Kuban, yozizira komanso yosamuka
M'nyengo yachisanu kumakhala ofatsa kwambiri, pomwe miyezi yotentha imakhala yotentha. Izi zimakopa nyama zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mbalame. Pali mbalame zambiri pano, zoposa mitundu 300. Ngakhale kungolemba mayina a mbalame za Kuban zidzakhala zovuta ndipo ntchitoyi idzatenga nthawi yayitali. Zikuwoneka kuti m'dera lino, zitsanzo zonse zapakhomo.
Chomvetsa chisoni ndichakuti ambiri a iwo ali kale pangozi kapena mitundu yovuta. Chifukwa chake, tikambirana za iwo koyambirira. Ndikosavuta kugawa mbalame m'magulu malinga ndi malo okhala. Mbalame za Kuban pali nkhalango, steppe, madzi (mtsinje, nyanja ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja). Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino za mbalame zina zosangalatsa m'gulu lililonse.
Mbalame zamtchire za Kuban
Nkhalango zimakhala pafupifupi kotala la gawo lachigawochi. Ambiri mwawo ndi osakhazikika, makamaka nkhalango za oak ndi beech. Ndipo mitengo 5% yokha ndiyo idatsalira. Kukwera kwamapiri kumachulukitsa zomera komanso nyengo. M'malo mwa nkhalango, mapiri a mapiri omwe ali ndi masamba ochepa.
pafupi ndi Taman kuli zigwa zokhala ndi mayaya. M'nkhalango mumakhala nkhwangwa, nkhunda zakutchire, ma jays, ma orioles, zopota zagolide, kadzidzi ndi mawere. Pakati pa mbalame pali okonda mkatikati mwa mapiri ndi mapiri ataliatali - nkhunda ndi nkhunda yamwala. Mpheta, akalulu, odzigudubuza amtundu wamtambo amakhala m'nkhalango, m'malo ochepa ndi mitsinje yamadzi osefukira.
Mphungu yamphongo
Amakhala m'nkhalango zosakanikirana nthawi zina. Ndizofala kwambiri ku Kuban. Makulidwe ali pafupi ndi nkhwangwa, koma ili ndi mawonekedwe a chiwombankhanga - mlomo wakuthwa wokhotakhota, miyendo yoluka nthenga, mchira wopingasa. Wingspan mpaka 1.3 m.
Nthengawo ndi bulauni yakuda ndi utoto wofiira wagolide ndi bulauni wonyezimira wokhala ndi mdima wapansi. Ili ndi mutu wawukulu komanso miyendo yaubweya. Zimadya makoswe, mbalame zazing'ono, njoka ndi abuluzi, nyama zazing'ono, zimawononga zisa za mbalame zina ndi nyerere. Itha kumenya njoka yapoizoni, ndikupha nayo mutu wake ndi mlomo wake. Komabe, nthawi zambiri amadwala kuluma.
Ziwombankhanga zimakhala m'nkhalango ndi minda ya Kuban
Anthu akuda aku Caucasus
Mbalame yamapiri yomwe imakhala kunja kwa nkhalango, komwe imamanga zisa zake m'nkhalango zowirira. Grouse yakuda iyi ndiyocheperako kuposa nthumwi wamba, koma yokongola kwambiri. Nthenga zazikulu ndi zakuda buluu, m'mphepete mwa mapiko muli malire oyera, nsidze zofiira kwambiri.
Zodzikongoletsera za amuna ndi mchira, woluka pansi. Akazi amawoneka ofooka kwambiri. Black grouse imadyetsa zipatso, mbewu ndi singano, zomwe zimakhala chakudya chambiri m'miyezi yachisanu. Amadya tizilombo m'nyengo yotentha, ndipo amadyetsa anapiye omwe akukula nawo.
Mphungu yagolide
Ndi mbalame yayikulu yodya nyama yomwe imakhala muudzu, posankha malo osafikika a zisa pamapiri amiyala. Ndi mbalame yodya nyama yapamwamba kwambiri, imangodya nyama - makoswe, mbalame zazing'ono.
Kumtchire, ilibe mdani. Nthengazo ndi zofiirira, nthenga zingapo zachikasu zimawoneka kumbuyo kwa mutu. Mapikowo ndi otambalala, otambalala 2m.
Mu Middle Ages "adaphunzitsidwa" kusaka. Phunziro ili, iye ndi wamkulu - mwachangu, amakhala ndi maso abwino komanso amachita bwino kwambiri.
Buluzi
Nthenga zokhumba kudya. Amalitchula choncho chifukwa cha phokoso lomwe limapanga. Amakhala owoneka bwino komanso onyansa kotero kuti zikuwoneka kuti si mbalame, koma mphaka wa Marichi yemwe "akubuula".
Mverani mawu a khungubwe
Mbalame zolusa za Kuban m'nkhalangoyi imayimiridwanso ndi akadzidzi ndi akadzidzi.
1. Kadzidzi wamkulu tsopano ndi yosowa kwambiri, ndi nyama yofunika kwambiri kwa osaka ndi akatswiri amisonkho. Kukula kwake pafupifupi 70 cm, kulemera kwake 2.7-3.3 kg. Amawuluka mwakachetechete komanso mwachangu, amasaka makoswe ang'onoang'ono usiku. Mtunduwo ndi wofiira bulauni, wosiyanasiyana. Maso ndi ozungulira komanso anzeru.
Mverani mawu a kadzidzi
Kadzidzi ndi alendo obwera nthawi zambiri m'nkhalango za Kuban, mbalame zimawonedwa ndi mamvekedwe awo
2. Kadzidzi wamfupi - kusaka masana. Samakhala pansi kuti apumule pamitengo, koma pama bampu. Nthengayo imakhala yofiirira, imawala ndikuwala kwakaso.
3. Kadzidzi wokoma - amawoneka ngati chithaphwi, mithenga yokha pafupi ndi makutu imawonekera kwambiri, yomwe idatchedwa dzina. Kuphatikiza apo, nthenga zake zimakhala ndi mitundu yachikaso yocheperako, koma pali mitundu yambiri yamapiko.
4. Chiwombankhanga - kadzidzi wina wamng'ono. Kukula kwake kuli ngati nkhunda. Nthenga zokhala ndi mbewa zokhala ndi zikwapu zochepa. Lili ndi dzina chifukwa chakumveka kwa "sleepy-yu-yu" kotulutsidwa usiku.
Kupeza kadzidzi mu nkhalango ndizovuta kwambiri, chifukwa chakutha kwake kubisala
Mbalame steppe wa Kuban
Wopanda
Mbalame ya steppe. Ndi a banja la bustard. Nthenga zomwe zili pamwamba pake ndi beige ndi khofi wokhala ndi mawanga abulauni, m'mimba ndikoyera. Nthawi yokolola, amuna amakongoletsedwa ndi kolala yakuda pakhosi ndi mikwingwirima iwiri yoyera. Kuuluka kwa kakalulu kakang'ono ndikodabwitsa. Amakhala ngati amanjenjemera, kwinaku akupanga kulira kwa mluzu.
Mverani kwa bustard
Amakhala awiriawiri, amasonkhana m'magulu asananyamuke m'nyengo yozizira. Mbalame yaying'ono yodziwika imasiyanitsidwa ndi kudzipereka ndipo nthawi zambiri imamwalira pansi pa matayala kapena kuphatikiza, osasiya ana. Chakudya - tizilombo, mbewu. Imawulukira nyengo yozizira kuyambira kumapeto kwa Seputembara.
Njoka
Njoka yamphongo. Nthawi zina amatchedwa krachun. Amakhala m'mapiri ouma, pomwe pamakhala zokolola zochepa komanso mitengo yosawerengeka yodzala mazira. Kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi 70 cm, mapiko ake ndi a 1.7 mpaka 1.9 mita. Mtundu wamwamuna ndi wamkazi ndi wofanana, anyamata okha ndi ochepa kukula.
Kuphatikiza pa njoka, imadyetsa mbalame, zokwawa zina ndi zina zakuya, ndi nyama zazing'ono. Anapiye amadyetsedwanso ndi njoka. Njira yodyetsera mwana siyophweka. Iye mwini amatulutsa chokwawa kuchokera pakamwa pa kholo. Komanso, kutalika kwa njokayo, zimatenga nthawi yayitali. Kenako mwana amamezanso kwa nthawi yayitali.
Steppe kestrel
Kambalame kakang'ono kodya nyama, kofanana ndi nkhunda. Zimasiyanasiyana mokweza, makamaka nthawi yokhwima komanso anapiyewo atasiya chisa. Amadyetsa tizilombo tambiri, makoswe ang'onoang'ono, njoka zazing'ono ndi chiswe.
Zimakhala kuti kestrel amadya kwambiri kotero kuti sangathe kunyamuka. Kenako, mwachangu, atadula zala zake, akuthamanga pansi kulowera komweko. Koma pothawa sikukana kukatenga dzombe lina kapena ziwala. Nthawi zambiri amasaka gulu la ziweto, akuwuluka motsetsereka pazitali.
Mwala wa miyala
Mbalameyi ndi yaying'ono kukula, imakonda malo okwera kwambiri. Akazi amawoneka odzichepetsa, amangokhala ndi mkanjo wofiirira. Ndipo amunawo ndiabwino kwambiri - ali ndi bere lalanje komanso mutu wabuluu. Mlomo ndi wautali. Zisa zimamangidwa m'miyala.
Kaiti yakuda
Mbalame yolemera pakati, imadya makoswe, zokwawa, mbalame zazing'ono ndi zovunda. Ali ndi mchira wautali, wamutu wawung'ono ndi mapiko otambalala omwe amayenda mlengalenga. Pansi pake pamakhala kalipeti kakang'ono kouluka.
Magawo omata
Mbalame zazing'ono zolemera mpaka 0,5 kg. Amathamanga pansi ndikuuluka molimba mtima. Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kunyamuka popanda kuthamanga, molunjika. Zisa zimayikidwa mwachindunji pansi. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amawonongedwa ndi makoswe ndi nyama zazing'ono.
Wopanda
Mwa mbalame zouluka, zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zazikulu kwambiri. Nthenga ndi motley, mtundu waukulu ndi khofi ndi mkaka. Miyendo yolimba imalola kuti bastard ithamange mwachangu, ndipo kuyankha bwino kumathandiza kubisala liwiro la mphezi. Nthawi zambiri amasunga m'modzi m'modzi, amapanga awiri okha kuti abereke.
Woimira Red Book, bustard amathanso kupezeka ku Kuban
Kuyikidwa m'manda
Chilombo chokhala ndi diso lakuthwa ndi "mendulo" yeniyeni. Kukula kwake ndi kwakukulu, mapiko ake ndi amphamvu, ndipo mchira ndi wocheperako. Amadya nyama zatsopano komanso zovunda.
Steppe mphungu
Ali mgulu loyamba la adani. Kukula kwake ndi kwakukulu, mawonekedwe ake ndi okhwima, milomo ndi yolumikizidwa, imawoneka yoopsa komanso yowopsa. Chimaonekera ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu kunsi kwa mlomo. Pothawa, mapikowo "amakumbatira" malo a mita ziwiri.
Nkhono yotulutsa peregine
Kabawi wa peregine - amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazinyama zothamanga kwambiri. Nzosadabwitsa kuti sitima yathu yothamanga kwambiri yotchuka "Moscow - St. Petersburg" idatchulidwa polemekeza mbalameyi.
Merlin
Nyama yokongola kuchokera kubanja la mphamba. Ndi yayikulu kuposa mphete ya peregrine, ngakhale imawoneka ngati iyo. Nthengazo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopepuka, pafupifupi zoyera, kapena zosiyanasiyananso, koma ndimadontho oyera oyera. Chifukwa chake dzina lachiwiri - "falcon yoyera"
Mbalame zam'mbali
Mitsinje ndi mitsinje yamadzi osefukira ndi malo abwino mbalame. Pali mitundu yoposa 200 ya iwo. Ambiri amabwera kokha nthawi yogona, koma ena amakhala nyengo yozizira.
Heron
Kapena nswala usiku. Mosiyana ndi abale ake, ilibe miyendo yayitali, khosi ndi mulomo. Mbalame zazing'ono zimakhala ndi nthenga zofiirira. Kukula, amavala suti yowala - pamimba pamasanduka choyera, kumbuyo kumasintha kukhala kwakuda, mzere wovekera umatuluka pakamwa pamsana.
Amakhala pafupi ndi malo osungiramo madzi omwe ali ndi masamba obiriwira, pafupi ndi nyanja zamtchire. Heron amakhala usiku. Masana, silimayenda, madzulo limakhala ndi moyo ndipo limatengedwa kukasaka achule ndi nsomba.
Spoonbill
Mbalame zosamukasamuka za banja la ibis. Akufanana pang'ono ndi mphalapala, koma womangidwa bwino, ndipo ali ndi nthenga zoyera kwathunthu. Pochita izi, miyendo yakuda imawonekera kwambiri. Mlomo ndiwonso wakuda, wopingasa komanso wolimba, wokulungika mpaka kumapeto.
Amasankha nawo mphutsi, mwachangu nsomba kapena tadpoles, komanso zomera zam'madzi kuchokera pansi pamtsinje. Amakhala pafupi ndi malo osungira mabedi. Mukapanga zowonera pazenera ndi dzina loti "Mbalame za Kuban pachithunzichi", The spoonbill adzawoneka wokongola kwambiri kuthawa - mngelo woyera weniweni.
Mkate
Zimakhudzanso ibis. Amakonda kusambira pafupi ndi matupi amadzi atsopano komanso amchere pang'ono. Ali ndi nthenga zokongola - motley-bulauni, koma zonse zimakutidwa ndi zipsera zobiriwira zobiriwira. Amakhala ndi lingaliro loti iyi ndi brocade yokwera mtengo.
Amakhala m'midzi, ndipo amakhala pafupi ndi mbalame zina zam'madzi - zitsamba zam'madzi, ma spoonbill ndi nkhanu. Amagona m'mitengo usiku wonse. Amasaka nyama zam'madzi zopanda nsomba, nsomba ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, ndikuwatenga m'madzi mothandizidwa ndi mlomo wautali, wopindika pang'ono kutsika.
Osprey
Amadyetsa makamaka nsomba, chifukwa chake amakhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi abwino. Chisa champhamvu (mpaka 1 mita kutalika mpaka 70 cm m'mimba mwake) chimamangidwa pamalo osafikika - pazilumba zazing'ono, pamitengo yakugwa. Amakondanso kusodza pansi pamadzi.
Izi zimathandizidwa ndi mavavu amphuno, omwe amalepheretsa madzi kulowa m'mphuno mukamadziŵa pang'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi miyendo yayitali mokwanira chilombo chokhala ndi chala chakunja chopindika kumbuyo. Chifukwa cha iwo, iye amagwira ndi kugwira nsomba poterera.
Cormorant
Amakonda kukhazikika kuma geu. Ili ndi khosi lalitali, nthenga zakuda zonyezimira komanso mapiko akuluakulu olimba. Amadyetsa nsomba, ndipo amadya osachepera 1.5-2 kg patsiku. Zimasambira bwino, ndipo zimatha kusambira ndi nyama.
A Cormorants amakhala pagombe la Black Sea, amasonkhana m'magulu akulu
Mphekesera za ku Caucasus
Amakhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi. Nthawi zambiri amasunthira pansi, ndikofunikira kuyenda ndi miyendo yolimba yayitali. Pheasant imawuluka ngati njira yomaliza. Zisa zimamangidwa pazitsamba zovuta kufikako. Chakudya - Colorado kafadala, tizilombo tina ndi zipatso.
Banja la pheasants lomwe likudyetsa m'munda sizomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri ku Kuban
Mphungu yoyera
Yaikulu ndi zazikulu nyama. Thupi lake limakhala lokulira pafupifupi 0.9-1 m, ndipo mapiko mwamphamvu amatambasula mamita 2.3. Mbalameyi imalemera pafupifupi 7 kg. Mphuno yamayendedwe abulauni, motsutsana ndi mdimawu, mchira woyera umawonekera kwambiri.
Amadyetsa makamaka nsomba zatsopano, pambuyo pake "zimadumphira" m'madzi. Komabe, ngati kuli kotheka, amathanso kudya nsomba yozizira, makamaka nthawi yozizira. Kuphatikiza apo, imasaka nyama, mbalame zam'madzi, zitsamba zam'madzi, abakha. Anthuwo adamupatsa dzina loti "imvi". Amakhulupirira kuti kuwuluka kwake kotsika kunaneneratu za nyengo yoipa.
Chiwombankhanga cha pinki
Wokhala ndi nthenga za kukongola kosowa, mtundu wa mbandakucha. Okhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, amasunga nsapato. Amadyetsa nsomba ndi nkhono. Kupatula mtundu, apo ayi zimawoneka ngati ziwalo zonse - thupi lalikulu, miyendo yayifupi yokhala ndi zala zakuthwa ndi mlomo waukulu wokhala ndi chikwama cha "nsomba" pansipa.
Crane ya Demoiselle
Amawerengedwa kuti ndi ochepera banja la crane. Kukula - mpaka 0.9 m, ndipo thupi silimalemera 3 kg. Nthenga - zowala bwino zobiriwira zakuda pamutu, kutsogolo kwa khosi ndi chifuwa, pomwe nthenga zimawonetsedwa ngati "zofewa" zofewa.
Palinso nthenga zakuda pansi pa mchira wautali. Ndipo mbalame yokongolayi imakongoletsedwa ndi magulu enanso oyera oyera a nthenga atapachikidwa pamutu ngati ndevu. Mwambiri, nthenga imawoneka yokongola komanso yokongola. Pomwe limatchedwa dzina lake. Mawu ofatsa, opindika amawonjezeranso mawonekedwe abwino.
Mbalame zam'madzi
Wosalala kapena wokulira
Ili pafupi ndi bakha kukula kwake, pafupifupi 40 cm kutalika. Amakhala kumtunda kwa Kuban, amakonda nyanja zam'mphepete mwa nyanja. Amamanga chisa molunjika pamadzi, m'mabango kapena pazilumba zazing'ono zoyandama. Nthenga zonse ndimakala, pamphumi pokha pali chikopa choyera, chomwe chimadutsa mulomo.
Maso ndi ofiira, ndi miyendo yopyapyala, yokhala ndi zala zamphamvu kwambiri. Anapiye ang'onoang'ono alibe kadontho koyera pamutu pake; pamenepo ali ndi khungu la dazi. Koma mlomo ndi wopepuka kale.
Khosilo ndi wokhala kwamuyaya m'madamu a Kuban
Chiwombankhanga chopindika
Amakhala pa Taman Peninsula. Amadyetsa nsomba, chifukwa chake anthu akuchepa kwambiri chifukwa cha kuipitsa matupi amadzi. Mbali yapadera ndi nthenga zopindika pakhosi ndi kumutu. Chovala chonsecho ndi choyera chipale chofewa, thupi ndi lalikulu, mapiko ake amakhala otalika mpaka 3 mita. Mlomo ndiwokulirapo - mpaka theka la mita kutalika ndi thumba lachikopa lochititsa chidwi pansipa.
Chegrava, PA
Mbalame yayikulu kwambiri yakunyama. Kutalika kwake kumatha kukhala mpaka 60 cm, kulemera pafupifupi 0.7 kg. Mapikowo amatambasula mamita 1.4. Ndi utoto woyera, zikhasu zokha, chipewa kumutu komanso kumapeto kwa mchira “wolukidwa” ndi wakuda.
Chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi mphuno yofiira. Pakati pa nthawi yogona, amakhala m'midzi. Pa zowalamulira, wamkazi ndi wamwamuna amakhala mosinthana. Amadyetsa nsomba, amadyetsa anapiye nawo. Koma nthawi zina tizilombo, kambalame kakang'ono kapena mbewa imagwidwa.
Chomga
Anthu amatcha "chimbudzi chachikulu" chifukwa cha zokongoletsa pamphepete mwa mutu, kukumbukira kolala ya bowa wakupha uja watchulidwa. Ndiwotuwa wonyezimira, wakuda komanso wosiyanasiyana kumbuyo. Chokongoletsera mutu ndi chakuda-chakuda.
Zisa zoyandama zimamangidwa ndi udzu ndi mabango. Pouluka kuti akapeze chakudya, mayiwo amaphimba chisa chawocho pamwamba ndi udzu wochokera kudzuwa. Kwa pafupifupi milungu iwiri yaikazi imanyamula anapiye kumbuyo mwamantha, kokha mwa apo ndi apo kumira m'madzi nawo. Mbalameyi imasambira bwino kwambiri, imatha kusambira chifukwa cha nsomba kapena nkhono.
Zitsamba
Mitundu ingapo imakhala ku Kuban nsungu - zoyera, zofiira ndi zachikasu... Otsatirawa sali ngati nthumwi za banja lawo, komanso ngati ibis kapena sandpiper, zokulirapo.Ankhandwe onse amakonda kuuluka kuchokera kumalo kupita kumalo, kusamuka kukafunafuna malo abwino. Amadyetsa nsomba ndi nkhono.
Mitundu yayikulu ya ntchentche ndi adokowe zitha kuwonetsedwa m'madzi osiyanasiyana a Kuban
Lankhulani ndi swan
Ndi mbalame yayikulu kwambiri. Zimakhala kuti amalemera pafupifupi 13 kg. Zimasiyana pamakhalidwe osokosera. Mosiyana ndi kubisalira kwa misika ya mbalame, komwe kumakhala tsekwe osakhalitsa, nthawi zambiri kumakhala bata. Nthawi ndi nthawi imangolira, chifukwa amatchedwa choncho.
Kuphatikiza pa ma swans osalankhula, mitundu ina ya swans imakhala ku Kuban.
Mtsinje wakuda wakuda
Mbalame zam'madzi zokhala ndi nthenga zamawangamawanga zosiyanaziyanasiyana. Pamapiko ndi pakhosi palinso mikwingwirima yopyapyala yakuda ndi yoyera, pachifuwa pamakhala malaya oyera kutsogolo, kumbuyo kwakeko kuli nthenga zakuda ndi zakuda zoyera. Mchira ndi mapiko ake amapindika. Zikuwoneka ngati utoto wa zovala zapamwamba kwambiri.
Tsekwe zofiira
Kwenikweni tsekwe, koma amawoneka ngati bakha. Imalemera mpaka 1.5 makilogalamu, matupi ake mpaka masentimita 55. Kumbuyo kwake kumakhala kwakuda kwa malasha, nthenga pansi pa mchira ndi pansi pamapiko zimakhala zoyera. Ndipo chotupa, mbali yakutsogolo ya chifuwa ndi mapiko enieniwo ndi ofiira ofiira. Chifukwa chake dzinalo. Maso a Amber ali ndi mbali yakuda. M'banja la tsekwe, amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa mbalame zowala kwambiri, malo osungira nyama.
Mbalame zam'madzi za Kuban Zimayimilidwa ndi mbalame zambiri zosangalatsa: abakha amaso oyera, cormorants ang'onoang'ono komanso opindika, ma lapwings, atsekwe otuwa, mbalame. Pamphepete mwa nyanja, mafunde am'nyanja, ma petrel ndi ma dive amakhazikika. Chakudya chawo ndi chachilendo kuposa cha anthu okhala m'madzi atsopano. Kuphatikiza pa nsomba, amasangalala kudya nkhanu, nkhanu ndi ziwawa.
M'dzinja, mbalame zambiri zimauluka kumwera kwa Asia, kupita ku India kapena ku Africa. Izi zimachitika makamaka ndi mbalame zomwe zimakhala kumpoto kwa dera. Zifukwa zazikulu zakuthawira ndikusowa chakudya chofunikira komanso kuzizira.
Mbalame zosamukira ku Kuban Zimayimilidwa ndi mbalame, ma wagtails, akumeza, ma lapwings, lark, warblers, mapaipi am'nkhalango, ma robins, orioles, redstarts.
Pofuna chilungamo, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti ena mwa iwo amawulukira kumwera kwa Kuban kuchokera kumadera ena akumpoto kwa Russia. Kuphatikiza pa mbalame zazing'ono, swans, atsekwe, heron, cranes, rooks, cuckoos, adokowe ndi abakha nthawi zonse amasonkhana pamsewu wachisanu.
Mbalame zoimba nyimbo zosangalatsa, zomwe zimakonda kuyambira kunyumba:
- Kutulutsa - mbalame yovuta, imakonda kuyenda m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuwuluka nthawi yozizira. Wokongoletsedwa ndi mutu wopindika. Zakudyazo zimaphatikizapo mbewu, zipatso ndi tizilombo. Nthawi zina mbalame yomwe imadyetsa kwambiri zipatso zopsereza "imaledzera" ndikusochera. Imaswa magalasi, kuwopseza anthu, ngakhale kufa kumene.
- Chizhi amayimba mokongola kwambiri komanso mozama, amakonda kusungidwa m'makola a kunyumba. Kuphatikiza pa ma roulade awo, amatha kubwereza kuimba kwa mbalame zina, komanso kutulutsa mawu ena.
Mverani kuimba kwa siskin
- Goldfinch komanso mbalame yanyimbo. Amamatira kumalo otseguka. Sichiwopa makamaka kuzizira, koma nthawi zambiri pagulu amatha kuwuluka pafupi ndi malo opatsa thanzi.
Mverani nyimbo za goldfinch
- Nightingale - yotchuka kwambiri komanso yotchuka pakati pa mbalame zanyimbo. N'zoona kuti ena amakonda mbalame zina zazing'onoting'ono tothamanga kuposa kulira kwake kwamphamvu. Kunja nondescript, koma ma roulades amatha kuwonetsa osiyanasiyana kwambiri, popeza ali ndi zochepa zofanana.
- Kusamuka kumaphatikizapo mbalame yaying'ono kwambiri ya Kuban – Chikumbu chamutu wachikaso... Chimawoneka ngati mpira wawung'ono wonyezimira, wokhala ndi mchira ndi khosi laling'ono kwambiri, koma mutu wawukulu mopambanitsa. Kumbuyo kumakhala kobiriwira, mimba ndi imvi, mzere wachikaso wokhala ndi malire akuda umadutsa vertex. Mbalame yopanda mpumulo, imatenga mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana panthambi, nthawi zambiri imapachikika mozondoka.
Mu Novembala 2019, kampeni ya "Grey Neck" idatha ku Imereti Lowland. Cholinga chake ndikulembanso mbalame zam'madzi zomwe zatsalira. Kuphatikiza pa akatswiri oyang'anira mbalame, anthu wamba komanso odzipereka adalowa nawo.
Mbalame zachisanu za Kuban idzajambulidwa, kulembedwanso, mndandandawu ukulonjeza kukhala wathunthu kwambiri m'mbiri ya Krasnodar Territory. Koma mpheta, mawere, akhwangwala, nkhunda, nkhwangwa, agalu, jackdaws, komanso ma crossbill, akadzidzi, akadzidzi a chiwombankhanga, akadzidzi, nkhwangwa ndi nkhonya sizimachoka kwenikweni, koma zimakhalabe nthawi yozizira.
Nthawi yozizira kwambiri pachaka, anthu amapanga odyetsa titmice ndi ng'ombe zamphongo kuti adyetse mbalame zowuma. M'mizinda, nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona abakha omwe sanatuluke, omwe amasambira mdzenje. Anthu akumatauni amawadyetsanso.
Mbalame za Red Book za Kuban
Red Book ya Kuban idawonekera koyamba mu 1994, koma idalembetsedwa mwalamulo kokha mu 2001. Tsopano ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 60 ya mbalame zosowa komanso zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha. Zimaphatikizapo pafupifupi mbalame zonse zomwe tidakambirana m'magawo am'mbuyomu.
Sizingakhale zomveka kuwalembanso, ndipo aliyense akhoza kudziwa mndandandawu m'mbiri yathu Mbalame za Red Book of Russia. Koma zili m'manja mwathu kuletsa kuwonjezeka kwake.
