Shark yokhala ndi mapiko aatali (mapiko ataliatali) (Carcharhinus longimanus) ndi nthumwi ya viviparous shark.
Kugawidwa kwa fin fin shark.
Nsomba zazitali kwambiri zimakhala m'madzi otentha ndipo zimafalitsidwa kwambiri m'nyanja za Indian, Atlantic ndi Pacific. Nsombazi zimasuntha ndi madzi m'mphepete mwa Gulf Stream nthawi yachilimwe. Njira zosamukira zimadutsa m'madzi a Maine nthawi yachilimwe, chakumwera kupita ku Argentina kumadzulo kwa Atlantic Ocean. Dera lawo lamadzi limaphatikizaponso kumwera kwa Portugal, Gulf of Guinea komanso kumpoto kwa malo otentha a Nyanja ya Atlantic. Shark amayenda kummawa kuchokera ku Atlantic kupita ku Mediterranean nthawi yachisanu. Amapezekanso mdera la Indo-Pacific, lomwe limaphatikizapo Nyanja Yofiira, East Africa kupita ku Hawaii, Tahiti, Samoa ndi Tuamotu. Mtunda wokutidwa ndi nsombayo ndi makilomita 2800.
Malo okhalapo shark yaitali.
Nsomba zazitali kwambiri zimakhala mdera la pelagic m'nyanja. Amasambira osachepera 60 mita pansi pamadzi, koma nthawi zina m'madzi osaya mpaka 35 mita. Mtunduwu suyandikira kunyanja.
Magulu ena a nsombazi amalumikizidwa ndi madera ena kumene kuli miyala, monga Great Barrier Reef. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'malo okhala ndi mpumulo wokwera. Amapezekanso ochulukirapo m'matanthwe a m'matanthwe, omwe ndi timing'alu tating'onoting'ono pakati pamapangidwe amchere. M'malo otere, nsomba zimasaka ndikupumula.
Zizindikiro zakunja kwa shark yaitali.
Nsomba zazitali kwambiri zimatchedwa dzina lawo kuchokera kuzipsepse zawo zazitali, zokulirapo zokhala ndi m'mbali mwake. Woyamba wam'mbali wam'mbuyo wam'mimbamo, wam'mimba, wam'miyendo (ma lobes apamwamba ndi apansi), komanso zipsepse za m'chiuno zokhala ndi mawanga oyera. Mbali yam'mbali yamthupi imatha kukhala yofiirira, imvi kapena imvi-yamkuwa, imvi-buluu, ndipo mimba ndi yoyera yoyera kapena yachikaso. Mitunduyi imasiyanitsa ndipo imachepetsa mwayi wopezeka ndi nyama yomwe ikufuna.
Thupi la nsombazi limakhala lokhazikika ndi mphuno yayifupi, yosamveka. Akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu kuposa amuna omwe amakhala ndi kutalika kwa mita 3.9 ndikulemera mpaka 170 kilogalamu. Amuna amatha kufikira 3 mita ndikulemera mpaka 167 kilogalamu. Amakhala ndi mphalapala yayikulu yomwe imawalola kuyenda msanga m'madzi. Imawonjezeranso kukhazikika kwa mayendedwe ndikuthandizira kukulitsa liwiro mosavuta. Mapeto a caudal ndi heterocercal.
Maso ndi ozungulira ndipo ali ndi nembanemba yolakwika.
Mphuno zimawoneka bwino. Kutsegula pakamwa kofanana ndi kachigawo kali pansi. Pali magulu awiri a gill slits. Mano a nsagwada yakumunsi ndi yopapatiza, yoluka; pachibwano chapamwamba ali amakona atatu, otakata kuposa mano a nsagwada zakumunsi okhala ndi mbali zotsekedwa.
Achinyamata ndi zipsepse zakuda zakuda, ndipo kumapeto koyamba kumakhala ndi nsonga yachikasu kapena yoyera. Mtundu wakudawo umasowa ndipo utoto woyera umapezeka kumapeto kwa zipsepsezo.
Kuswana kwakutali kwa shark.
Nsomba zazitali kwambiri nthawi zambiri zimaswana zaka ziwiri zilizonse m'miyezi yoyambirira yotentha. Mitundu imeneyi ndi viviparous. Amuna ndi akazi amabala ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Mazirawo amakula ndikulandila zakudya m'thupi la mkazi. Mazirawo amaphatikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito umbilical chingwe, chomwe chimathandizira kusamutsa michere ndi mpweya m'mimba. Kukula kumatenga miyezi 9-12. Mwa anawo, pali ana 1-15, kutalika kwake kuchokera pa 60 mpaka 65 cm.
Nsomba zazitali zimakhala ndi zaka 15 kuthengo. Komabe, nthawi yayitali kwambiri yogona inalembedwa - zaka 22.
Khalidwe la nsombazi lomwe lakhazikika.
Nsombazi zimakhala ndi nyama zokhazokha, ngakhale nthawi zina zimapanga sukulu chakudya chikachuluka. Pofunafuna nyama, amasambira pang'onopang'ono, akuyenda kuchokera kumalo kupita kwina, akugwiritsa ntchito zipsepse zawo zam'mimba. Pali zochitika zina pomwe nsombazi zimapachikidwa mosakhazikika, dzikolo limachitika nsombazo zikagwira tulo kenako zimasiya kuyenda. Shark yaitali amatulutsa ma pheromones kuti adziwe gawo lawo.
Kudyetsa shark yayitali.
Nsomba zazitali kwambiri zomwe zimadya nsomba zazing'ono monga cheza, akamba am'madzi, marlin, squid, tuna, nyama, nyama zakufa. Nthawi zina amasonkhana mozungulira ngalawayo ndikusonkhanitsa zinyalala za chakudya.
Kawirikawiri nsombazi zodzoladzidwa kwa nthawi yayitali zimasonkhana m'magulu; pakudyetsa, zimayenda mwamphamvu ndikuchotserana kutali ndi nyama. Nthawi yomweyo, amathamangira kukapha nsomba, ngati misala, akamadya chakudya chomwecho ndi mitundu ina ya nsombazi.
Udindo wa fin fin shark.
Nsomba zazitali kwambiri zimatsagana ndi ma remoras (ndi am'banja la Echeneidae), amadziphatika ku gulu la nyama zam'nyanja ndikuyenda nawo. Nsomba zokakamira zimakhala zotsuka, kudya tiziromboti tapanja, komanso kutola zinyalala za chakudya kuchokera kwa omwe awasunga. Saopa nsombazi ndipo amasambira momasuka pakati pa zipsepse zawo.
Nsomba zazitali kwambiri zimathandiza kuti nsomba za m'nyanja zisasunthike, chifukwa nyama zolusa zimakhudza nsomba zomwe amadya.
Kutanthauza kwa munthu.
Nsomba zazitali kwambiri zimapezeka m'nyanja ya pelagic, chifukwa chakumapeto kwa mbalamezi zimavutika kusodza. Akasodza, amangodulidwa, ndipo asodzi amataya thupi. Izi zimabweretsa kufa kwa nsombazi.
Ziwalo zambiri za shark zimagulitsa bwino. Chinsalu chachikulu chakumaso chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pachakudya cha chikhalidwe cha ku Asia kuti chikonzere zakudya zabwino kwambiri za shark fin, ndipo msuzi umawerengedwa kuti ndi chakudya chokoma ku China. Msika wa nsomba umagulitsa nyama yozizira, yosuta komanso yatsopano. Khungu la Shark limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zovala zolimba. Ndipo mafuta a chiwindi cha shark ndi gwero la mavitamini.
Shark cartilage ikukololedwa kukafufuza zamankhwala pakufunafuna mankhwala a psoriasis.
Malo osungira a fin fin shark.
Nsomba zazitali kwambiri zimapezeka kwambiri, pafupifupi kulikonse, komwe kuli nsomba zam'madzi za pelagic komanso nsomba zowola. Makamaka tuna imagwidwa ndi zingwe zazitali, koma 28% ya nsomba imagwera pa nsombazi zazitali. Zikatere, nsomba zimavulala kwambiri zikagwidwa ndi maukonde ndipo sizikhala ndi moyo. Nsombazi zimapezeka kwambiri, chifukwa chake shaki yotchedwa fin shark ili m'gulu la "osatetezeka" ndi IUCN.
Kusunga nsombazi kumafuna mgwirizano wamayiko padziko lonse lapansi. Mapangano apadziko lonse lapansi apangidwa kuti agwirizane ndi mayiko agombe ndi mayiko omwe akuchita nawo usodzi, zomwe zikuwonetsa njira zowonetsetsa kuti nsombazi zatha kale. Pali njira zina zomwe zachitidwa kuti ziletse zoopsa zaukadaulo m'maiko osiyanasiyana komanso m'malo achitetezo am'madzi. Nsomba zazitali zokhala malinga ndi CITES Zowonjezera II ndizotetezedwa popeza zili pachiwopsezo chotha.
