Makhalidwe ndi malo okhala mackerel
Nsomba za Mackerel, ndi ya dongosolo la banja la mackerel la banja la mackerel. Kutalika kwakuthupi kanyama kanyanjaku ndi pafupifupi masentimita 30, koma mwachilengedwe, anthu opitilira kawiri amatalika nthawi zambiri, akufika pakulemera mpaka 2 kg.
Komabe, zitsanzo zazing'ono zimatha kulemera 300 g yokha.Mutu wa nsombayo umakhala ndi mawonekedwe a kondomu, thupi limafanana ndi chokhotakhota chokutidwa ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono, mbali ya mchira chimayeretsedwa ndikumaponderezedwa pambuyo pake. Mtundu wa thupi ndi silvery, wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda yopingasa, kumbuyo kwake ndibuluu wobiriwira.
Kuphatikiza pa zomwe zimachitika: dorsal ndi pectoral, mackerel ili ndi mizere isanu yazipsepse zowonjezerapo, zomwe caudal imapangidwira mphanda. Monga mamembala ambiri am'banja la mackerel, mwa nsomba zotere ndizotheka kusiyanitsa mphete ya mafupa mozungulira maso. Mphuno ya nyama zam'madzi izi ndi zowongoka, mano ake ndi ofanana komanso ochepa kukula kwake.
Mackerels amagawidwa m'magulu anayi akuluakulu. Pakati pa mitundu ya nsomba ya makerele Omwe aku Africa amafikira kukula kwakukulu. Kutalika kwa anthu otere kumatha kukhala masentimita 63, pomwe kulemera kwake kumatha kupitilira ma kilogalamu awiri.
Chaching'ono kwambiri (44 cm ndi 350 g) ndi buluu kapena Japan mackerel. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu ya nsomba zotere imadziwika: wamba Atlantic ndi Australia. Mackerels amakhala m'nyanja yomwe yafalikira kumadera onse padziko lapansi kupatula Nyanja ya Arctic. Nsapato za nsomba zotere zimasambira munyanja zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, zimasamukira kumadzi a Bely, ndipo mackerel amakhala mkatikati mwa nyanja za Baltic, Marmara, Black ndi nyanja zina.
Chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa mackerel
Nsomba ya makerele ndi imodzi mwa nsomba zomwe sizikhala moyo wawo wonse pafupi ndi pansi, koma zimasambira kudera la pelagic. Ndiwo osambira abwino omwe amasangalala ndimadzi am'madzi ndipo amatha kukhala moyo wokangalika m'madzi akuya amchere. Ndipo zipsepse zambiri zimawathandiza kupewa zovuta mukamayenda mwachangu.
Nsombazi zimasungidwa m'masukulu, nthawi zambiri zimalumikizana m'magulu ndi ma sardine aku Peru. Mackerel ali ndi adani okwanira m'madzi ndi m'mlengalenga, ndipo zinkhanira, mikango yam'madzi, ma dolphin, nsombazi ndi nsomba zazikulu zitha kukhala pachiwopsezo. Mackerels ndi mtundu wa nsomba zomwe zimangomva kutentha mu kutentha kwa 8-20 ° C, pachifukwa ichi zimasamukira pachaka pachaka.
Ndipo chaka chonse, nsombazi zimakhala ndi mwayi wokhala m'madzi ofunda a Indian Ocean, komwe kutentha kumawakwanira bwino. Kutonthoza kwa madzi aku Turkey sikumawakhutitsanso nawonso, chifukwa chake mbalame ya mackerel yomwe imakhazikika m'madzi omwe atchulidwawa nthawi zambiri samakhala m'nyengo yozizira m'malo omwe amakhala.
Nyengo yozizira ikayamba, anyaniwa omwe amakhala ku Black Sea amapita kumpoto kwa Europe, komwe kuli mafunde ofunda omwe amawapatsa mwayi wokhala moyo wabwino. Pakusamuka, mbalame yotchedwa mackerel siigwira ntchito kwenikweni ndipo siigwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ngakhale kufunafuna chakudya.
Kusapezeka kwa chikhodzodzo ndikusamba minofu kumathandiza nyani ya Atlantic kuyenda mwachangu kwambiri m'madzi, yomwe imathandizidwanso kwambiri ndi kapangidwe kake kama thupi.
Nsomba zotere zimatha kufikira liwiro la 30 km / h. Kukwanitsa kuyenda mwachangu kumeneku kumathandiza nyama zam'madzi izi kuti zisamavutike, kuyenda maulendo ataliatali.
Chakudya cha Mackerel
Mackerels ndi nyama zomwe zimadya nyama zam'madzi. Amadyetsa ma plankton omwe amasefedwa m'madzi ndi ma crustaceans ang'onoang'ono. Nsomba zokhwima zimasankhidwa ngati nyama ya squid ndi nsomba zazing'ono.
Poukira nyama yake ndikuponya, mbalame yotchedwa mackerel ya ku Atlantic, mwachitsanzo, imatha kupanga liwiro la 80 km / h mumasekondi angapo. Pofuna kusaka nyama ya mackerel imasochera kulowa pagulu, pomwe miyala yamchenga, anchovy ndi sprats zimatha kukhala zida zawo.
Gulu la anyani agalu, ogwirira ntchito limodzi, amakakamiza omwe amawadyawo kuti akwere pamwamba pamadzi ndipo, atayika chakudya chawo chonse, ayamba kudya chakudya chambiri, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimagwirizana ndi nyama zikuluzikulu zam'madzi, nkhono ndi ma dolphin. Kuwona kusonkhana kotereku kuchokera kumwamba, ndikosavuta kupeza malo odyetsera anyani.
Nyama zazing'onozi ndizoyipa kwambiri, koma mbalame zotchedwa mackerel zaku Australia zimadya nkhanza kwambiri. Ali wokonzeka kugwira, osazengereza, chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka ngati chodyedwa. Chifukwa cha izi ndizodziwika bwino, ma Angler aku Australia nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti amatha kugwira mackerel mosavuta ngakhale atakolera popanda nyambo.
Kubereka ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wa mackerel
Mackerels amayamba kubala mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Ndipo, chaka chilichonse, anthu okhwima amatha kubereka ana kufikira atakalamba kwambiri, zomwe nsomba izi zimayambira zaka 18-20. Zaka zowonetsedwa ndi kutalika kwa moyo wazinthu zotere.
Nsomba zambiri zokhwima zimayamba kutuluka pakatikati pa masika. Mackerels achichepere amayamba kuberekana kumapeto kwa Juni. Anthu okhwima ogonana amabala magawo ena m'madzi agombe nthawi yonse yachilimwe ndi chilimwe.
Kuswana nsomba ya makerele Zimachitika mwakhama, popeza nsombazo zimakhala zachonde kwambiri, kusiya mazira mpaka theka la miliyoni kuzama pafupifupi mita 200. Mazirawo ali pafupifupi millimeter m'mimba mwake. Ndipo aliyense wa iwo amapatsidwa dontho la mafuta, lomwe lidzakhala chakudya cha ana omwe akutukuka.
Kutalika kwa nthawi yopanga mphutsi mwachindunji kumadalira mkhalidwe wabwino wam'madzi am'madzi kuyambira pakati pa theka ndi theka mpaka milungu itatu. Mphutsi za Mackerel ndizokonda kudya komanso mwamakani kotero kuti amakhutitsidwa ndi ludzu ndipo amatha kudya wina ndi mnzake ndi chilakolako chabwino.
Achangu obadwa kumene ndi ochepa, ochepa masentimita ochepa. Koma amakula mwachangu ndipo pakugwa kukula kwawo kumawonjezeka katatu kapena kupitilira apo. Koma zitatha izi, kuchuluka kwa anyani achinyamata anyaniwa kumachepa.
Kugwira nsomba ya makerele
Mackerel ndi nsomba yomwe yakhala yofunika kwambiri ndipo yakhala ikuwedza mwachangu. Ndikoyenera kutchula kuti mpaka matani 65,000 a nsomba zoterezi zimagwidwa chaka chilichonse pagombe lakumadzulo kwa Europe kokha.
Malo okhala mackerel amatheketsa kuti agwire m'malo ambiri padziko lapansi: kuchokera pagombe la Europe kupita kuzilumba za Canary, Nyanja Yakuda, Baltic ndi Marmara, komanso chilimwe kumpoto kwa Iceland ndi pagombe la Murmansk, m'madzi a White Sea, pagombe la Novaya Zemlya ndi m'malo ena osawerengeka.
Pogwiritsa ntchito nsomba za mackerel, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsira ntchito thumba la ndalama ndi thumba lachitsulo, komanso ma trawls, ma longline, zingwe zophera nsomba ndi maukonde. Kugwira nsomba ya makerele kwa asodzi okangalika, sizikuwoneka zovuta kwenikweni. Ndipo njira yabwino kwambiri ndikuwedza kuchokera pa bwato kapena bwato lililonse. Imeneyi ndi nsomba yadyera kwambiri, choncho sizovuta konse kukopa mackerel.
Chilichonse chowoneka bwino komanso chowala ndichabwino kwa izi, ndipo asodzi nthawi zambiri amakonzekeretsa, podziwa izi, ndowe zazingwe ndi mitundu yonse yamawangamawanga owala ndi zojambulazo zasiliva. Monga nyambo, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba zazing'ono, nkhono ndi nyama ya nsomba, komanso nyambo yokumba, yomwe mungagule momasuka.
Nsomba ya makerele – zokoma nsomba, nyama yake imasuta, kuthira mchere ndi zamzitini, komabe ikangogwidwa kumene, imalawa zodabwitsa kwambiri. Izi ndizotsika mtengo. Mtengo wa Mackerel mwachindunji zimatengera mtundu wake komanso masentimita 120 mpaka 160 pa kilogalamu.
Kodi kuphika nsomba ya makerele
Mackerel ndi nsomba yomwe imathandiza kwambiri pa chakudya. Ndipo malo apadera amapatsidwa kwa iye kuphika, kuyambira nsomba ya makerele – nsomba zathanzi... Mafuta a nyama zam'madzi izi ndizokwera kwambiri ndipo amafikira 16.5%, chifukwa chake mbale zansombazi, chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa mafuta zidulo, zimakhala ndi thanzi labwino. Kuphatikiza apo, nyama ya mackerel ndiyokoma, yofewa, ilibe mafupa ang'onoang'ono, chifukwa chake imasiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi iwo, yokhala ndi mapuloteni osungunuka mosavuta komanso vitamini B12.
Mackerel nyama ndi mitundu yabwino. Pali zakudya zopitilira muyeso zomwe zitha kupangidwa kuchokera ku nsomba iyi. Ndipo yothandiza m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku komanso patebulo lokondwerera maphikidwe ndi mackerel, ndipo kuchuluka kwakukulu kwapangidwa.
Nyama yotereyi imaphikidwa mu uvuni ndi masamba, osungunuka, opangidwa ndi batter, amathiridwa ndi msuzi wosiyanasiyana, wokutidwa ndi kuthira pakamwa, ma cutlets ndi okazinga ndipo ma pâté amakonzedwa. Komabe, chinthu choterocho chimakhalanso ndi zina. Chowonadi ndichakuti kununkhira kwa mackerel kwatsopano ndichotsimikizika.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake amayi apanyumba aluso amayenera kuchita zachinyengo kuti apange mbale zokoma za mackerel. Asanaphike, nyama ya nsombayi nthawi zambiri imatsukidwa mu vinyo woyera wouma, viniga, mandimu kapena mandimu kuti athane ndi fungo losafunikira. Pachifukwa chomwechi, ndizothekanso kuwaza nyama ya nsomba ndi zitsamba zonunkhira.
Fillet ya mackerel imagawidwa mosavuta m'magulu oyambira. Nyama yotereyi iyenera kuphikidwa itakulungidwa ndi zojambulazo. Mackerel wokazinga ndi wophika amakhala ndi vuto kuti limakhala louma pang'ono, chifukwa limapereka mosavuta mafuta omwe ali mmenemo. Ndipo ichi ndi chifukwa china choyendetsera nyama yake musanaphike.
Chogulitsidwacho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano. Ndipo ndizosafunikira kwambiri kugwiranso ntchito mazira a mackerel kachiwiri. Zikatero, mafuta omwe ali munyama amatha kusandulika. Ndipo chisonyezo kuti izi zachitika kale ndi mawanga achikaso omwe amapezeka pamtembo.
