Nyama yodabwitsa imakopa chidwi chilichonse - kuyambira dzina la mtunduwo mpaka mawonekedwe, mbiri yakuyambira ndi mawonekedwe. Galu wa Catahula Leopard chowala kwambiri mwanjira iliyonse kotero kuti mwini wake ayenera kukhala munthu wophunzitsidwa mwapadera. Kusuntha kosavuta, olimba mwachilengedwe, agalu amadziwulula okha pantchito, potumikira munthu.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe
Akatswiri ofufuza matenda amagazi amagawaniza agalu a catahula ngati mitundu yosaka nyama. Nyama zazikulu zamkati zimakhala ndi masewera othamanga. Kukula, galu kutalika ndi pafupifupi 60 cm, kulemera kwake ndi 35-40 kg. Mawonekedwe onse akuwonetsa kupirira, mphamvu, kulimba. Thupi laminyewa ndilouma, lamphamvu, lamphamvu. Kugonana kwamankhwala kumawonekera pakukula kwakukulu kwa amuna.
Mutu wa galu catahula ndi wawukulu, ndi nsagwada zamphamvu, masaya akugwera pang'ono. Mphuno imapindika mphuno. Makutu opindika ngati ma envelopu. Mtundu wamaso umasiyanasiyana agalu amitundu yosiyanasiyana - hazel, turquoise, buluu. Pali anthu omwe ali ndi chodabwitsa cha heterochromia, pomwe mithunzi ya irises yakumanzere ndi maso akumanja imasiyana.
Mbali yochititsa chidwi imeneyi ndi yochititsa chidwi kwambiri kwa iwo omwe amawona catahoulas koyamba. Marble iridescence imapereka chinsinsi kwa mitundu yosowa kwambiri. Galu wa kambuku wa catahula pachithunzichi ali kwambiri yowonetseratu, mawonekedwe a kristalo ndi akuya komanso osangalala
Khosi lolimba la galu limasinthasintha ndipo limapereka mawonekedwe abwino. Thupi lokhala ndi msana wowongoka, wokhala pachifuwa. Mchira wopindika ukuloza. Miyendo yolimba, yopyapyala imapereka minyewa yamphamvu poyenda. Mbali ina ya zikhomo za galu ndi kupezeka kwa mamina ang'onoang'ono, omwe amathandiza nyama kusambira, kuyenda mozungulira madambo.
Chovalacho ndi chaching'ono, cholumikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi thupi. Tsitsi silochepera kutalika, nthawi zambiri limakhala lalifupi, lolimba. Mtundu wautoto umawonekera mu dzina la mtunduwo - catahula kambuku kuwoneka galu amafanana ndi nyama zolusa zamtchire, zomwe zimadziwika pakhungu ndi mawanga azithunzi ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Palibe anthu amtundu umodzi. Mitundu yosakanikirana yamitundu ndi yosiyanasiyana, mitundu itatu yaubweya imapezeka nthawi zambiri.
Agalu ndi achangu, agile, amatha kuthamanga msanga ndi zopinga, akuchita ntchito mothamanga kwambiri. Chibadwa chachilengedwe chodyera chimapangidwa, chowonekera bwino. Izi ndizofunika pantchito ya galu, koma zimapanga zopinga m'mayanjano, kulumikizana ndi nyama zina mnyumba ya anthu, mumsewu.
Nyumba zazikulu zosungiramo ziweto za catahula zili ku USA. Ndikosavuta kupeza oimira mitunduyo kunja kwa dziko. Pachiwonetserochi, njira yoswana, agalu anyalugwe amasankhidwa mosamala. Nyama zimatayidwa ngati:
- khosi lalifupi;
- khutu losasintha;
- ubweya wofewa;
- tsitsi lalitali;
- alubino;
- mitu yoyera;
- mchira wokhotakhota kukhala mphete.
Ziwonetsero za ziweto ndi zamanyazi ndikuwonedwa ngati zosavomerezeka. Pambuyo pakuphunzitsidwa mwapadera, agalu a kambuku wa catahula osafunikira amafunidwa pakufufuza ndi kupulumutsa. Nyama zimadziwonetsera bwino pamiyeso yamasewera m'malo omvera, achangu.
Mitundu
Zosakanikirana zachilengedwe m'mbiri ya mtunduwu zabweretsa kusiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana kwamitundu mu malaya agalu a kambuku. Chiyambi chokha chomwe chimagwirizanitsa mitundu ya zamoyo ndi kachitidwe kakang'ono kapena ka mizere pambali pa miyendo, pachifuwa, pamphuno, ndi pansi pa mchira. Kusiyanitsa kotchulidwa pakati pa mtunduwo ndi mtundu woyambira kumalimbikitsidwa.
Zosankha zazikuluzikulu:
- nyalugwe (point) - amakonda, zolemba zitha kukhala zotuwa, chiwindi, chofiira;
- brindle (yamizeremizere) - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bulauni, yolowetsedwa ndi utoto woyera, wakuda;
- nsanza - kuphatikiza kwa mawanga, mpaka mitundu isanu, yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe, popanda kutulutsa mawu.
Mitundu yofiira ndi buluu (mtundu wa marbled) imapezeka kwambiri ndi agalu a nyalugwe, ngakhale m'mitundu ina imadziwika kuti ndi yapadera. Ubweya wosiyanasiyana umakhala wowoneka bwino ndikuphatikizika kwachilendo ndi kusiyanasiyana kwamitundu ndi kusasintha kwathunthu kwa malo amalo. Mtundu wolimba, wolimba, wocheperako. Poyang'ana kumbuyo kwakukulu, pamakhala kufalikira kwa zipsera pachifuwa, pakamwa, pamiyendo, pamiyendo kapena pamalopo pa gawo limodzi la thupi.
Palibe mtundu womwe ulamulire. Agalu okha omwe ali ndi malaya oyera opitilira 70% amatayidwa. Pali mitundu yoswana ya mtunduwo, malinga ndi momwe kusiyana kwa unyinji wa nyama kumaonekera. Mayina a malangizowo amaperekedwa ndi mayina a omwe akutukula:
- Wright - agalu akulu, olemera makilogalamu 40-50;
- Fairbanks - mtundu wapakatikati, 30-35 kg;
- McMillin ndi catahula kakang'ono, kolemera pafupifupi 25 kg.
Agalu amakono amatengera chibadwa cha makolo awo kuchokera m'mizere iyi.
Mbiri ya mtunduwo
Galu wa kambuku monga mtunduwo, malinga ndi omwe adatchulidwa koyambirira, adapangidwa kuyambira m'zaka za zana la 16 kudera la United States, ku Louisiana. M'mbiri yake, palibe chidziwitso chodalirika, galu amadziwika kuti ndi wachinsinsi. Amanena za chiyambi chakale kuchokera ku mastiffs achilendo, maimvi, mimbulu yofiira.
Amakhulupirira kuti makolo amtunduwu amakhala pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Catahula, pomwe fuko lachi India limakhazikika. Agalu agalu anali anzawo okhulupirika a Amwenye a Choctaw. Maso abuluu a ziweto amawoneka ngati akuwonetsa madzi a nyanja yoyera, yomwe adadzipatsa dzina.
Gawo lofunikira pakuwonekera kwamakono kwa galuyo lidapangidwa ndi aku France, omwe adadutsa agalu aku India ndi agalu abusa, ma beaceron. Pambuyo pake, kukula kwa mtunduwo kudayimitsidwa, nthawi zovuta zinali pafupifupi zowonongeratu agalu a kambuku.
Ntchito yopanga mwaluso ya akatswiri obwezeretsa mitundu idatsogolera kukhazikitsidwa kwa National Association ku Louisiana, yomwe idakhazikitsa mtundu woyamba wa mitundu. 1979 amadziwika ndi galu wa catahula ngati chizindikiro cha boma.
Kuphunzitsidwa kwa ziweto kwakhala ndi cholinga chodzikonzekeretsa poteteza malamulo, kutenga nawo mbali pofufuza ndi kupulumutsa, ndikugwiranso ntchito msipu. Maluso osaka agalu afunika kwambiri.
Khalidwe
Louisiana Catahula Agalu Agalu Okhala Nawo wolimba mtima wopulupudza. Kudziyimira pawokha pakukalamba kumawonekera momveka bwino, ziweto sizimakonda kumvera. Kukuleredwa koyenera kuchokera paunyamata kumapangitsa kuti nyama zizitha kuwongoleredwa, agalu amaphunzira malire omveka bwino pazomwe zimaloledwa, kuzindikira malamulo ngati sangasokoneze zosowa za nyama.
Agalu ayenera kusungidwa ndi eni odziwa bwino omwe amadziwa zoyambira. Kuuma khosi, kusamvera ndizowonetseratu ziweto. Akatswiri okha omwe amadziwa kuwerenga kwa nyama ndi omwe amatha kuwongolera machitidwe awo m'njira yoyenera.
Agalu amakonda kupanga zisankho zawo. Amagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri yoweta nkhosa m'malo ovuta. Mthandizi wolimba wamiyendo inayi amapirira bwino zolimbitsa thupi, amatha kulamulira gulu.
Ntchito zachitetezo zimawonetsedwa bwino pagawo la nyumbayo, pomwe galu amateteza malo okhala, okhalamo. Catahoulas amasamalira ana mosamala kwambiri, nthawi zonse amateteza. Nyama yomwe ili mdera lake ndiyotchera, yomwe imathandizidwa ndi kumva mwamphamvu komanso kununkhiza.
Kudera lachilendo, galu amakhudzidwa ndi zoyeserera zakunja, amafunika kuwongolera, popeza chibadwa champhamvu chosaka chimaposa malamulo amakhalidwe ngakhale azinyama zoweta. Amakhala olekerera pang'ono nyama zazing'ono, monga amphaka, agalu okongoletsera.
Umunthu wa galu wa Catahula nyalugwe imakupatsani mwayi wokhala mnzake wokhulupirika, mnzanu wapabanja. Phindu, kusewera kumawonetsedwa potengera mtendere wamaphunziro, kuleza mtima, komanso chisamaliro.
Mwini wake, nyamayo imayenera kumva kuti mtsogoleriyo akufunanso komanso kupirira. Galu amafunika kupatsidwa nthawi yokwanira yosamalira wogwira ntchito moyenera komanso wachibale wachikondi. Kulemekeza chiweto chanu kuyenera kukhala chinsinsi cha maubale abwino.
Zakudya zabwino
Obereketsa amalimbikitsa kuti eni ake pankhani yazakudya asankhe mwachangu chakudya chafakitale kapena asankhe kudya kwachilengedwe. Mulimonsemo, chakudya cha galu wokangalika chiyenera kukhala chamagulu, chodzaza ndi mavitamini ndi ma microelements.
Ngati mwini galu agula zakudya zopangidwa kale, ndiye kuti mtunduwo suyenera kukhala wotsika kuposa wapamwamba kwambiri, gulu lonse. Muyenera kumvera cholinga cha zinthuzo, sankhani chakudya cha nyama zazikulu, agalu okangalika, ganizirani magulu azaka. Kudyetsa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe kumachitika bwino malinga ndi malingaliro a akatswiri. Zomwe zikuluzikulu pamndandanda wa galu wa kambuku ziyenera kukhala:
- nyama zowonda (ng'ombe, nkhuku, Turkey);
- mazira;
- nsomba zam'madzi zopanda madzi;
- dzinthu;
- zipatso zamasamba;
- zopangidwa ndi mkaka.
Chiyerekezo cha zakudya mu zakudya ndi izi:
- nyama - mpaka 70%;
- dzinthu - mpaka 10%;
- masamba - mpaka 20%
- zina - 1-2%.
Nthawi yowonjezera thupi, kalori ya zakudya imakula. Kuphatikizidwa kwa maswiti, mbale za ufa, zopangira utsi, zonunkhira zotentha siziloledwa. Kuyamwa kwa mafupa a tubular ndikoopsa kwa chimbudzi, kuvulala kwa m'mimba ndikotheka.
Kubereka ndi kutalika kwa moyo
Obereketsa m'dziko lawo amatha kuswana agalu osowa. Osati aliyense wa catahula weniweni amatha kupeza ana okongola. Makolo obadwira sanatsimikizirebe kubadwa kwa ana agalu athanzi.
Chifukwa chake, jini losakanikirana, lomwe limayang'anira utoto wonyezimira, limatha kukhala lowopsa podutsa agalu awiri osiyana. Catahula ana agalu a kambuku Adzabadwa osasangalala - ogontha, akhungu, okhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, oyipa.
Kusankhaku kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi akatswiri kuti apititse ana omwe ali ndi chidwi chokomera makolo pamaphunziro. Kuyambira pobadwa, ana agalu amatengera kukula kwa mtundu, mtundu wa mawonekedwe, ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa a catahula. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, galu woyenera amakhala ndi moyo wa eni kwa zaka 10-14.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
Ziweto za akambuku ndizodzichepetsa. Msasa wanu, aviary kapena woyenda - malo ocheperako. Koma tsitsi lalifupi silitenthetsa chiweto, chifukwa chake, m'malo ozizira nyengo, muyenera kupatsa galu bedi m'nyumba. Masana, galu wokangalika kuntchito kapena pamasewera azitha kucheza mumsewu, madzulo kuti azisangalala ndi banja lake.
Kuyankhulana ndi nyama ndichofunikira kuti tisunge. Ziweto sizimalekerera kusungulumwa, chikhalidwe chimawonjezeka, galu amathamanga kwambiri. Maulendo olumikizana, masewera, kusambira m'madamu ndikofunikira kuti thanzi la thupi lanyama ndi lamaganizidwe.
Njira yosamalira ndi kudyetsa galu siyodziwika. Kusamba koyenera ndi burashi yapadera kamodzi pa sabata, kuyang'anitsitsa makutu, maso ndikwanira. Kukulitsa makola m'mayendedwe achangu kumachitika mwachilengedwe. Chepetsani ngati kuli kofunikira. Kusamba kumachitika ngati kuli kofunikira, pafupifupi kamodzi pamwezi.
Kusamalira thanzi la chiweto chanu kumalandira katemera wachitetezo, chitetezo ku nkhupakupa ndi majeremusi, komanso kuwongolera zakudya. Kugwiritsa ntchito mopitilira muyeso kumayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, zovuta zamagulu. Zomwe zikudetsa nkhawa ndizokhudzana ndi maphunziro agalu. Chiweto chachikulu chimakula pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chake kuleza mtima ndi kulimbikira kumafunika.
Pafupifupi, maphunziro oyambira omvera amatenga zaka ziwiri kuti adziwe pulogalamu yaying'ono. Kuyanjana ndi mwana wagalu kumatha kuyambika kuyambira miyezi 2-3 atabadwa. Kuphatikiza kwa luntha ndi chilengedwe chovuta kumawulula galu wachilendo, wokhoza kuthana ndi ntchito zovuta kwambiri. Agalu osunthika pambuyo pake amakhala okonzeka kutumizira eni ake mokhulupirika komanso mokhulupirika.
Mtengo
Mutha kugula mwana wagalu kumakola ena akunja ku Slovakia ndi Czech Republic, ngakhale mtunduwu umakhala woweta kwambiri ku America. Mtengo umaphatikizapo zolipirira kuyenda komanso mtengo wa mwana wagalu weniweni.
Kukhala a mtunduwo kumangotsimikiziridwa ndi zikalata zochokera ku Louisiana National Association, zomwe sizinapatse mpata kutenga nawo mbali pazionetsero. Mtengo wa galu wa Catahula nyalugwe osachepera 800 euros ku Europe, madola 1000-1200 ku USA.
Zosangalatsa
Pochita ndi galu wa kambuku, mbali zapadera zavuto zimawululidwa:
- kukumbukira kukumbukira - chilichonse chosafunika chiyenera kuthetsedwa paunyamata, chikhalidwe cha galu wamkulu sichingakonzedwe;
- pantchito yawo, catahoulas amapeza kalembedwe kake kutengera kuwona, kumva kapena kununkhiza. Kupondereza zachilengedwe zachilengedwe kuti zingowononga galu;
- Ana agalu amatenga nawo gawo kumayambiriro kwa ntchito kuyambira kuyang'anira mpaka kusaka, chifukwa amawoneka ngati agalu akulu kukula. Kutopa kwambiri paunyamata kumadzetsa kusakhazikika pantchito. Nthawi yakukula, ndikofunikira kuti ana agalu asinthe masewera ena ali ndi zochitika zazikulu kuti apange makulidwe oyenera.
M'mbiri ya galu panali nthawi zamdima pomwe anthu amawona "ziwanda" munyama. Mwina malingaliro otere adapangidwa chifukwa chodutsa mosazindikira, kubadwa kwa ana agalu ndi psyche yosokonezeka. Mtima wa galu wamphamvu umamvera kukoma mtima. Mphoto yayikulu kwambiri kwa chiweto chosochera ndikungodzilemba pamutu komanso mawu okoma mtima ochokera kwa mwiniwake.
