Zolemba za falgine ndi malo okhala
Peregrine Falcon ndi mbalame yodya nyama yomwe ili ndi liwiro lalikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Falcon ya peregrine yochokera kubanja la falcon ndi wachibale wa gyrfalcon ndipo onsewa amagawana nawo ulemerero wa mbalame zothamanga kwambiri pazamoyo zonse zomwe zimakhala padziko lathu lapansi.
Izi ndi mbalame zazing'ono, koma kuchokera kwa abale awo, ma phala a peregrine, mwina, amatha kutengedwa ngati mbalame zazikulu kwambiri. Omenyera kumwamba awa, ofananako kukula ndi khwangwala wovala nsalu, amalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu kapena pang'ono pang'ono, amuna mpaka 1500 g; ndipo kutalika kumatalika kuchokera 35 mpaka 40 cm, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala ochulukirapo, akuyandikira theka la mita.
Monga mukuwonera chithunzi cha peregrine falcon, thupi lokongola la nthenga izi, lopangidwa kuti liziyenda mwachangu:
- ali ndi mawonekedwe owongoka;
- mapikowo ndi aakulu ndi nsonga zosongoka;
- bwino chitukuko ndi minofu pachifuwa;
- mchira suli wautali kwambiri, wozungulira kumapeto.
Zonsezi mawonekedwe amakonzedwe, operekedwa ndi chilengedwe, amathandizira kukulitsa liwiro lakuuluka kwa mbalame ya peregrine, yomwe ilibe chofanana pakati pa zolengedwa zosiyanasiyana zouluka, zothamanga komanso zokwawa zomwe zimakhala padziko lapansi.
Maso a nyama yopupuluma ija akutuluka, yayikulu; Mlomo woboola chikwakwa, wamphamvu, koma osati motalika, wokhala ndi mbedza kumapeto. Kupitiliza peregrine falcon kufotokozera mbalame, ndizosatheka kutchula miyendo yake yayitali, yopyapyala, yamphamvu yokhala ndi zikhadabo zamphamvu komanso zowongoka.
Gawo lakumtunda la nthenga ndi lofiirira, pansi, monga lamulo, ndimayendedwe oyera kapena owala okhala ndi utoto wofiyira komanso mtundu wodziwika bwino wa "hawkish": pamimba, mbali ndi kumapeto kwa mchira kuli mizere yopingasa yakuda kapena yakuda. Mu mbalame zazing'ono, kusiyanasiyana kwa nthenga sikutchulidwa kwenikweni. Mlomo wa kandwe wa peregrine ndi miyendo yake ndichikaso, mawu ake ndi okweza.
Mbalame zoterezi zimapezeka m'makontinenti ambiri padziko lapansi. Khungu lachifwamba – mbalame, ofala ku Ulaya, Africa ndi America, komanso kuzilumba za Pacific ndi Madagascar.
Mbalame zimakonda malo otseguka, chifukwa chake zimapezeka pamtengo, ma steppes ndi tundra, omwe amakhalanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Sakonda nkhalango, koma modzipereka amakhala m'mizinda yaying'ono komanso yayikulu, amakhala m'malo omwe ali ndi omanga nyumba, komanso midzi yaying'ono ndi matchalitchi akuluakulu.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa nkhono ya peregrine
Makoko a Peregine, omwe amakhala kumadera otentha komanso kumadera akumwera, nthawi zambiri samachoka kwawo, kutengera nyengo. Koma omwe amakhala kumpoto chakumtunda, nthawi yozizira amasamukira kumalo otentha.
Falcon ya peregrine imakhala mlengalenga mosavuta, ikugwira ntchito ndi mapiko ake pafupipafupi, kugwira mosavuta ndikupeza ena mbalame. Kuthamanga kwa falcon ndi kayendedwe kabwino kabwino kumakhala mpaka 110 km / h.
Koma iyi si mbiri ya mbalame zoterezi. Mbalamezi zimadziwika kuti ndi akatswiri, zomwe zimatsetsereka kwambiri. Ndipo munthawi ngati izi, amayenda liwiro lofika 300 km / h, lomwe limalowetsa m'maso ndikuchita chidwi ndi owonerera, ndikupereka chifukwa chovomerezera peregrine falcon ndiye mbalame yofulumira kwambiri kuchokera ku zolengedwa zadziko lathu lapansi.
Mbalamezi zimakhala ndi adani okwanira m'chilengedwe, koma zokhazokha zokhazokha zomwe zimatha kukhala zowopsa kwa iwo. Koma mbalame za peregrine ndi mbalame zamphamvu komanso zolimba mtima, zotha kudziteteza mwakhama, polimbana ndi olakwirawo.
Mwamuna wa mphamba wa peregrine wakhala akuwopseza nthawi zonse, koma m'malo mwake, nthawi zambiri amayesera kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe owoneka bwino amphezi olimba mtima, othamanga komanso opunduka kuti amuthandize, kuweta ndikuwapangitsa kukhala mbalame zosaka.
Peregrine Falcon imayamba kuthamanga kwambiri mukamakwera ndege
Umu ndi momwe mafumu, ma sultan amphamvu ndi akalonga olemekezeka adazichitira kuyambira nthawi zakale ku Middle Ages. Ndipo chifukwa chake adasaka akalulu, atsekwe, abakha, zitsamba, nkhunda ndi zina mbalame.
Gulani falcon ya peregrine ndizotheka munthawi yathu ino, chifukwa kuswana kwa osaka nthenga m'minda yazapadera kumachitabebe. Ndipo oimira banja la mphamba akupitilizabe kutumikira mtundu wa anthu, womwe umapeza ntchito zatsopano kwa iwo.
Mwachitsanzo, ma eyapoti amakono nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mbalame kuopseza ziweto zawo pafupi. mbalame. Mtengo wa Peregine Falcon zimatengera zaka za munthuyo, komanso mawonekedwe ake akunja ndi kusaka, ndipo pakadali pano ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 25,000.
Chakudya cha Falcon
Peregrine Falcon ndi mbalame yodya nyama, wokhala ndi lakuthwa, ngati odula, zikhadabo zake. Ndi iwo, amaponyera ozunzidwa, kuwukira kuchokera kumwamba, ngati mbala, kuthamanga kwambiri.
Omukhudzidwa nthawi zambiri samakhala nyama zazikulu kwambiri, makamaka makoswe ang'onoang'ono. Mbalame zamphongo zamphamba zimasakanso zolengedwa zamapiko, monga lamulo, zazikulu zapakatikati, monga mbalame, nkhono ndi nkhunda.
Ndipo munthawi yolera ana, omwe amayenera kudyetsedwa ndi nyama zoyenera, mbalame zazing'ono kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, mpheta, zimatha kudwala zilombozi. Koma ma peregrine falcons amatha kumenya ndi kupambana ngakhale ndi otsutsa ambiri. Abakha, atsekwe ndi anyani nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati chakudya chawo chamadzulo.
Chimbudzi cha Peregine ndi nyama
Popeza mbalame zotchedwa peregrine falcards zimayenda msanga msanga kwambiri kuposa kuuluka mopingasa, mbalamezi zimakhala ndi njira yosakira yoyenera. Amakonda kusapeza zinthu zosunthira, koma amasaka omwe amawazunza m'malo obisalapo: kuchokera pamwamba pa mtengo wouma kapena kudikirira moleza mtima m'miyala, kenako ndikuwathamangira modzidzimutsa, kuwapeza ndikuwaukira. Kutenga mlengalenga, amapinda mapiko awo, ndipo pambuyo pake amathamangira kumalo osankhidwawo, ndikupha wovulalayo ndi mkokomo umodzi wamlomo wawo.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo chamoyo wa khanda lapa peregrine
Nthawi zambiri, atazolowera kukhala okha, nthawi yokhwima ndi kuberekera mazira, mphamba amatha kupanga awiriawiri. Ndiwo mbalame zokhazokha zomwe zimasungabe zomata zawo mpaka kufa. Ndipo maukwati a peregine falcon amamalizidwa, munjira yeniyeni, kumwamba, ndiye kuti, pothawa. Pochita ziwonetsero zakuthambo mlengalenga, yamphongo imasamutsira nyama yake kwa wosankhidwa wake pa ntchentche, ndiye maziko a mwambowu.
Mitundu yokwatirana ya mbalame zamphongo zokhala pagulu zimakhala m'malo ena ndikuzilondera mosamala, ndikuchotsa kumeneko abale awo ndi mbalame zina, nthawi zina kumenyera ufulu wawo ngakhale ndi mbalame zazikulu: akhwangwala ndi ziwombankhanga. Madera okhala ndi nkhono za peregrine zomanga zisa ndikulera ana ndizochulukirapo ndipo zimakhudza dera, nthawi zina, mpaka 10 mita mita. Km.
Komano, ndichosangalatsa kudziwa kuti mbalamezi, zomwe pansi pake zimakhala zofunikira kudya nyama zamphamba: atsekwe, swans ndi atsekwe, pafupi ndi zisa zawo amadzimva otetezedwa komanso otetezeka, chifukwa, monga aliyense mbalame ya mphepo, ma perecine falcons alibe chizolowezi chosaka mdera lawo. Ndipo nyama zina zomwe zimadya nthenga sizikhala pachiwopsezo kwa omwe angazunzidwe, chifukwa alonda atcheru amathamangitsa omwe akupikisana nawo.
Peregrine falcon wamkazi wokhala ndi anapiye
Akatswiri akuuluka, ma peregrine falcons siomwe ali ndi luso lokonza zisa. Amakongoletsa nyumba zawo pogwiritsa ntchito timitengo tating'ono, ndikuphimba ndi nthenga. Chifukwa chake, mphalapala wa peregrine nthawi zambiri amatenga zokongola kupita ku zisa za mbalame zaluso kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, akhwangwala, kuthamangitsa eni nyumba zawo mosavomerezeka.
Makoko a Peregrine amakonda mapiri okwera, omwe amangogwiritsa ntchito osati miyala yokha, komanso nyumba zazitali kwambiri zomangidwa ndi anthu. Ndipo akangosankha malo, atha kukhala kumeneko osati zaka zambiri komanso moyo wawo wonse, komanso kuwapatsiranso mbadwa zawo.
Mbalame zanzeruzi zimakhalanso ndi malo obisalapo, omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'malo athyathyathya. Ndipo amatha kuyimiranso malo obisalira osavuta. Mwachitsanzo, ziwonetsero zazing'ono pansi.
Pachithunzicho, anapiye ndi mazira a falcon pachisa
Kumapeto kwa kasupe, mai peregrine falcons nthawi zambiri amagona zisa zawo, kenako amasungunuka kwa milungu isanu yotsatira, pafupifupi mazira atatu, omwe amakhala ndi utoto wowoneka bwino.
Anapiye a ntchentche aswa posachedwa amaundana ndikuwakumbatira amayi awo. Ndipo bamboyo amapatsa banja lonse chakudya. Zimatetezeranso adani omwe angawopseze anapiye.
Amatha kukhala mbalame zazikulu komanso zodya nyama. Kwa ana ang'onoang'ono, makolo amathyola chakudya tizidutswa tating'onoting'ono, tomwe ndi ulusi wa nyama, kuzolowera anapiye kukadya nyama zodya nyama.
Pachithunzicho pali mwana wankazi wamphongo
Patatha mwezi umodzi, ankhandwe otchedwa peregrine omwe amangopangidwa kumene amaphimbidwa ndi nthenga ndikuyesera kuwuluka, ndipo posakhalitsa amayamba kuphunzira zizolowezi zosaka. Ndiye, mwachizolowezi, amalowa m'moyo wodziyimira pawokha. Ndipo pofika zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu amakhala atayamba kale mabanja awo. Ma Falcine achikunja amakhala pafupifupi kotala la zana.
